Osteoclast Essays

Bone is a dynamic living tissue that is made up of metabolically active cells that are integrated into a rigid framework, 30% organic matrix, and 70% minerals. A vascular network of nutrient, metaphyseal, and periosteal vessels richly supplies adult bone. In a fracture or fusion model, the healing potential of bone, is decided by a variety of systemic and local factor including biochemical, biomechanical, cellular, hormonal, and pathological mechanisms. An incessantly occurring state of bone deposition

There are four types of bone cells, the osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocyte, and osteoprogenitor. Each cell has a different job. They all look different and they are all structured differently. Bone cells are very important for the human body. The first type of bone cell is the osteoblast. The osteoblast is mainly responsible for forming or creating new bone cells. They also form the bone matrix. They are shaped like an oval with kind of squiggly, uneven lines. Like most cells they have a nucleus

5. BONE AILMENTS 5.1 FRACTURES A fracture is also known as bone breakage. Bones are mostly unbending, but every now and then they bend or give external force to the body. However, the bones will break if the force applied on it is too strong, just as a plastic ruler breakdowns when it is bent too far. The severity of a fracture is usually determined by the force that caused the break. The bone may fissure rather than break all the way through, if the breaking point of the bone has been exceeded only

Definition of Osteoporosis: Osteoporosis is a medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, usually as a result of hormonal changes, or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D. Osteoporosis is a cause of important morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal women as well as men. In both men and women, increasing age and low bone mineral density (BMD) are the 2 most important independent risk factors. Bone density is at its utmost in our early 20s. But as we age, we

SECTION 1 Osteoporosis is a condition of fragile bones that occurs when the body loses too much bone or makes too little bone. Bone may breaks from a fall or in some serious cases, from sneezing and minor bumps. According to the 1993 Consensus Development Conference, osteoporosis was defined as a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration to fractures (Anonymous, 1993). Based on statistic given by International Osteoporosis Foundation, in the worldwide stage, osteoporosis

Erlenmeyer flask deformity is an abnormality of the distal femur. Although rare, Erlenmeyer’s flask deformity can also be observed in other long bones, such as, the proximal ends of the humeri and tibiae and in the distal ends of the ulnae and radii. The deformity can occur on both sides of the body or on one side. The name “erlenmeyer flask” is gleaned from German chemist Richard Erlenmeyer’s laboratory flask that has a base shaped like a cone and a narrow, cylindrical neck joined by uncurved edges

Pathophysiology: Increased bone resorption or decreased bone, aging because of decreasing supply of osteoblasts, estrogen deficiency, Calcium deficiency, Vitamin D deficiency, Bone fractures, Etiology: Low peak bone mass, being a women, smaller body frame size, lowered sex hormones, excess thyroid, low calcium intake, eating disorders, sedentary lifestyle, excessive alcohol consumption, tobacco use. Manifestations: Back pain, loss of height, stooped posture, bone fractures occur easily. Possible

Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva which is sometimes referred to FOP is a very rare genetic disorder in which bones grow uncontrollably to the point of causing disability (Fibrous Dysplasia). As one of the rarest and most disabling diseases, FOP causes bone to form in and over muscles, tendons, ligaments, and other connective tissues (What is FOP). Bridges of this extra bone develops across joints which causes immobility (What is FOP). These bridges also create a second skeleton that imprisons

What Causes Bone Spurs? A bone spur (also called osteophyte) is a bone growth that forms on bone or near a cartilage or tendon. This extra bone develops as the body repairs itself in response to constant pressure, friction, or stress over a bone, usually in the spine, the shoulder, hand, hip, knee, or foot. What causes bone spurs? Here are the common causes why people develop extra bone over bone. 1. What Causes Bone Spurs? • Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is a degenerative bone condition that affects

The intramembranous ossification, which is responsible for the development of flats bones (such as the skull, the mandible and the clavicle etc.) this process, is stem from the embryonic fibrous connective tissues to form solid bones. Whereas, the endochondral ossification is responsible for the development of long bones (such as femur, phalanges, radius and etc.) this stem from a temporary hyaline cartilage model, which is then later replaced by solid bone via osteoblast. Within the intramembranous

