The present study makes a number of original contributions to the existing body of knowledge and provides some direction for research and practice. This study has developed and tested new scales to measure workplace stress and coping in context of nursing workplace.
Contribution of the study
Theoretical Contribution
The study have made number of significant contributions in the area of workplace stress and coping
The most significant contribution is the development of thirteen dimensions the nursing workplace stress scale, a measurement scale that did not previously exist.
The additional dimensions are identified which previously were not identified and linked to the nursing workplace stress.
Following further development and confirmation
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This study contributes to a 21 item instrument to measure of the nursing workplace stress coping situations.
The Nursing workplace stress coping scale has demonstrated evidence of internal consistency reliability, content validity, construct validity and contrasting group validity.
The study contributed in development of a process model of stress and coping in relationship to nursing workplace.
Managerial Implications
Human resource managers are largely responsible for creating the work environment in which nurses’ practice and patient care is provided.
It is important to explore and plan interventions that will reduce the stress experienced and promote adaptive coping.
The findings also will help the administrators to suggest interventions that will attempt to moderate minimize or eliminate some of these stressors.
This study provides organization and researchers with the instrument that did not previously exist in India. Study will help to develop modalities
The policy makers and administrators should have take cognizance of stressful among nurses and take corrective
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The further testing and validation of the instrument is needed as it is premature to rely on 57 items The Nursing Workplace Stress Scale (NWSS) or 21 items The Nursing Workplace Stress Coping Scale (NWSCS) without continually assessing the reliability and validity of the scale.
In future research discriminant, concurrent and predictive validity may be established of newly developed The Nursing Workplace Stress Scale (NWSS) and The Nursing Workplace Stress Coping Scale (NWSCS).
The scales may be modified in order measure workplace stress and the coping among the other health care professionals such physiotherapist, occupational therapist, etc working in the hospital.
The Nursing Workplace Stress Scale (NWSS) and The Nursing Workplace Stress Coping Scale (NWSCS) may be modified to be used in the community health workers.
Future research may validate the process model tested in this study where workplace stress was linked to workplace coping.
The process model of workplace stress and coping may be further tested in other
What was once thought of as a profession driven by compassion and the desire to help those in need has now become filled with weary burnt out nurses who have lost sight of their purpose. Stress has caused them to distance themselves from the principles nursing is built upon. Our health care system needs to be revamped to improve the quality of care being administered. Nurses can be proactive and take steps to avoid burning out but, our health care administrators have to take matters into their hands because they have the capacity to initiate change. They must realize the gravity of the situation and take an offensive position to make a stand against the crisis of nursing
(Abdulla, Al-Qahtani, & Al-Kuwari, 2011). One study revealed that burnout syndrome is common among critical care nurses, because they work with more critical and traumatic patients burnout syndrome is not only affect the nurse but extend to their quality of care that delivered for their patient.(Moss, Good, Gozal, Kleinpell, & Sessler., 2016). Organizational and environment factors such as excessive workload, staffing shortage, lack of empowerment lead to burnout which compromise nurse’s ability to provide high quality care. ( McHugh, Kutney, Cimiotti, Sloane, & Aiken., 2011). Burnout ,quality of care and patients outcome Different studies have explained the relation between burnout syndrome, stress in work environment ,and patients satisfaction which assessed the quality of nursing care provided, the high quality care the more patient satisfaction.
Nurses experienced unsatisfied work environment, fatigue, burnout and increased in career change leading to the nursing
“Better Nurse Staffing and Nurse Work Environments Associated with Increased Survival of In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients” states that, “In 2012, registered nurses had 11,610 incidents of MSDs (musculoskeletal disorder), resulting in a median rate of eight days away from work. Among all healthcare practitioner and technical occupations, there were 65,050 nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses that required a median of seven days away from work.” While we are unable to attribute every workplace related injury to stress, burnout, and poor work conditions, it is easy to correlate extreme fatigue with decrease in concentration and increase in avoidable
Large patient loads combined with a stressful work environment affects nurses’ abilities to provide quality healthcare. Patient safety should never be compromised. It is our responsibility to learn from research and improve our current nurse staffing ratios. Nurse staffing is key and affects all other outcomes. Without nurses administering the right treatment at the right time to the right patients, all other healthcare interventions are not effective.
