Recently, a burglar broke into the Great Harvest Bread Bakery. The culprit escaped before the police arrived, but left behind an empty bag with a few grains of white powder. The police were able to narrow down the list to seven powders: cornstarch, aspirin, powdered sugar, baking soda, baking powder, enriched flour and Coffee Mate creamer. The unknown powder was sent to Beaverton Forensics Lab to be identified. Flame, iodine, solubility, vinegar, and melting point tests were conducted in order to compare the unknown powder to the 7 powders. Also, the powders were viewed under a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and a Leica microscope. Iodine Test The Iodine Test is used to detect starch and other other polysaccharides. The glucose units …show more content…
Because vinegar is acidic, if it is poured on carbonate, then the carbonate will dissolve. The remains will be salt and water. Carbon dioxide will be released from the solution in the form of bubbles. So, if a powder contains carbonate it will bubble when vinegar is poured on top. Solubility in Water Solubility is the property of a solute to dissolve in a solvent to form a solution. Pouring and mixing the powders in water will test their solubility. A highly soluble powder will dissolve in the water without leaving an traces of solid powder. A less soluble powder would somewhat dissolve, but remains of the powder would gather on the bottom of the container. Ph Test The Ph test is a way to determine whether a solution is an acid or a base. Acids contain high concentrations of Hydrogen ions. Bases contain high concentrations of Hydrogen Oxide ions. The Ph scale goes from 0-14. If the Ph is closer to 0, then the solution contains more H+ ions. If the Ph is closer to 14, then the solution contains more OH+ ions. If the Ph is exactly 7, then the liquid is neutral. Water is the most common neutral liquid. The Ph of a liquid can be found using color coded Ph strips which react to the number of H+ and OH+ ions. To find the Ph of these powders, they were mixed with water, forming an acid or base
The last test was called the Acidity test. The Acidity test gives us the alkalinity and acid of a stream. On the Ph scale it goes from 0 to 14. A stream with a great abundance of life will probably have a reading of 7 on the scale( which is near neutral). Here are the results from some of the tests.
Since 1883, the Kroger Company has had an intensive background in American Culture. The moving force behind the Company was contributed to Bernard Henry Barney, he invested $372 and founded the first store The Great Western Tea Company in 1883. “The son of a merchant, he ran his business with a simple motto be particular, never sells anything you would not want yourself”. (Kroger Company Fact Book) His philosophy and motto are equally important today, and most desirable to the company’s customer’s base.
1. How has Panera bread established a unique position in the restaurant industry? How has this unique position contributed to its success? Panera Bread accomplishment to secure a remarkable position in the restaurant business by repositioned their restaurant to another classification in the restaurant business, called "quick cool".
Starch solution is then placed into the test tube at a quantity of 5 mL. 5 drops of Lugol’s Iodine solution is added to the test tube. If the color changes, then it is known that starches are present in the solution. Proteins are next tested. In order to do this, 5 mL of gelatin solution is added to the test tube. 10 drops of Biuret’s reagent are added to test for protein.
-Acids ionize in a flowing solution to produce hydrogen ions. -Bases produce hydroxide ions. The acid hydrogen fluoride (HF) can be dissolve in pure water. Will the pH of the solution be greater or less than 7?
Some include, chemical testing, biological tests, and physical observations. Chemical testing consists of testing for the amount of nitrates, phosphates, the pH values, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity. These aspects of the river were all tested because they can show how healthy the river is. Testing these aspects is very simple but requires a tool kit. After the testing is done, in order to determine how healthy the river actually is, tests can be done to show the levels of chemicals, water clarity, the temperature and more.
I organized four different tests; pH paper, alkalinity tests, the number of rocks neutralizing acid, and the number of rocks that don’t neutralize acid. The average for pH paper was seven. The pH is the numeric scale used to specify the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. The pH scale measures acidity and alkalinity. the pH scale goes from zero, which is an acid reading, to fourteen, which is an alkaline reading.
H2CO3 The popping sound we hear when we open the can of fizzy drink, the bubbles and sparkle we see in the soft drink, and the feeling of bubble popping on your tongue, all of these are due to carbon dioxide escaping from solution. One of the reasons people love to drink
The iodine test determines the presence of starch in biological materials. It is predicted that, if starch is not present, the solution with iodine remains yellow. However, if starch is present the solution with iodine becomes a blue-black colour. Plants have starch as the storage polysaccharide (glucose units held together by glycosidic bonds) while animals have the equivalent of glycogen. In this experiment, the dark blue colour is visible because of the helical amylose and amylopectin reacting with iodine (Travers et al., 2002).
Description: White to creamy-white, finely divided, free- flowing, practically tasteless, odorless or nearly odorless, hygroscopic powder. Solubility: Practically insoluble in water and most organic solvents.
There are three main buffering systems within the body. The first buffering system is called the phosphate buffer system which contains dihydrogen phosphate ions and hydrogen phosphate ions. When the level of pH decreases hydrogen phosphate ions take in hydrogen ions which will equal out the balance between hydrogen and hydroxide ions, forcing the pH level to increase and return to neutral. However, when the pH level increases, dihydrogen phosphate ions start to let off hydrogen ions to decrease pH level back to neutral. In summary “the phosphate buffer system can accept or donate hydrogen ions depending on the solution it is in” (Essays, UK. 2013.
CONCLUSION When you put an egg in vinegar, we see that the shell dissolves, but do you ever wonder why? An egg is made mostly out of calcium carbonate which reacts with an ingredient in vinegar, acetic acid. Acetic acid is about 4% of the vinegar and what breaks apart the solid calcium carbonate crystals. The bubbles we see, from the egg, is the carbonate that make carbon dioxide and the other calcium ions float free. This is the equation: CaCO3 (s) + 2 HC2H3O2 (aq)
Acids are proton donors in chemical reactions which increase the number of hydrogen ions in a solution while bases are proton acceptors in reactions which reduce the number of hydrogen ions in a solution. Therefore, an acidic solution has more hydrogen ions than a basic solution; and basic solution has more hydroxide ions than an acidic solution. Acid substances taste sour. They have a pH lower than 7 and turns blue litmus paper into red. Meanwhile, bases are slippery and taste bitter.
The PH of the soil: Soil PH is simply a measure of how acid or alkaline the soil is on a scale of 1-14 , and soil acidity or alkalinity (soil pH) is important because it influences how easily plants can take up nutrients from the soil; thus indicating the health of the soil. from 6.0 to 7.5. Below pH 6.0, some nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, are less available. When pH exceeds 7.5, iron, manganese, and phosphorus are less available.
Introduction Solubility is a chemical property that is measured in terms of the maximum amount of solute dissolved in a solvent at equilibrium. The resulting solution is called saturated solution. For example when a sample of sodium chloride solution in water is heated the behavior of the reaction is endothermic obstructing exothermic behavior. Another relationship that can be said about solubility is that the solubility of a solid substance increases as the temperature increases. The solubility of solutes is dependent on temperature.