Abstract In this experiment, the isolation, characterization, and determination of concentration and purity of deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA from Allium Cepa or onion was performed. DNA was isolated through the use of a homogenizing solution. The absorbance ratio was 1.5, which indicates protein contamination. Moreover, the characterization of its components was conducted through the use of different chemical tests. The DNA gathered by the group bore positive results only on Test for Deoxyribose; compared to the standard solution, which bore positive results on all chemical tests, namely, Test for Deoxyribose, Test for Phosphate, Test for Purines, and test for Pyrimidines. Introduction Nucleic Acid is one of the essential biochemical molecules …show more content…
The reagents used were Diphenylamine reagent which contains concentrated H2SO4. The standard solution used for this test is the deoxyribose standard solution. In the sample, only a faint blue solution appeared, which indicates a small presence of deoxyribose. In test for Phosphate, the standard solution was the Phosphate solution and the reagents used were concentrated H2SO4, concentrated HNO3, 2.5% ammonium molybdate solution. The principle involved in this test is the precipitation of phosphate which bores a yellow-colored solution and yellow precipitate. In the sample, neither a yellow-colored solution nor a yellow precipitate appeared which indicates the absence of phosphate in the sample. In the test for Purines, or Murexide test, the standard solution used was solid guanine. The reagents used were concentrated HNO3 and 10% KOH. Positive results should be red-purple residue. The principles involved in this test were oxidation of purine by concentrated HNO3; condensation reaction of alloxan to form alloxanthin; and neutralization which forms the red purple murexide or the potassium salt of purpurate. In the sample, the red-purple residue did not appear which means that there is the absence of purines in the DNA
Although the overall absorbance increases as more milliliters of mitochondrial suspension is added to a mixture of 0.25 mL of 0.5 mM DCIP, 0.5 mL of 50 mM sodium azide, various volumes of assay buffer (20 mM potassium
First, it was hypothesized that test tube "A", the control, would not show any red concentration, test tube "B" which contains supernatant II would show the most red concentration and test tube "C" which contains sediment II would only show a little red concentration. The second hypothesis states that the raw corn kernels would have mitochondrial activity while the boiled corn kernels would not. The last hypothesis interprets that the "gunk" and sediment I will both contain starch granules. It was only expected to find mitochondrial activity in Supernatant II. Unfortunately, after performing this experiment, we were not able to support this hypothesis and come up with a conclusion.
There are few vegetables and fruits that turns to the color brown if their surface is exposed to oxygen. Once the veggies or fruits been exposed to oxygen, then the browning begins to appear, and electrons and hydrogen will be removed. This happens because of an enzyme called catechol oxidase. The enzyme will act on its substrate catechol to form a yellow compound which then reacts with the oxygen in the air and change into benzoquinone. The more concentration of the enzyme, the more browning appears.
Starch solution is then placed into the test tube at a quantity of 5 mL. 5 drops of Lugol’s Iodine solution is added to the test tube. If the color changes, then it is known that starches are present in the solution. Proteins are next tested. In order to do this, 5 mL of gelatin solution is added to the test tube. 10 drops of Biuret’s reagent are added to test for protein.
Proteins were found in the victim’s stomach contents by exposing the contents to the Biuret solution and getting a positive result after the solution became purple. Protein can also be found in the meat of the victims typical, “…pizza with sausage, pepperoni, and bacon…”. Lastly, starches were found in the victim’s stomach contents though exposing the victim’s stomach contents to the Iodine solution and getting a positive result after the solution became a dark color. In pizza, starches can be found in the entire
The unknown #257 tested positive for the enzyme DNase. Lastly, Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) was used to test for isolation and differentiation. The streaking technique used is streaking for isolation. The unknown #257 tested positive for mannitol fermentation which means the organism is
DNA Price list Content Rewrite Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a chemical substance that is found in most cells in the human body. Half of each person’s DNA comes from their father and the other half from their mother. When the DNA from a father, mother and child are compared, it is possible to establish if an alleged father is the father of a child. The probability of paternity routinely runs in excess of 99.99%. Many families, children and parents find peace through our robust DNA Services.
In test tube three: 15uL of DNA 2, and 15uL of enzyme 1 were added. In test tube four: 15uL of DNA 2, and 15uL of enzyme 2 were added. The tubes were shaken and then put in a waterbath at 37o C to incubate for 50 minutes. After the incubation was finished, 5uL of solution to stop the reactions was added to all four tubes and they were stored in the refrigerator Casting and Loading a Gel for Electrophoresis
Through the use of centrifugation at high speeds, the DNA moved to a particular position within the gradient where the DNA matched the density of the solution. Due to the different atomic weights of the isotopes within the different strands of DNA, it caused for the different densities to sediment at different levels. The DNA with only the heavier isotope 15N, was found to be lower than the DNA with only the lighter isotope 14N within the gradient. The DNA that was hybrid containing both the light and heavy isotope was located between the two at an intermediate
Finally, the amplified DNA regions are compare using a gel. DNA Profiling
1.3.3 Methods of the measurement of DNase activity In 1950, the first method of the measurement of DNase I activity was described by Kunitz196. He isolated and precipitated DNase from fresh beef pancreas and isolated thymus nucleic acid. He found that the cleavage of DNA by crystalline DNase is accompanied by increase of absorption (at 260 nm) of UV light. This spectrophotometric method of measurement of the rate of the increase in the light absorption was then used for estimating of DNase activity. It lasted 43 years until in 1993 Nadano et al.
In Prokaryotes, the DNA is found in the cytoplasm. Single-celled organisms don’t have nuclei, so Deoxyribonucleic acid is found in the Cytoplasm. The backbone, the two strands that twist to form the side bars of the Double helix, is made of alternating phosphate groups and Deoxyribose (a sugar) molecules. That’s how Deoxyribonucleic acid got part of its name. Also, the the Deoxyribose and Phosphate alternates along the backbone.
Synopsis This experiment is the determination of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) content in toothpaste with the use of back titration while demonstrating quantitative transfer of solids and liquids. A accurately weighed quantity of toothpaste was dissolved in excess volumes of HCl. This solution is then titrated with NaOH to find the volume of the excess HCl. The volume of HCl reacted, which is found by substracting the volume of given HCl with the volume of excess HCl reacted, can be further manipulated with mole fractions to find the mass of CaCO3 and thus the CaCO3 content in toothpastes.
If the broth turned a reddish color, the result was then positive. If there was no color change, then a small amount of zinc powder was added. If there was no color change, the result was also positive, but if there was a red coloration development after the zinc was added, the result was then negative. Both Unknown bacteria (16A and 16B) were positive for nitrate reduction. The tubes were then