“Impacts of disability on ageing society” Robert Owen, the Welsh social reformer and one of the founders of utopian socialism and the cooperative movement stated that “In advanced age, and in cases of disability from accident, natural infirmity or any other cause, the individual shall be supported by the colony, and receive every comfort which kindness can administer.” For a long time, disability has become a major issue to the state or all sector of society must pay attention. The people in the

COMPARISON OF COMPONENTS OF ODONTOGENIC CYST FLUID - A REVIEW ABSTRACT: The cystic lesions that affect the oral and maxillofacial region are predominantly odontogenic in origin. The odontogenic cell rests entangled within tissue of the jaws such as cell rests of Malassez, cell rests of serre and enamel organ leads to its formation . The factors leading to the enlargement of these jaw cysts are increased permeability of cyst wall , increased protein content of the cyst fluid ,and when the intracystic

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is one of the rarest and most disabling disease known to mankind. The disease progression is caused when connective tissue such as; muscle, tendons, or ligaments are slowly replaced by bone. Eventually, the additional bone formation outside the skeleton will constrict movement and imprison the body. The literature on fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is sparse, which could account for the extremely high rate of misdiagnoses of the disorder. An important

activation, resorption, reversal and formation. Activation is initiated by the recruitment of osteoclast precursors into the areas that need be absorbed. The precursor cells fuse to become preosteoclast cells and mature further into osteoclasts. Once activated, osteoclasts acidify and release resorptive enzymes leading to the formation of resorption cavities. After their job is accomplished, the osteoclast undergo apoptosis. This process proceed to the reversal stage, during which coupling signals

fibre (matrix) from the bone by secreting the acids and proteolytic enzyme by the osteoclast, and osteogenesis, the process of producing new bones by addition of minerals and collagen fibre to bone by osteoblast. Remodelling of bone takes place in different rate in the region of the body. Even after the bone reaches their peak bone mass, they still continually remodelling the bone. The activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts need to be balanced so there will not be too much new tissue produced and make

disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue. This leads to increased bone fragility and risk of fracture. Two essential cells are involved in the daily turnover of the bone, osteoblast cells and osteoclast cells. although over activity of the osteoclast cell leads to osteoporosis, There is no single cause of osteoporosis. Many people are able to get this disease, mostly at an older age. Although there aren’t many symptoms signs cannot be noticed until a later stage because

move. The negative effects of steroids will catch up. It will begin with weight gain putting more stress on bones. Then it will decline the rate of growth in bones and slowly kill off the osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Osteoblasts deposit minerals and collagen which causes bone formation, osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption. They’re vital to slowing the rate of osteoporosis development. If either are interrupted whilst doing their jobs and the rate of formation and resorption are no longer

A human’s body may appear to be a simple form, but nonetheless it is complex with trillions of living organisms working together to keep the individual alive and moving. Many of the composites that keep the individual movements are the cartilages, bones, and joints. Cartilage is divided into three classifications with the same function, but with their own specific functions as well. Bones, which protect the internal organs, are in many different categories based on the appearance of the bones.

The musculoskeletal system is a complex arrangement of bones, muscles, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, joints, and other connective tissue. This system provides form, support, stability, and movement for the body. It is comprised of two separate systems, the skeletal system and the muscular system. Both of these systems are vital for the body to be able to function properly. For instance, the skeletal system protects and supports the weight of the body’s organs, serves as storage for calcium and phosphorous

disease’ as the loss of bone occurs without symptoms and progressively. Bone is made of tough, elastic fibers and materials and it is a living tissue that makes up and resorbs bone. Osteoblasts are the cells that make the matrix of the bone while osteoclasts are cells that resorb bone. Both are regulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH), estrogen, vitamin D, calcitonin and other factors. The bones are in constant state of renewal and younger person ideally in the adolescence makes new bone faster than it