Pleistocene Essays

The Pleistocene epoch, which occurred around 2.6 million years ago and lasted until about 11,700 years ago, was a time of severe global warming and global cooling. This period of time is known to have marked the most recent documented Ice Age. Of the five cited Ice Ages that have occurred since the beginning of time, The Pleistocene Epoch was the first to accrue humans. Moreover, the animals inhabiting the Earth throughout this era were predominately larger than animals living today. Given the facts

The Pleistocene Age is regularly characterized as the time period that started around 1.8 million years back and kept going until around 11,700 years prior. The latest Ice Age happened then, as icy masses secured enormous parts of the planet Earth.There have been no less than five reported significant ice agesduring the 4.6 billion years since the Earth was framed — and no doubt numerous more before people went ahead the scene around 2.3 million years prior.The Pleistocene Age is the first in which

learn more about the past and its history. From this, we can observe some evidence and how these environments evolve over time through ‘recent’ past climates, sediment and ice cores, tree rings and fossil pollen to reconstruct this change. The Pleistocene is categorised by the continuous cycle of the expansion and concentration of massive ice sheets. These sheets can deteriorate by the rise of sea level changes. Around 11,500 years ago BP, sea level rapidly rose to today’s level. However, as the

The preservation of history is extremely significant. With a critical awareness, the human will develop a new and improved understanding of the world. History is conducted of millions of events and happenings. Extinction contributes to history. It is the termination of a species due to certain factors. When a species is wiped out, it turns only into a memory that composes history. As such, the human race is given the opportunity to further develop an understanding of why different extinctions occur

Notes: Also called Ötzi the Iceman, the Similaun Man, the Man from Hauslabjoch, the Tyrolean Iceman, Homo tyrolensis, and the Hauslabjoch mummy) is a well-preserved natural mummy of a man who lived around 3,300 BCE,[2][3] more precisely between 3359 and 3105 BCE, with a 66% chance that he died between 3239 and 3105 BCE.[4] The mummy was found in September 1991 in the Ötztal Alps, hence the nickname "Ötzi", near the Similaun mountain and Hauslabjoch on the border between Austria and Italy.[5] He is

Background Homo Floresiensis, also known as the “Hobbit”, derived from J.R.R. Tolkien’s fantasy series, was discovered in the Liang Bua cave on the island of Flores in eastern Indonesia in October 2004. Two individuals were found in the cave, a “nearly complete skeleton” from one (LB1), and the “isolated lower premolar” from the second (LB2), (Groves, 2007). LB1 dates to about 18,000 years ago, while LB2 is much older (Groves, 2007). From the remains of the skeleton, (LB1), we understand that it

In the beginning, there was nothing, and that continued for some time. Then, around 45,000 years ago, humans came trudging out of the primordial soup, and that was something. In about 40,000 BCE, humans first started to create art in what would become known today as the Paleolithic Era. This era is vital to our artistic history because, for the first time, humans were creating true representations, “literally, the presenting again—in different and substitute form—of something observed” (Kleiner

The word Pleistocene is of Greek origin. Pleistos means most and Kainos means recent. The word origin and history for Pleistocene pertains to the glacial period. This period starting about 2 million years ago and ending about 10,000 years ago spanned two epochs of the Quaternary Period. The first Epoch, the Pleistocene was defined by the formation glaciers spanning the Northern Hemisphere and by the appearance of humans. During this time frame almost every giant mammal had disappeared such as

Chapter 5: The Neolithic Revolution For about two million years, our hominid ancestors were shaping rocks into stone axes to be tied to their long spears or for use in cutting through the flesh of the animals they had killed for food. Homo erectus had been that species, a species that had wandered far and wide out of Africa and into the Indonesian archipelago. They were built to run and were hairless, allowing the sweat to cool off their bodies during the hunt. With their ability to make and

The Angus Mammoth Holen, Steven R., David W. May, and Shannon A. Mahan. 2011 “The Angus Mammoth: A Decades-Old Scientific Controversy Resolved”. American Antiquity 76.3: 487–499. Back in 1931, a mammoth fossil was found by a 15 year old named Earl Brooks in Nuckolls County, Nebraska. An expert was called in from the Hastings museum and he instantly identified the bones as mammoth and started excavating the skeleton. While digging a tunnel around the left scapula, Brooks encountered a hard object

