1. What were the sources of religious discontent that preceded the Reformation? The religious discontent was because of first and foremost, the sale of indulgences. Priests believed that if they sold pieces of paper to the peasants that the peasants would be cleared of their sins and have a step forwards towards an afterlife in heaven, instead of purgatory. With this money, priests lived luxurious lives. Most of the time, they did not even preach. They would hire cheap priests to preach and do their jobs while they would spend their time practicing clerical immortality-neglecting being celibate, gambling, and even making costly prices. They also participated in clerical pluralism, in which they had more land and churches than should be allowed. …show more content…
Previously, Catholics held all the power but after the Protestant Reformation, their power was greatly limited. Protestants did not want to listen and follow Catholics so instead there was a very week political government. Princes followed either religion and those who disagreed limited the power of those princes. Socially, Europe became a time for questioning religion. Different forms of Protestantism formed, many of which started fights with other groups of Protestants. Everyone was forced to choose a side in the matter. 10. Discuss the causes and effects of the English Reformation. How does Edward VI, Mary I, and Elizabeth I contribute to its success or failure? The English Reformation lead to a drastic change in England based on a single King’s wishes. King Henry VIII desired to begin a new church that would allow him to divorce his wife. He began the Church of England and demanded that his kids follow in his footsteps. Anyone who disagreed with King Henry was executed and the politics of England changed too. Rebellions over this new Church began and many were killed and unhappy. After he died and Edward became the successor, Edward VI lead to a lead in Protestantism, more specifically, Calvinism. Mary’s reign lead to a switch back to Catholicism. She married one of the strongest supporters of Catholicism, Philip II of Spain, and many Protestants left England in search of religious freedom. Lastly, Elizabeth …show more content…
Edward VI did not do much but he did introduce the choice of following Protestantism or not. This allowed for religious diversity, until Mary brought back the Catholic beliefs. That scared many away from England and left the country in fear. Finally, Elizabeth returned the country to its normal state with sensible religious rules allowing some religious diversity. She is the one who brought the success and without her England likely would not be the country that it is today. 11. Why can the Roman Catholic Church’s Response be called a “Counter Reformation?” Why can it also be called a “Catholic Reformation?” The Roman Catholic Church was called a “Counter Reformation” because the intent of the reformation was to gain supporters back to Catholicism and to improve Catholic practices. It was a response to the Protestant Reformation which gives it the name of countering. It can also be called the Catholic Reformation because it did not entirely change, it was more so a change in the practices of the Catholic Church rather than to combat
The Protestant Reformation was a cultural and political change that splintered the Catholic Church in Europe. Reformers like Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Henry VIII challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s ability to define Christian practice. The person that had the most responsibility for this rebellion is Martin Luther. People agreed with his beliefs against the catholic church and they followed him. The Protestant Reformation affected people a lot by either unifying them or dividing them.
The Protestant Reformation was a movement that spread throughout Europe, in which started in 1517. The Reformation affected Europe politically and socially. Feelings leading up to the Reformation were very religious, and very much full of disrespect. In document 2, written by Martin Luther in the 95 Theses, many people were very bitter of the church’s idea of “the money box.
European countries in the late 1500’s were typically split between Protestantism and Catholicism due to the Protestant Reformation in session. Philip II of Spain was a strong, dominant Catholic leader in the late 15th century. He wished to see England stay Catholic as it was with the old Queen, Queen Mary (Bloody Mary) who was a harsh Catholic leader. But Elizabeth was Protestant unlike her sister Mary, she converted them to a non-strict form of Protestantism.
Historians argue that there were many causes of the Protestant Reformation, but there was one main issue that instigated its formation. Economically, resentment of the Church’s wealth and taxes influenced the drive for reformation and particularly, other European leaders. In the same respect, the Church’s growing political authority and push for power troubled such leaders. Despite the perceived supreme power of the Church in Europe, the religious affairs and corruption amongst the Church’s leaders were more important causes of the reformation. An increased disdain and mistrust of the Church dominated the opinion of the public and further supported the idea of reformation.
During the late 15th and early 16th centuries, the countries of Europe began to develop a rift. This was caused by a movement known as the Reformation. The Reformation was jump-started by the posting of Martin Luther’s 95 Theses. Luther urged for the reform of the Catholic Church and its ideas. The proponents of his reform convinced many of the common people to reconsider the foundations of their religious beliefs, as well as the structures of their communities.
