Phosphatidylcholine Essays

2.1. History: The first notorious recognition of the Newcastle disease (ND) is Java, Indonesia (Kraneveld, 1926). It was followed by an occurrence in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England (Doyle, 1927) thus coining the term for the disease. There are also some previous reports of similar illness in Central Europe as well (Hallas, 1912). Specifically, McPherson (1956), attributed the cause of mortality of all chickens in the West Islands of Scotland to be Newcastle disease in 1896. The ND might be such that

Universal Nutrition Animal Pak - The Original Since 1983 August 8th 1983 is a rather important date in competitive body building history. Why? Because that was the day that the Animal Pak was unleashed on the world. It was designed to assist pro competitive body builders get the most out of their grueling routines by providing them with all the nutrition they knew they needed as well as some they had never even known they could benefit form, at least not until they tried it. And for 25 years now

properties must be redefined. The updated model is described in Figure 6A. The regions of 1 nm thick at each side of the bilayer, denoted as an excluded volume for solutes in the previous session, contain around 18-20 water molecules per lipid in phosphatidylcholines [50,51]. The presence of those interphases describes the membrane as a composite element consisting of the lipid leaflets and the regions of hydrated polar head groups at each

preventing collapse of alveoli and maintaining their patency 8. Meconium, when aspirated into the lungs, deactivates surfactant. Research has also shown that meconium disturbs surfactant synthesis, with a study concluding that surfactant phosphatidylcholine (a phospholipoprotein which forms about 85% of the lipid component in surfactant) concentrations are low in infants with meconium aspiration syndrome 14. In addition, another study has demonstrated the surfactant-stripping effect of meconium

Summary Endoplasmic reticulum is a eukaryotic organelle that forms interconnected network of cisternae, vesicles and tubules within the cells[1,2]. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum: rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is covered with ribosomes in its membrane, these ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis[2]. The ribosome free endoplasmic reticulum also know as smooth endoplasmic reticulum, its functions including lipid synthesis, drug detoxification

synthesis and the half-life of surfactant are influenced by many factors. Surfactant synthesis and turnover in preterm infants using stable isotopes of glucose, acetate and palmitic acid demonstrates that synthesis from glucose to surfactant phosphatidylcholine (PC) takes approximately 19 hours and reaches a peak at 70 hours after labeling. The absolute production rate of PC is 4.2 mg/kg/day while the half-life is 113 (± 25) hours (Bunt et al., 1998). The fractional synthesis rate of surfactant PC