In Twilight of Mammoths, Paul S. Martin introduces the concept of ‘overkill’, in which many extinct species pertaining to the late Quaternary period would have survived but additional survival pressures ensured their demise. Martin directly attributes the additional survival pressures that ensured the extinction of these species to the spread of humanity. In specific Martin demonstrates the ability of human civilizations to produce profuse impacts on local ecosystem without the use of advanced technology

Is Graffiti Art? The first drawings on walls appeared in caves thousands of years ago. Now, subway cars wear the neverending doodles of taggers. Although some people view graffiti as a form of art, by definition graffiti “artists” damage public property without the consent of the owner. Graffiti not only defaces property, but also causes millions of dollars in repair. The question “When does graffiti become art?” has only one answer: Never. The law haas and always will consider graffiti as vandalism

Otzi The Iceman Otzi, also known as the Iceman, the Man from Hauslabjoch, the Similaun Man, the Tyrolean Iceman, and the Hauslabjoch mummy, is one of the most well preserved natural mummies in recorded history. Otzi was discovered on September 19, 1991, in the Otzal Alps by two German tourists, Helmut and Erika Simon. The nickname Otzi the Iceman originated from the location in which the body was found (Deem 6). Due to the extent of his preservation, scientists and archeologists have been able

Evolution of rabbits Rabbits, they come from the same group as hares called Lagomorph. Lagomorphs evolved from Asia at least 40 million years ago and was classified as rodents until 1912, where scientist found out they have special features that rodents didn’t have, such as 4 incisors instead of 2. The different species of rabbits and hares are due to the break-up of tectonic plates during this time period, creating continental drift, hence leading to adaptive radiation. From the start of its life

Home to a large Pleistocene fossil site, Saltville, Virginia has revolutionized modern archeology. The locality is especially significant because of unique interactions that took place between animals and humans 15,000 years ago. There has been recent evidence uncovered that Paleo-humans and the mammals in the surrounding Appalachian region interacted and the humans relied on the animals for survival. The deep history preserved in the land of Saltville reveals a past ecosystem that drew megafauna

THe Pleistocene Epoch The Ice Age was also known as the Pleistocene Epoch. The Pleistocene Epoch began 2.6 million years ago and ended about 11,700 years ago. This period in time was divided into four parts. The Pleistocene was split into four different stages. The first one is the Gelastian (2.6 million to 1.8 million years ago), the second it the Calabrian (1,800,000 to 781,000 years ago), the third is the Ionian Period(781,000 to 126,000 years ago), and finally the Tarantian period (126,000 to

The Pleistocene epoch occurred between 2.6 million years ago and 11700 years ago, and was the base of the Quaternary; the most recent period. The most recent ice age occurred during the Pleistocene epoch, with huge parts of the Earth’s landmasses being covered by glaciers. The Pleistocene did not consist of just one great ice age. Instead, it involved frequent fluctuations of warming and cooling of the Earth’s atmosphere. This included more than 30 changes between long glacial periods where much

end of the Pleistocene era (~11.7 thousand years ago or ka) the Mammuthus population experienced significant evolutionary change: shortening and heightening of the mandible and skull, thinning of molar enamel, and an increase in hypsodont dentition (high-crowned teeth used for grassland feeding). Four chronospecies of Eurasian Mammuthus have been named based on these data: the first Elephantids known as Mammuthus rumanus, Early Pleistocene mammoths called M. meridionalis, Middle Pleistocene - M. trogontherii

Neogene, and Quatenery periods. Throughout these periods, the Cenozoic is divided into seven epochs (subdivisions of the geologic timescale that are longer than an age and shorter than a period): Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, Pliocene, Pleistocene, and Holocene. The Paleocene, Eocene and Oligocene epochs occur during the Paleogene period. Paleocene was a time of dense forests and evolutionary experiments due to the extinction of the dinosaurs and other giant reptiles at the end of the Cretaceous

Haleakala National Park is located in the island of Maui, Hawaii. “Maui’s two eroded volcanoes, Haleakala and West Maui, were once part of a large volcanic massif made up of six major volcanoes. When sea level was lower, during the coldest times of the Pleistocene Epoch, the six volcanoes formed one island.” Haleakala is a part of the Kea trend of volcanoes that includes West Maui, Mauna Kea and Kohala volcanoes. During the Pliocene, Haleakala did not exist yet. “In the late Pliocene time, the shields of