The Influence Of Urban Hostile Architecture

The urban environment is the locus of various forms of violence. The city is a meeting point for peoples from diverse cultural, racial and religious backgrounds, a place where they struggle for scarce economic resources as well as political power. The heterogeneity of the urban environment makes it an attractive place for thieves, rapists, assassins, murderers, etc., who can commit crimes with little fear of recognition.
Public spaces are the physical embodiment of democracy, their very purpose being to foster debate- even conflict- among the various interests that are represented by the citizenry.
As the shape of the city and the characteristics of urban life are influenced by the way public and private distinction is made, the role of urban

Writers have been using those strong adjectives to describe some of the architecture that has been appearing in cities across the globe. Hostile architecture is a controversial urban design trend in which public spaces are constructed or altered to discourage people from using them in a way not intended by the owner. This is a common pattern observed not only with the use of spikes, barriers, oddly angled benches, and even sprinklers, but also with local architectural practices.

Hostile architecture is revealing on a number of levels, because it is not the product of accident or thoughtlessness, but a thought process. It is a sort of unkindness that is considered, designed, approved, funded and made real with the explicit motive to exclude and harass.

Foucault’s (1975) conception of power is a common part of this subject. Essentially, power is a relationship between people in which one affects another 's actions. Power differs from force or violence, which affect the body physically. It involves making a free subject do something that he would not have done otherwise: power therefore involves restricting or altering someone 's will. Power is present in all human relationships, and penetrates throughout society. The state does not have a monopoly over power, because power relations are deeply unstable and

How are they directed and how are they distributed in our city?

And while all design is necessarily limiting in some ways, it’s possible to make places that encourage and enhance relationships between people and lead to greater collaboration and communication. The use of discipline versus the forced punishment to question the derivation of reduction of hostile behaviour amongst common public.

Design can serve as a solution to many criminal activities in the city. Tracing back some and analysing their existence in their specific location can help us build a theoretical explanation towards reducing this aggression. With an approach to behavioural theories which give insight into why individuals engage in aggressive and unfriendly activities; and urban design theories of fear and the reaction to fear, we can evaluate the hostility of an urban space.

The purpose thus is to question as to how human aggression may be inter-related to psychological constructs, such as anger, hostility, and impulsivity, and on the understanding that a design approach that would be of fundamental for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of hostile