It is important to identify why nurses are becoming stressed and how to reduce work related stress. The past 10 years there has been an increase in stress levels for nursing staff. In 2001 a survey was conducted by “American Nurses Association”. The study results showed that 70.5% of nurses cited the acute and chronic effects of stress and overwork among their top three health and safety
The workplace had become a high stress environment in many organizations cutting across industries. Employees were experiencing high level of stress due to various factors
Specific Purpose: To inform the audience about how stress develops and its effects on the workplace. Tentative Thesis: Though the definition of stress is already well-known among our society, we remain ignorant towards how stress develops everywhere and influences the workplace. Introduction I. Attention
Nursing Role Stress (NRS) Gray-Toft and Anderson (1981a) 34 4-point Scale Never (0) Very Frequently (3) .934 Affective
Nursing model identifies itself and defines the factors or phenomena of work in a nursing situation and describes their relationship. The conceptual framework for the present study was developed based on Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation model. Adaptation is the central feature and a core concept of this model. Problems in adaptation arise when the adaptive system is unable to cope with or respond to constantly changing stimuli from the internal and external environments in a matter that maintains the integrity of the system.
This was achieved by re-examining the relationships between the hardy personality (total hardiness), primary appraisal (challenge and threat appraisal), secondary appraisal (coping options available), and coping methods (action and palliative coping) from the perspective of nurse stress in response to aggressive behaviour displayed by people with dementia. One hundred and two nurses from 15 nursing homes and hostels were sampled by way of a questionnaire. Hierarchical regression was performed to analyse the strong hypothesized relationships between the variables examined. Results indicated that resident aggression were related to an increase in nurse stress (M.34á79, SD.7á93). Of the variables examined, only threat appraisal were related to nurse stress (b[94].048, P < 005).
The nature of clinical education presents challenges that may cause students to experience stress. Moreover, the practical components of the program which is important in preparing students to develop into professional nurse role by its nature have made the programme even more stressful than other programmes. The various factors associated with stress among nursing students: 1. Environmental factors: Perceived stress due to change in living environment, inadequate telephone facilities, inadequate provision of safety and security in the world, inadequate facility of canteen/mess, lack of recreational facilities.
) There are many different kinds of support given to workers in order to help them deal with stress. Here we will be looking at types of stress support given to employees as well as their stressors, by giving examples of these derived from the case study. Types of support given can include psychological support, cognitive support, employee assistance programs and physical support (Lehrer et al, 1994). Types of stressors that employees face are work overload, work-life balance, emotional and physical labor, job ambiguity and job demands (Danna & Griffin, 1999). Under psychological support there are various mediation and relaxation techniques that are used in order to help support employees suffering from stress.
Motowildo et.al. (1986) examined occupational stress and its relation with individual characteristics, job conditions, stressful events, affect, and job performance. Findings show that ratings of interpersonal aspects of job performance and cognitive/motivational aspects correlated significantly with self-reported perceptions of stressful events, subjective stress, depression, and hostility. Models developed through path analysis suggest that the frequency and subjective intensity of the 45 events identified in Study 1 caused feelings of stress, leading to depression and causing decrements in interpersonal and cognitive/motivational aspects of job performance. Kirk L. Froggatt and John L. Cotton, (1987) in their study controlled laboratory
Question 1 Everyone experiences stress in their day to day lives, many cite the workplace as a main cause for their stress due to intense workload, long hours and uncertain job expectations (Avey, Luthans & Jensen, 2009). Stress can be defined as a pattern of emotional and physiological reactions which occur in response to various demands, which can be internal or external of an organization (Greenberg, 2011). Symptoms of stress result in causing suffering to an individual, which affects absenteeism and productivity levels. Stress can also result in lower levels of job satisfaction, self-esteem, motivation, depression and heart disease (Giga, Cooper & Faragher, 2003).