Vertebral column Essays

ANATOMY OF THE SPINE The vertebral column in an adult is composed of 33 bony vertebrae divided into five regions: 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal. Significant flexibility is evidenced only at the level of the upper 25 vertebrae. In adult the 5 sacral vertebrae fuse together to form the sacrum, and later in adult life the 4 coccygeal vertebrae fuse together forming the coccyx. The lumbosacral angle is the angle formed at the junction of the long axes of the lumbar spinal

*The dorsal surface of the carapace has a median row of five vertebral shields, two lateral rows of costal shields or a marginal row of twenty four or twenty five marginal shields. *There are six pairs of shields, overlying the plastron. *These

(cervical) and low back (lumbar) regions have a slight concave curve, and the thoracic and sacral regions have a gentle convex curve. The curves work like a coiled spring to absorb shock, maintain balance, and allow range of motion throughout the spinal column. The muscles and correct posture maintain the natural spinal curves. Good posture involves training your body to stand, walk, sit, and lie so that the least amount of strain is placed on the spine during movement or weight-bearing activities. The

Spinal Stenosis- Overview- Spinal Stenosis is a condition in which there is narrowing of the spinal canal. This is commonly seen in the lumbar and cervical spine. Lumbar spine stenosis is often accompanied by nerve impingement. It includes central as well as lateral recess stenosis. In lateral canal stenosis as there is involvement of the nerve it results in severe radiculopathy, with muscle weakness, pain and immobility. This results from a series of changes in the components of the central and

upper thoracic vertebrae with ribs, clavicles and trachea : c & t vertebral bodies are vertically aligned, spinous processes are in midline, illusion of bone L column on each side of vertebral bodies; transverse processes within image of L column, pedicles - radiodense oval – like cortical outline, interpendicular distance =

pressing on nearby nerves and causing back pain or sciatica. A slipped disc – known as a prolapsed or herniated disc – occurs when one of the discs that sit between the bones of the spine (the vertebrae) is damaged and presses on the nerves. The spinal column is made of up 26 bones (vertebrae) that are cushioned by disks and stacked on top of one another. The disks protect the bones by absorbing the shocks from daily activities. In between each vertebra there are protective circular pads of cartilage (connective

only takes one small mistake to crash and get injured. The most severe injuries that can occur while participating in motocross damage the nervous system which includes the brain, vertebral column and spinal cord. 11% of severe motorcycle injuries are spinal cord injuries and 27% are cervical spine injuries. 60% of vertebral injuries resulting in death are cervical injuries, besides head and chest injuries cervical spine injuries result in the most fatalities in motorcycle accidents. These injuries

What is a disc herniation? The spinal column is made up of 33 vertebrae (bones) that are joined together to allow forward, backward, side bending, and rotation of the spine. There are five regions that comprise the spinal column; the cervical (neck), thoracic (chest), lumbar (low back), sacral and coccygeal (tail-bone) regions. The cervical region consists of 7 vertebrae, the thoracic 12 vertebrae and the lumbar region contains five vertebrae. The sacrum is made of 5 fused vertebrae; which are connected

Introduction: This rehabilitation program is designed for an eighteen year old female volleyball player. This athlete came to the Athletic Training Room with idiopathic scoliosis that had gone untreated since the age of 12. She experiences severe pain in the thoracic spine as well as in the surrounding muscles. Being that she waited 6 years to have the surgery, it might have increased her risk for complications. The surgery that this athlete will undergo is a spinal fusion surgery of the thoracic

DOI: 6/25/2013. Patient is a 39-year old male commercial driver who sustained injury while he was parked when he got struck from behind by a tractor trailer. Per OMNI, he suffered injury to his neck, back, shoulders, elbows, and knees. He is out of work since the date of injury. He is status post cervical discectomy with fusion at C4-6 on 3/12/14 and a suboccipital craniotomy and decompression of a C1 lamina due to Chiari malformation on 12/29/14. Per medical report dated 06/30/15, patient presented

