Y chromosome Essays

1. Describe risk assessment in genetic counseling Genetic risk should be estimated as precisely as possible as it is an important component of genetic testing and counseling, and for family decision making. It is always good to take out extra information from pedigree charts and genetic testing as it can improve the accuracy of risk assessment drastically. The risk can be calculated using Bayesian analyses. Among populations, families or individuals within the same family have significantly different

Super male syndrome Nick Robbertse 47, XYY syndrome is characterized by an extra copy of the Y chromosome in each of a male’s cell. Although males with this XYY syndrome may be taller than the average man, Most males with 47, XYY syndrome have normal sexual development and are allegeable to father children. XYY syndrome has increased risk of learning disabilities and delayed development of speech and other language skills. Delayed development of motor

only affects males. The mothers can pass the disease through the X chromosome; therefore, it is denoted as an x-linked recessive disease. This disease can affect approximately 1 in 380,000 births. Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome is an inborn fault of purine metabolism. There are an abundance of symptoms associated with this genetically rare disease. Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome only affects males, because it is only associated on the X chromosome and it is recessive, hence females will not be affected by this disease

Make a short summary of the novel that will remind the others of the story The curious incident of the dog in the night-time is a book about a boy named Christopher. One night he finds his neighbour's dog dead, with a pitchfork in it. In my opinion this is where I instantly got interested in the book. But yea Christopher gets curious about it and gets caught standing next to the dead dog with the pitchfork inside it therefor becoming a suspected dog killer. He decides to write a book In which

1. Photographic images of chromosomes are arranged into matched and ordered pairs to create a karyotype. Each species of organism is characterized by a particular number of chromosome in each cell. The nucleus of each somatic or body cell of a human contain 46 chromosomes, which form 23 pairs, of which 22 are matched or homologous. The 23rd pair, which is matched in female (XX) but unmatched in males (XY), is called a heterosome. Because these chromosomes determine the sex of an individual, they

molecule is packaged into a thread – like structure called chromosomes and they are responsible for carrying genetic information in the form of genes. There are two types of sex chromosomes: the X chromosome and the Y chromosome. All humans have a pair of sex chromosomes. Women have an XX pair and men have an XY pair. Girls inherit an X chromosome from each parent whereas boys inherit an X chromosome from their mother and an Y chromosome from their father. The chances of a child inheriting the

together by a centromere. This becomes a chromosome, which then travels through the process of meiosis. Meiosis is how cellular information passes from one generation to the next because in this cycle, the egg and sperm containing genetic information from the paternal and maternal figure are created. When the egg and sperm go through fertilization, the cellular information from the parents are within the new,

Introduction The human genome consists of 23 pairs of chromosomes. 22 of those pairs are homologous and autosomal. The 23rd pair is the sex determining pair of chromosomes. In females, the chromosomes are homologous, namely the karyotype XX. Males, however, have heterologous sex chromosomes, namely the karyotype XY. The differences in primary sex characteristics, i.e. developing testes or ovaries, are not entirely determined by the Y chromosome. Instead, there is a cascade of different and specific

Syndrome Website Lecture Group 3 Background The Chromosome Chromosomes are located in the nucleus of cells. They are what make up the genetic information that allows all organisms to be unique. Chromosomes consist of Deoxyribonucleic acid that are bundled up tightly to form the larger chromosome structure. In human cells there are usually 46 chromosomes. 23 inherited from the father called paternal and 23 from the mother called maternal. On the 46 chromosomes there are alleles that code for certain traits

is plenary of meaning because Andrew Leicester’s title, The G-Nome Project, is a play on two relevant words genome and gnome. One of the words is genome which is a scientific term for a complete set of chromosomes in a cell or organism. In

