Ap Human Geography Chapter Review Essay

Chapter Review (pg. 6-29)

A: Human migration across the globe was the complete spread of the human species over much of the earth’s surface. The species began in eastern Africa; most types of humans come from this region, in the present day countries of Tazmania, Kenya, and Uganda. Main discoveries, especially fire and the use of animal skins for clothing-both of which allowed people to live in colder climates-facilitated the spread of Paleolithic groups. The first people moved out of Africa about 750,000 years ago. Humans dating from 600,000 and 350,000 years ago have been found in China and Southeast Asia, mainly.

B: Agricultural societies first emerged from evidence that states that the earliest agriculture was practiced around modern

Mesopotamia was the first complex civilization to be developed. Civilizations have been well known by their means of subsistence, types of living, settlement forms, forms of government, economic systems, literacy, social stratification, and other cultural behaviors.

E: Geography influenced the rise of civilization because it has to be able to maintain many people. Many civilizations started different bodies of water, because if they want to live, they have to consume water. Others live in places where there were a lot of animals to hunt for. Others lived by mountains or on mountains for protection from other tribes. Then there are civilizations that migrated for better weather.

F: The political, social, economic, and religious institutions were the highly organized societies such as cities that emerged. This resulted in a very organized society with many specialized careers such as farmers to warriors and so on. Now that there are so many specialized people around it was possible to build big buildings much more easily than before they had people with specialized jobs. Some structures they built were pyramids or Sumerian

6-29)

A: Paleolithic (Old Stone) Age- second part of the Stone Age beginning about

750,000 to 500,000 years BC and lasting until the end of the last ice age about

8,500 years BC.

B: Neolithic (New Stone) Age- latest part of the Stone Age beginning about 10,000

BC in the Middle East.

C: Slash and Burn Agriculture-A form of agriculture in which an area of forest is cleared by cutting and burning and is then planted, usually for several seasons, before being left to return to the forest.

D: Neolithic Revolution- the origin and consequences the introduction of Agriculture, domestication of animals, and a more sedentary life during the later part of the Stone Age.

E: Pastoralism- the practice of herding as the primary economic activity of a society.

F: Domestication- to convert anything to domestic uses or tame.

G: Sedentary- tending to spend much time seated or somewhat inactive.

H: Civilization- the stage of human social and development organization that is considered more advanced.

I: Institution- a society or organization founded for a religious, educational, social, or similar purpose.

J: Patriarchal- of, relating to, or characteristic of a patriarch.

K: Animism, Polytheism, and