Social epistemology Essays

that process and I presents my position (i.e. constructivist epistemology) in the debate. Finally, concluding remarks will be made. As many studies have shown that development research paradigm was highly dominated by positivistic approaches (Sumner and Tribe, 2004). The trend in the research environment was characterized by the predomination of standard methods that are imposed top - down (Chambers, 2010). The participation of social scientists that are not economists was highly limited in the

Epistemological beliefs: epistemology is a theory of knowledge which dealt with “the origin, nature, source, limits, and justification of human knowledge” (Audi, 1998; Klein, 1998, as cited in Sitoe, 2006, p.22). In other words, it concerns with the nature of knowledge and knowing. This theory originated from a challenge to answer a basic question: “whether knowledge is achieved through reason (rationalism) or it is attained through experience (empiricism) (Dancy, 1985; Woozley, 1966, as cited in

Epistemology aspect of writing The word epistemology comes from the Greek words “episteme” means knowledge or understanding and “logia” means science or study. Generally, in philosophy, epistemology is the study of knowledge. It deals with the nature of knowledge. It is concerned with the following questions: how do we know things, what do we know, why we know, is what we know true, and what are the limits of knowledge? Knowledge is justified true belief. It means that the person must be able to

head: STUDY OF EPISTEMOLOGY The Development of Epistemology Done By Socrates from 470 B.C until 399 B.C in Athens Ibrahim Mohammed Hajar Antalya International University English 102 Section 4 Spring 2015 Dr.Gustavo Albear Abstract Who was Socrates and what was his relation to epistemology? Socrates was a classical Greek (Athenian) philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy. Epistemology is the branch of

beliefs continue to have a major influence on contemporary philosophy, especially have an effect on the fields of metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, political theory, and

about the everyday world, and how things are the way they are. In Philosophy, there are many different topics that are discussed. These topics include Epistemology, Ontology, Ethics, Political and Social Philosophy, Aesthetics, Logic, and more. The topic that will be discussed in this paper is Epistemology, or the study of knowledge. In Epistemology, there are sub categories as well. These are called Rationalism and Empiricism. Rationalism will be discussed in this paper, and there are two philosophers

antithetical dimensions. (p22) However, Saunders 2009 p.119 advocates that positivism can be understood through both ontology and epistemology views. It raises the confusion whether positivism should belong to ontology view and be connected to objectivism like what Bryman said or positivism should not be tied to objectivism and can also be comprehended through epistemology view like what Saunders proposed. In 2014, Hanson stated that the root of positivism could be constructive instead of being tied

Lakatos in his work “Falsificationism and the Methodology of Scientific Reseaerch Programmes”, stated that “The clash between Popper and Kuhn is not about a mere technical point in epistemology. It concerns our central intellectual values, and has implications not only for theoretical physics but also for the underdeveloped social sciences and even for moral and political philosophy” (Lakatos, 1970). Thus, this Popper-Kuhn debate is regarded as a milestone for philosophy of science in the 20th century.

The Athenian philosopher Plato is one of the most influential figures of the Ancient Greek World and the entire history of Western thought. Plato was a dedicated man who focused on his creation of philosophy that would justify Socrates, “the best, also the wisest” man he had ever known (Robephiles). Plato was the first to ask many questions that philosophers would be obsessing over for the next couple thousands of years. Over the lifetime of Plato, his most famous piece of work included his dialogue

René Descartes (1596-1650) was a French philosopher that developed epistemology, the theory that one should know how one knows something instead of just knowing what they know. He also encouraged the questioning of everything and rejecting scholastic knowledge as the complete and utmost truth unless it is supported by clear evidence. He influenced many people with his ideas, including François Poulain de la Barre. François Poulain de la Barre (1647-1725) was a writer, Cartesian and feminist philosopher

engenders the sexual difference through such dichotomised stereotypes (Jay 1981, Tickner 1997, Peterson 1997). Jay suggests that dichotomy of either/or resist change as this has a tendency of turning blind eye to the possibility of “alternative forms of social order” (Jay 1981). Similarly Eckl and Weber (2007) also point out that dichotomy such as North/South assigns certain roles and “rules for action” to states in international relations. They provide examples of how certain laws of World Trade Organization

perspective. In philosophy, questions can be categorized into various groups such as epistemology and metaphysics, mathematics and science, value theory, and philosophical traditions. These categories allow philosophers to not only focus on a group of similar topics, but also

Theory of Evolution, can be described as paradigm altering. This shift altered our consciousness of man, how he came into existence and the evolutionary steps to achieve the present form. Sociology, is the study of human’s social behavior. As we have already seen, a person’s social behavior is to a great extent dependent on his surroundings. A shift in a person’s consciousness is inevitable when he moves from a rural village to an urban city. Consciousness of a person changes as he now tries to adapt

published several papers dealing with scientific questions exploring the middle ground between rationalism and empiricism. Immanuel is one of the most distinguished philosophers in the Western Philosophy history. He had contributed to the metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and aesthetics that has had an intense impact on almost every day philosophical moment that surrounded him. When Kant was the age of 31, while he was tutoring, he published science papers, including "General Natural History and Theory

While philosophy may be considered by somebody as a one-piece field of knowledge, in reality, it consists of separate doctrines, sometimes quite different, which make one big whole. One of its groups may be formed of logic, epistemology, and metaphysics; the other one of ethics, philosophy of mind, language and science; the last one consists of separate groups which discuss the metaphysic science from ancient to modern times or philosophy of religion or politics and so on (Shand

We have listed textual evidences that imply value realism in Kant’s moral philosophy. However, a number of doubts remain whether Kant endorsed realism or value realism. There have been lots of scholars working on these issues. Kantian value realism, I think most famously Alison Hill’ Kantian value realism, has been widely discussed for different purposes. Alison Hill in the article Kantian value realism, evaluates Korsgaard and Wood’s explanation of the construction of moral and non-moral value

In the seventh book of his most famous work The Republic, Plato describes a tale popularly known as the Allegory of the Cave. This tale depicts a cave where many prisoners are chained and live in the dark with a single blaring fire in the distance. The tale prompts the character Glaucon, a fellow philosopher, to imagine there are shadows cast by fake creatures. The prisoners are not sure of what is real and what is not; only of the reality of the dark cave. However, there is more to life then living

Comparing Hume’s Casual Doctrine In the Enquiry and the Treatise Modern Philosophical Texts MA Course 0364481   The first definition of cause Hume presents in his Enquiry is ontological, whereas the second definition is psychological. The key blunder of the skeptic’s interpretation of the Enquiry is the supposition that both definitions are equal, and also the critical error of the supposition that from merely one experiment, an association of ideas can be derived. The aim of this paper is to

Allegory of the Cave vs The Good Brahmin Ruben Damian Corbo University of the People The Allegory of the Cave and The Good Brahmin are written by two different philosophers. Although they both do have some similarities about knowledge and enlightenment, they both have an undertone about knowledge some in a negative, but also very positive light. Also, comparing the two from completely different time periods, there’s a way of seeing how two different philosophers thought about knowledge

Although the concepts of truth are the same, no person will have the same exact definition of truth. Many people can share a truth, but none of them will always be the same. In O'Brien's The Things They Carried, there's an excerpt called How to Tell a True War Story, an example of O’Brien’s claim can be found when he talks about Mitchell Sanders’ story. It involves a troop that went into the mountains for a listening post operation. He mentions that these men began to hear strange echoes and music