Triple-X Syndrom By:Alli Wildman There are an estimated 12 million Americans that have a genetic disorder. A typical male’s sex chromosomes is one X and one Y and a typical female’s sex chromosome is two X’s. Triple-X syndrome (Trisomy X) is when a female’s sex chromosome to have three X's instead of the normal two. Trisomy X’s symptoms are diagnosed to what causes this disease. Trisomy X is not inherited. Doctors will prescribe or suggested treatment by going to counseling or getting help with school

Turner Syndrome Turner Syndrome occurs in females who lack part or all of their second X chromosome. Their genotype for sex chromosomes is XO. Almost all people (approximately 95%) with Turner Syndrome have a short stature and signs of ovarian failure. It can be treated with hormone therapies. The severity of problems caused by Turner Syndrome varies among different individuals. At its most mild, someone with Turner Syndrome could be mostly affected only in appearance and have only slight or no medical

Engineering & Biotechnology University of Dhaka Date: 19th April, 2015 Klinefelter Syndrome Klinefelter’s Syndrome (KS) also known as 47, XXY is a sex chromosomal abnormality. It is a form of aneuploidy whereby the male patient has an extra X chromosome. The primary hallmark of the disease is male sexual sterility. The symptoms are sometimes subtle and only discovered late into adolescence. Some symptoms become prominent after puberty such as hypogonadism, development of breasts, less body hair

Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome A report by Okafor Gift Onyinye A student from the department of Molecular Biology and Genetics. Introduction The Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS), was found by Michael Lesch and William Nyhan and has provided the first detailed clinical description of Lesch-Nyhan disease in 1964, is a rare inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine metabolism: hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT). (1) Epidemiology The

According to the World Health Organization, genetic disorders affect one in every twenty-five children born worldwide. We humans, along with all other known organisms, possess genes in our cells that determine everything about how we look and function. Occasionally, an organism may inherit a faulty gene, causing it to have one or several detrimental characteristics known as genetic disorders. This may also occur due to environmental factors that the organism is exposed to, such as ultraviolet radiation

2 Discussion Questions Mitosis and meiosis are the two noteworthy procedures by which eukaryotic cells duplicate. Look into the procedures of mitosis and meiosis. Consider the stages required in each and their inevitable products. How are the distinctions naturally critical with respect to development and proliferation? Be set up to talk about how life is reliant upon both sorts of cell multiplication. Meiosis is the procedure of two genes which originate from a mother and a father and the characteristics

Hand Injuries in Basketball Basketball is a high impact sport. Aside from the frequent wear and tear of your feet, knees and hips, let’s not forget about your hands. Without your hands in great condition, you can’t dribble the ball, pass the ball to your teammates, shoot or dunk the ball, block your opponent’s pass or shoot, and you can’t get the rebound. With all these different hand maneuvers in this sport, your hands are at risk of sustaining hand injuries. Whether you’re a rookie or a seasoned

Hair is seen as a very important feature on both genders in many generations throughout the years. Hair is a dead cell and is made of keratin that is a tough protein. In the hair bulb, living cells divide and grow to build the hair shaft. A cause of hair loss is stress, illness, genetics etc. In order for hair loss to be avoided, hair should be nourished from the inside and out. It is important for every individual to care about his or her lifestyle. One of the main features on a human body that

Meiosis Introduction Meiosis is a special type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes in daughter cells is reduced to half, as compared to the parent cell. It takes place in diploid cells only, in animals at the time of gamete production while in plants when spores are produced .There are two meiotic divisions. The first meiotic division is the reduction division whereas the second meiotic division is just like mitosis . Meiosis I It is divided into many sub divisions: • Prophase I

Brooke Martin Report #2 - Prader-Willi Syndrome Prader-Willi Syndrome, an imprinted disorder, is caused by the absence of paternal chromosome fifteen, at least in approximately seventy percent of all cases. In other unlikely cases, a child may have inherited two copies of chromosome fifteen from its mother, which is referred to as maternal uniparental disomy. Similarly, in vitro fertilisation may increase the risk of a mother birthing a child with an imprinted disorder. PWS can cause delayed development