Archaeology Essay: Bipedalism in hominids Introduction: Bipedalism is the defining characteristic of all hominins. It is what separates us from all other primates as it occurs uniquely in our species. The physical and mental characteristics of hominins has changed dramatically over our evolutionary timeline that has led to current day humans. If you were to compare a modern day human with our earliest hominin ancestors there are few similarities between them. However the one feature that unites all

CERVICAL DISC HERNIATION Name: Course: Tutor: Date: Introduction Cervical Disc diseases refer to various types of diseases that mainly affect the spinal cord as well as the nerve roots around it. These diseases come in many varying symptoms, and a chronic neck pain is one of the symptoms and effects. Cervical disc herniation affects mostly the people in their adult stage, and the pain may persist for months. The main problem, however, is the varying opinions from scientists and medical experts

QEP Scripts for Two Recordings – Audio for Musculoskeletal System; “OK, Team! We have a new patient in Room 3B who is being admitted with a progressive (gradual, advancing) decrease in mobility (movement) of his back and legs, and increase in pain located in the lumbosacral (lower back above the tailbone of the spine) area. The patient’s Primary Care Provider has sent along Computed Tomography scans (CT, a rotating x-ray emitter, detailed internal scanner) showing spinal stenosis (narrowing of the

Summary of Case Study: Bill is a 34 year old male who has recently been prescribed analgesic and muscle relaxant for his right hip pain. After three weeks of pain he is still experiencing symptoms. However, he is now experiencing stiffness and pain in his left hip as well. The physician has examined his x-rays and believes that he has avascular necrosis. The physician thinks this may be possible due to his have decompression sickness in the past. This can cause tissue damage due to the lack of blood

It was my birthday on the 31st of October and I was looking for a scoliosis association/foundation to involve myself with and share my scoliosis experience with. Also, to have a chat with a group of similar people, eat, drink and snap pictures. But to my utmost surprise I searched and browsed and realized there was none of such in my locality. To say I was perplexed is just putting it lightly, because it’s a cause if taking seriously and timely can reduce the amount of pain, worry and trouble experienced

5 lumbar, 5 fused sacral and 4 fused coccygeal vertebrae. The width of the vertebral bodies generally increases craniocaudally, except at T1-T3. The normal curve of spine includes: 1. Cervical lordosis (20-400) 2. Thoracic kyphosis (20-400), 3. Lumbar lordosis (30-500) and 4. Sacral kyphosis (not more than 400). ANATOMICAL PLANES:  Coronal or frontal plane: It is a vertical imaginary line which divides the vertebral bodies into the front and back sections. The coronal plane of the spine delineates

Driving at 100 mph down a single lane road that is made of loose gravel while trying not to slide off a cliff or drive into a tree are some problems that rally drivers have to endure consistently throughout their careers. One hundred twenty three years ago France had organized the first automobile race in history by simply gathering a group of people and picking a route consisting of public roads. That is the general idea of rally racing, speeding through closed down public roads at ludicrous speeds

Based on the symptoms he is presenting with I would think he is more than likely suffering from osteoarthritis but in order to give him a definite diagnosis and proper treatment further information and testing needs to be obtained. Pain can be caused from an inflammatory, mechanical, or degenerative process so the first step would be to get a better understanding of the chronology and aggravating factors of the pain. I would ask about the onset of the pain, its progression, the timing of the stiffness

CLASSIFICATION OF INJURY SEVERITY While there is a myriad of circumstances which lead up to TSCIs, it is imperative to note that the prognosis is primarily determined by whether the injury was clinically complete or incomplete (Burns et al. 2012). Sacral sparing – indicating that the injury is clinically incomplete - is considered present when the dermatomes and myotomes which correspond to the lowest segment of the spinal cord exhibit preservation of function. Sacral sparing signifies that the

Nerve injuries around the shoulder region occur mainly as a result of motor vehicle accidents, gunshot injuries and athletic injuries. Contact sports athletes such as football players and wrestling athletes, are at high risk of nerve injury in the shoulder area, caused by an extreme force and stress applied on the joint. In this acute setting, these injuries may be associated with shoulder dislocation, upper humeral fracture, rotator cuff tear or/and vascular trauma, such as axillary artery rupture