When it comes to Federal Reserve, they have a lot of policies to keep track of. There are two main policies that the Federal Reserve have to watch for and they are the Expansionary Fiscal policy and the Expansionary Monetary policy. Now with these two policies, the Federal Reserve Banking does have a lot to think about. They have to think about what is best for the people, the business, etc. They also have to understand what parts do these policies have and how can they be used to help instead of hurt. So people can get the wrong idea when it comes to these policies and the Federal Reserve. Now with the Federal Reserve Banking there are some things that people need to understand. The first can be just what the Federal Reserve is because …show more content…
So first there is aggregate demand, which just like the word said, it’s demanding. Aggregate Demand “is the relationship between the aggregate price level and the quantity of output.” When it comes to aggregate demand, or AD, it “can either increase or decrease depending on several things, like exchange rates, distribution of income, expectations, foreign income, and monetary and fiscal policies.” When it comes to the expansionary fiscal policy, “it causes AD to increase” (Aggregate Demand, 2006). When it comes to the Fed, I think that the Fed has to make sure that aggregate demand has to help people and business without bringing both the people and the business …show more content…
Now the monetary policy and the expansionary fiscal policy are different but the same goal is that it has to end up helping people. The monetary policy “refers to what the Fed, does to influence the amount of money and credit in the United States economy.” Some of the main goals of the monetary policy “are to promote maximum employment, stable prices and moderate long term interest rates” (Federal Resave Education). Just like the expansionary fiscal policy, the monetary policy does have its own tools to help the
I will describe how expansionary activities by the FED impacts credit availability, money supply, interest rates, and security prices. The FED uses expansionary activities to control credit availability to banks either up or down depending on what it sees as needed. This is done through the ratio rate. The lower the rate the more money a bank has to loan. The lower the rate the less money the bank has to keep on hand which means the bank has more money to loan(Tarver, E.,2015, May 28).
The Fed is often aiming to achieve a goal of maximum employment or near-zero unemployment. However, the goal of maximum employment conflicts with the goal of stable prices. Usually, the Fed aims to reduce prices, but that usually causes unemployment to rise. Generally, attempts are made to guarantee that there aren’t any significant price drops or increases.
The author of the article, Zoe Thomas, does an obvious understanding of this and shows it throughout her article. The article states that, “...when it comes to the Federal Reserve, many Americans feel their central bank is broken, pointless or at worst bad for the country,” (Thomas). This is perfectly shown in this article. Thomas does a good job of explaining the reasoning with many points throughout the article and helping the reader truly understand almost everything about this argument. In example, “...the Fed's decision to bailout the banks has shaped many Americans' current distrust of the central banking system more than the prolonged period of low interest rates,” (Thomas).
The Fed is a crucial force in the economy and the banking. The Fed was created by the Federal Reserve Act, which president Woodrow Wilson signed on December 23,1913. Before it was signed The United States was the only major financial power without an central bank. The Fed has wide energy to act to guarantee monetary steadiness, and it is the essential controller of banks that are individuals from the Federal Reserve System.
On December 23rd, 1913 the Federal Reserve was created. Prior to this congress discussed their concerns about the banking system in the United States. Many Americans were fearful that the banking system was not stable, and that they would later worry about the liquidity of their assets. The ways the US banking system was operating was very antiquated. So they took initiative to write reforms on how the banking system can improve ie.
Prior to the Great Depression, the Federal Reserve Board was created and in 1913 it was meant to act as a lender to prevent bank failures. It acted as a sort of guard for the banks. In the years before the Stock Market Crash, the Federal Reserve Board made market interest rates and low reserve requirements that were beneficial to large banks. Surprisingly, money was becoming abundant in the US. The Federal Reserve board finally realised they could no longer continue what they had been doing.
As one bank failed people not even using that bank saw the panic and would withdraw their deposits even when a bank was not in any danger of failing. Because of the widespread panics that were driving banks out of business banks needed an emergency reserve so in times of panic they would have the supply to keep up with the demand of the withdrawals. Due to the severe panic in 1907, that wreaked havoc on the banking systems, it led to Congress creating the federal reserve act. The federal reserve regulates banks and makes emergency loans if they ever run short of money so there would be fewer panics. The federal reserve is known as the lender of last resort in times of crisis.
The Federal Reserve controls over the federal fund rates give it the ability to influence the general level of short-term market interest rates. The Fed has three main tools at its disposal to influence monetary policy which are the open-market operations, discount rate, and reserve requirements. b. Monetary policy is the actions of a central bank, currency board or other regulatory committee that determine the size and rate of the money supply, which in turn affects interest rates. The concept of Monetary Policy simply stated is that the cost of credit is reduced, more people and firms will borrow money and the economy will heat up. c. The controls that Federal Reserve used worked because the use of the three main tools the Fed uses is the most important that can manipulate monetary policy.
The Federal Reserve is a scam and the cause of wars, boom-bust cycles, inflation, depression, and prosperity. As it was planned and created by the richest and most powerful people of that time, it was evident that the primary goal was to secure more money for the rich. The Federal Reserve also has the ability to create money from nothing and that it causes economic instability, and drives up inflation. This is shown because there is no actual money held at the location as with banks, and instead they print more money even when there is no new income in the
The Fed’s main desirable goals are low unemployment, economic growth, price stability or low inflation, and financial market stability. The Federal Reserve’s profession is to also encourage a “sound banking system” and a well economy. To reach this goal, the Federal Reserve has to fulfill as “the banker’s bank, government’s bank, and the nation’s money manager” (Investopedia). The Fed also sells and saves the government’s securities, which supplies the country’s paper currency.
People withdraw money from the banks which then decreases the amount of money that the bank can lend. Since the Fed now holds that money, the amount of money in the economy
This is their field of expertise. After reading Chapter 29 and other articles I feel that if the government was in power of the Federal Reserve System and had the ability to influence all their decisions we would be in a very messy system. It is a well-known fact that you cannot make everyone happy, so when you have all the political parties chiming in your ear telling you what to do it doesn’t allow our experts in the Federal Reserve System to use their expertise and make the correct calls. There should not be any room for bias. For example, I feel that if the government had complete control they would be very tempted to just print more money to cover their debts… and while before this class I probably would have thought “well, what’s the problem with that?”
3.1.1. Monetary Policy Monetary Policies are the decisions guided by the monetary authority to manage the money supply or to change the interest rate to influence the rate of economic growth. When the monetary authority (or central bank) lowers the interest rates, it reduces the cost of borrowing which encourages people to take loans and mortgages; it also encourages investment. On top of that, people will become more willing to spend instead of saving. As a result, it increases the aggregate demand in the country.
Fed uses expansionary monetary activities to keep the economic growth at a healthy 2-3% (Amaden, 2017). Fed will release more money to enhance liquidity. How will Fed do it? Buy its Treasuries through the open market operations. This will provide banks with more money available for making loans.
However, by using contractionary monetary policy, the central bank can act without political pressures. The above graph shows how when interest rates are high (Pl1), the demand for money drops from AD1 to AD2. The decrease in Aggregate demand reestablishes the economy at equilibrium where the economy is at its full potential