Sunspot Essays

Little Ice Age, an interval of time between the fourteenth and nineteenth centuries wherein mean annual temperatures in the northern hemisphere declined about 1.1 degrees Fahrenheit (Rafferty 1). The effects of the Maunder Minimum, wherein decreased sunspot activity indicated lower solar output, resulting in less solar energy warming the earth, have been argued to be the cause of the Little Ice Age, or were at the very least related to it. The effects of the Little Ice Age were felt across Europe and

NASA’s SOHO database to observe and measure one sunspot (the same sunspot in different locations on both images). We looked at sunspots because its dark (due to magnetic activity and heat transfer) and easy to identify since there are few spots from a faraway perspective. were able to solve for the time period it takes for the sun to rotate on its axis using the following formulas: θ=sin⁡〖x/(R ')〗 where R’ is the radius of the circle the sunspot orbits, 〖θ=sin〗⁡〖x/R_sun 〗 , where R_sun is the

was motivated by which one of the following? The student answered, “By his observations of sunspots.” The instructor has crossed it as wrong. According to a peer-reviewed article, written by Kawaler, S. and Veverka, J. (1981) and published in Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, Vol. 75, Hershel’s observations of sunspots have led him to believe that they [i.e., the sunspots] “were holes in the outer luminous layers of the sun, through which we glimpse a dark, cold

Abstract A diversity of eruptions of energy and mass emerging from solar surfaces produced what we know as Solar Flames. The common indications of solar activity are sunspots, prominences, flames and coronal mass ejections which also includes plages and other linked phenomena seen at different wavelengths. All these engage in the sudden discharging of stored magnetic energy, which in turn accelerates the hot gases in the corona or near the surface of the sun. In some occasions, these particles reach

Dr. Onix squinted his eyes as he looked around the dimly lit room. The candles looked like firecrackers that illuminated the ominous painting hanging nearby. Besides the candles, and the paintings, and the desk, and the chairs, the doctor noticed nothing else in the vast room. It was just him, and realizing that he started to fidget in his seat. But the sound of footsteps coming out of nowhere startled him to ice. Wasn’t he alone? “Good evening, Dr. Onix,” the sound of a deep baritone unfroze the

developing the SunSpot; a website division that posts articles from the newspaper to the Internet during the

and reach Earth within an average of 3.5 days. These speeds also cause the particles to release energy in the form of heat, with temperatures recorded as high as 100 000K.Emissions reaching the Earth from the Sun nature of emissions approx. 150Sunspots represent regions of strong magnetic activity and lower temp approx. 150 words One of Galileo’s first observations of the sun, was that it’s surface is in fact not perfectly round and unblemished, rather that it is covered in irregular ‘patches’

and plasma released into the solar wind by the Sun’s corona in a phenomenon called a coronal mass ejection (CME). The frequency of CMEs closely follow the eleven year solar cycle of sunspot activity, occurring more often and with greater intensity as the cycle nears solar maximum and sunspot activity increases. Sunspots are regions of the sun that appear visibly darker than their surroundings due to flux in the Sun’s magnetic field; the altered magnetic field inhibits convection on the surface and

light. For the last 20% of the way to the surface the energy is carried more by convection than by radiation. The surface of the Sun, called the photosphere, is at a temperature of about 5800 K. Sunspots are "cool" regions, only 3800 K (they look dark only by comparison with the surrounding regions). Sunspots can be very large, as much as 50,000 km in

Our magnificent star, the Sun is the source of the life on our planet and all the events and changes on the Sun will affect the Earth. Here comes the importance of space weather studies, which concerns the study of the Sun and all its phenomena. The study of space climate includes both long-term average behavior and variations in the long-term averages, while space weather is concerning the short-term variation in the solar activity. One of the most important phenomena in the solar activity is the

humans thought about and saw the world around them by discovering sunspots, the phases of Mars and Venus, the 4 moons that orbited Jupiter, and the principle of inertia. Galileo also proved the legitimacy of the Copernican system of Heliocentrism, which not only had effects in the field of science, but also in other fields, such as trading and how traders navigated the oceans. Therefore, Galileo truly changed

play a role in global warming because of the increase in carbon dioxide measured in parts per million, but the number of sunspots is not increasing over the past century. Carbon dioxide from greenhouse gases are outweighing the effects from the sunspot cycles that are occurring every eleven years. The major effect that the sunspot cycles causes is a change in weather patterns. Sunspot cycles can not dramatically change the temperature of the Earth while fossil fuels burning can(Goddard Institute for

Energy transfer The Sun is a powerful star 93,000,000 miles away. It controls all life on Earth. Without it, the Earth would freeze. So how does a star transfer energy over 93,000,000 miles. It's a process that takes 100,000 years to get to Earth The start of the process is in the core, inner-most layer, of the interior, of the Sun. This core is made up of dense helium and hydrogen. In this layer, nuclear fusion occurs and atoms combine and turn into heat energy. The next layer, the radiative

also investigate the Third Programme record, ”a very prominent NASA solar physicist looked at the records particularly after Galileo started using a telescope to look at the sun in 1610” (Military history, question.8). There were lots of sunspots. However, the sunspots disappeared for over a century from 1640 with the cooling weather, and does not return until

Global warming is a serious topic that is affecting our world in a negative manner, many places are being affected by it harsher then other places, some areas are starting to flood and in other places there are record breaking heat waves. Many people argue that global warming is cause by mankind, that the action that mankind have are causing our plant to slowly die, while others are saying that global warming is being cause by nature that it is a natural event that is occurring, that it is done by

The Union of Concerned Scientists stated “Global warming is one of the most serious challenges facing us today.” Some people may say that global warming is a good exploit; others believe that it is false and is used to condone cleaning up the environment. Global warming is very risky to the Earth’s environment. Global warming is a change in global patterns that drastically affects the world itself. There are multiple things that can cause this drastic change, and multiple steps one could take to

Did you know that every day 38.2 billion tons of carbon dioxide is released into the earth’s atmosphere and the United States is the second biggest polluter in the world (Carbon Dioxide Emissions Rise to 2.4 Million Pounds per Second)? Global warming is the heating up of the earth’s average temperature causing the climate to be warmer too. EPA stands for the Environmental Protection Agency, who preserves the environment. EPA believes that the temperatures will continue to increase. Global warming

of North America had many theories to explain the displays including that is was; dancing spirits, an evil thing, a creator reminder, or an omen of war. However, in the late 1800’s, scientists suspected a connection between the Northern Lights and sunspot activity.

[3] -The photosphere has temperature about 5,800 degrees Kelvin, Sunspot has about 3,800 degrees K.[4] -Sunspot is really large which has 50,000 kilometers diameter. [4] -The solar cycle is an approximately 11 years repetition. [3] Space Propulsion and Orbital Mechanics  1.Hohmann Transfer - A orbit can take a spacecraft from Earth to

today. The next year he distributed his first results, where he portrayed the highlands and "oceans" of the Moon, four of Jupiter's biggest moons, and numerous newfound stars ("Galileo Galilei."). He likewise found the phases of Venus’ course and sunspots on the sun, consequently affirming that the Sun pivots on point in the center, and that the planets circle around the Sun, instead of Earth in the center of the universe. Galileo felt that most planetary circles are round, when they are actually