The aim and objectives of this assignment is to express the differences between Anatomy and Physiology, the components of the Circulatory System and the blood. To give detailed description and diagram of the heart also to explain the flow of blood and The Cardiac Cycle. This Assignment includes a detailed study of a disease or condition involving the Cardiovascular System. To carry out a primary piece of research regarding the chosen condition or disease using a case study or a survey on the particular chosen disease or condition regarding the Cardiovascular system.
Anatomy:
Anatomy is the identification and description of the structures of living things. Anatomy is a branch of biology and medicine which can be divided into three broad areas:
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Arteries carry blood away from the heart, and veins carry it toward the heart. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels with very thin walls made up of only one layer of cells. Arterioles are very small arteries which branch to form capillaries. Capillaries join to form tiny veins called venules. Materials are exchanged between the blood and cells through the thin walls of the capillaries. The inner layer of blood vessels is lined with endothelial cells that create a smooth passage for the transit of blood. This inner layer is surrounded by connective tissue and smooth muscle that enable the blood vessel to expand or contract. Arteries are thicker the veins to hold the pressure of the blood being pumped from the heart. Blood in the veins is low pressure. Veins have one-way valves to prevent backflow of blood to the heart. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessel in the body. The arteries, veins and capillaries are divided into two circulatory systems: systemic and …show more content…
When its full the pressure causes the bicuspid and tricuspid valves to open and blood flows into the ventricles. Contraction of each atrium now forces any remaining blood into the ventricles. The ventricles now contract (systole) and the atria relax (diastole). The pressure closes the bicuspid and tricuspid valves causing the first sound of the heartbeat. The contraction of the ventricles opens the semilunar valves, forcing blood into the pulmonary artery and aorta. The ventricles now relax (diastole) and any backflow of blood causes the semilunar valves to close causing the second sound of the heartbeat. Cardiac muscle never tires. The heart has its own blood supply from the coronary arteries which come from the aorta and the coronary veins which empty into the vena cava. A blockage in the coronary artery causes a heart attack. The heartbeat is controlled by the pacemaker, situated in the walls of the right atrium. It starts a wave of muscular contraction through the heart from atria to
The Pintails heart is like a mammals consisting of four chambers, two ventricles and two atria. The left ventricle pumps blood to all major organs in the body and throughout the rest, only excluding the lungs. This causes the left ventricle to be larger and more muscular. The lungs are fed blood from the right ventricle, which is the only the only function of that ventricle. The oxygenated blood coming from the lungs is fully separated from the oxygenated blood coming from other parts of the body.
Arteries deliver oxygenated blood to the capillaries, where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. An artery's muscle helps it expand and contract in rhythm with the heart beating to keep blood moving through the system. Capillaries connect veins and arteries to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide. Thin and weak, capillaries are only as thick as one epithelial cell. Blood passes through capillaries one cell at a time, single file.
The walls of veins are far thinner and the lumen passage much larger. The walls are not muscular and blood is pushed through the vessels by the action of skeletal muscles. Veins carry deoxygenated blood (dark red) to the heart, except for the pulmonary veins which carry oxygenated blood. Blood pressure is very low in the veins, so there are valves in the endothelial layer which prevent the back flow of blood (Tucker, 2015).
There are three main types of blood vessels that help blood flow through your heart. They are Arteries - They carry oxygen rich blood away from the heart to all of your body tissues. Which get smaller and smaller the farther they get away from the heart. Capillaries - Which Are small thin blood vessels that connect the arteries and the veins together.
The cells include red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. The red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs and give blood its red color. The white blood cells fight infections. The platelets help form clots to stop bleeding in case of a cut.
The left ventricle is the primary pumping chamber, and heart failure normally begins on the left side. At the point when the left ventricle can't contract enough, it is called systolic heart failure. At the point when the left ventricle can't load with enough blood, it is called diastolic heart failure. You can have a blend of both sorts of heart
This type of shock occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood effectively. This is evident to patients who have had myocardial infarction, such as John’s case. In this illness, the heart has decreased contractility resulting to decreased cardiac output. Such decrease will stimulate the sympathetic nervous system to activate the compensatory mechanism by increasing the heart rate as evident in John’s vital sign to increase the peripheral pressure and ventricular
Electrical signals begin at the SA node, bringing about atria contraction, and after that proceed onward to AV node, postponing electrical impulses to permit blood from the atrium to fill the ventricles. Signals move from the AV node to the heap of His and after that to the Prukinje fibers, which then permit the ventricles to contract. A heartbeat includes a contraction stage systole and an unwinding stage diastole. These contractions of the heart are animated by electrical impulses which begin from the nodes that are available in the heart; sino-atrial (SA node) and the atrioventricular (AV node). These nodes are bunches of nerve of
Blood is considered a connective tissue due to the fact that it essentially binds bodily systems together by way of nutrients, hormones, oxygen, and the disposal of waste. Furthermore, its make up is similar to that of traditional connective tissues, being a derivative of embryologically. 1. Red Blood Cell’s ability to carry oxygen stems from them being filled with hemoglobin, which is highly attracted to the chemical. The main component in this equation is the ‘heme’ portion of hemoglobin, which holds iron in the center of the four-polypeptide chains in the protein.
Harvey William Harvey’s seminal work “On the Motion on the Heart and Blood in Animals” initiated modern medicine. Harvey’s arguments were detailed readily verifiable and though they did endure a fair bit of criticism when released, in most areas, they were accepted within his lifetime. Once his simple notion of the circulation of blood was carefully described others were able to see and understand its validity themselves. I will argue that William Harvey’s theory which used inductive reasoning to show, with experiments, how blood flowed from veins to arteries through the heart and deduced the existence of capillaries to return blood from arteries to veins. One of the main understandings of the day, proposed by Galen of Pergamon nearly 1500 years earlier, was that blood was a resource that was produced in the liver and consumed in the tissues and the brain.
In other words, the increase in stroke volume occurs as a result of improved ventricular force of contraction. Heterometric and homeometric control governs myocardial force of contraction. While homeometric control is independent of the myocardial fibres length at the end of diastole, heterometric control depends on this length of myocardial fibres at the diastole end and is mainly influenced by the venous return (Agarwal et al. CC06). The respiratory pump, as well as venoconstriction skeletal muscle pump, influences the rise in venous return during physical activity.
Tissues are complex units made up of a group of numerous similar cells that together carry out a specific function. The study of tissue is known as histology, whereas, in connection with disease it is known as histopathology. Organs An organ is a collection of tissues joined in a structural unit to perform a common function. An organ consists of different types of tissues.
And it was pretty easy to identify the veins from the arteries because they had taking latex die and colored them different colors one was blue and one was red so we could tell the difference between
The human body is an amazing thing made up of many different parts. These parts are cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems. For starters, one type of cell makes up one type of tissue. Next, two or more types of tissues make an organ. Then, a few organs working together make an organ system.
In this process when an injury occurs to a blood vessel, causing bleeding the platelets start to stick to the injured blood vessel and release chemicals to attract other platelets. 4. Then as more platelets start sticking together they soon form a temporary clot V. The blood vessels guide blood and help the blood travels through our body.