The Protestant Reformation was the 16th century religious, political, social, and economic upheaval which was an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of the Protestant church. The Northern Christian Humanists of centuries before believed that the Christian faith had once been a simple religion that had been twisted and distorted through time by the incompetent papal authority. The Reformation completely changed the medieval way of life in Western Europe and introduced the era of modern history. Even though the movement dates from the early 16th century, when Martin Luther first challenged the authority of the church, the conditions had existed for hundreds of years. Religious and intellectual aspects were
The Protestant Reformation had a huge impact in all Europe in the sixteen century, but which ones were the factors that lead to it? It is very important to highlight that the European Christianity was falling into a noticeable corruption of its popes and some other high position members. Robbery, and even warriors were among of some factors that took the Cristian Church to a declining path. One of these examples was the Pope Julius II, which one won the nickname “the warrior pope” because he led armies against people. Furthermore, the church was not the only factor promoting this reformation, some other social changes were occurring with the masses in Europe; many of the peasants were being free especially in the western Europe.
The establishment of the Roman Inquisition and the Index of Forbidden books, the condemnation of Protestant teachings by the Council of Trent, Catholic polemical writings and the Wars of Religion are usually assigned to the Counter Reformation . The Council of Trent helped both movements in that set the groundwork for the what the ideal Catholic Church would be as well as reaffirm its practices that conflicted with Protestant beliefs along with consolidating the beliefs of the Catholic Church. Instead of corrupt popes at the head of the movement there was Paul III, Paul IV, Pius V, and Sixtus V who took the extreme opposite style of life that the Church hadn’t seen since the 11th century which was living a life of righteous . Although it didn’t put an end to the Protestant belief that they hoped what came about was a more unified and controlled Catholic Church which laid the groundwork for what we know
The Reformation was a time in Europe in the 1500s in which people questioned the beliefs of the Catholic Church. There were many changes made by the catholic church. The people that were responsible were Martin Luther, John Calvin and King Henry VIII. The Protestant Reformation of 16th century Europe was primarily the result of three men and their disagreements with the Catholic Church; Martin Luther, John Calvin, and King Henry VIII forever changed the religious landscape of Europe.
In the days of England stretching from 1558 to 1603, Queen Elizabeth I embarked on a total reformation of the English culture. The way that she used said reformation was the reformation of the English Church, making the church protestant. By removing all reminisce all traces of the Catholic faith in the church, being English became synonymous with being protestant. As the Queen lived, Protestantism lived on in England, but when the Queen passed, there was a new ruler in-charge. When King James I came to power, he didn’t believe in the protestant faith, therefore, causing many problems that would arise for him such as religious, parliamentary, and generational issues.
The Protestant Reformation began with a movement made by a monk simply to criticize and challenge the actions of the Church. From the disapproval of selling indulgence to the demand of equality, multiple forces have sparked the inception of the Protestant Revolution. Martin Luther’s decision to take public stand against the Church was revolutionary to the society. A movement for religious reforms, known as the Protestant Reformation, was born. Luther’s beliefs were soon adopted by and appealed to every levels of society.
King Henry VIII separated England from the Catholic church and created his own church since he thought he barely had power compared to someone like the Pope and craved more power (Ellis 351-352). This all started when the Pope did not approve of King Henry’s will of divorce and from there everything else went onward (Ellis 352). After the reformation took place, Queen Elizabeth took over the reforms of the Catholic Church. What she did was have both the Protestant and Catholics agree. Elizabeth was able to restore the unity of England while she had the power to (Ellis 352).
The Protestant and English reformation were both reforms that took place in the 16th century against the Roman Catholic Church. Comparatively these reformations are alike and different in some sense. For example, Two leaders led these reforms and went against the church’s beliefs for different purposes. For personal reasons , King Henry VIII went against the church, whereas Martin Luther knew the church could not offer him salvation amongst other reasons. Before becoming a monk, Martin Luther was once a law student .
The Middle Ages were the era of Reformation. The Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation, and the Catholic counter-reformation were all major reform movements that brought about much needed change. However, these three movements strongly disagreed with each other. Why did they disagree? Because they had different perspectives concerning Christianity and the church’s authority.
Another main factor was Pope Leo X. Pope Leo X wanted to build St. Peter’s Basilica, but he didn’t have enough money so he began to sell indulgences. Indulgences were pardons issued by the pope that people could