Monera Experiments
Introduction
The Monera kingdom consists of two phyla, Archaebacteria and Eubacteria. These bacteria are ever present in the environment, on the most unobtrusive of objects from seemingly clean hands to healthy coughs. In suitable conditions, bacteria will grow to form colonies, which can be organized through configurations, margins, and elevations. Bacteria cells vary among three shapes: coccus, bacillus, and spirillum. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are two common enough bacteria. E. coli “is a Gram negative rod-shaped bacterium […]. Most E. coli strains are harmless, but some can cause serious food poisoning in humans, and are occasionally responsible for product recalls” (Odonkor 2013). S. aureus “is a major human pathogen, and infections caused by S. aureus resulting significant morbidity and mortality” (Williamson 2011). Some antibiotics are able to interfere with protein synthesis: tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and erythromycin. Because of the very nature of bacteria, it is important to keep a sterile environment during experiments; aseptic technique is vital. Aseptic technique involves an especial attention to cleanliness in the experiment’s environment, and minimum exposure to anything that might
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The backs of each dish were separated into quadrants with a wax pencil. One dish was coated with E. coli and the other with S. aureus. Eight small paper circles were soaked in antimicrobial agents and each petri dish received four, one for each respective quadrant. The E. coli dish had the following antimicrobial agent soaked paper circles: antibacterial soap, alcohol, fennel, and bleach. The S. aureus dish had the following antimicrobial agent soaked paper circles: disinfectant, phenol, formaldehyde, and bleach. Aseptic technique was applied. The dishes were placed in an incubator for two days. The effect of the antimicrobial agents was measured in
After lawn inoculating a Meuller Hinton plate and placing the samples of medication, the plate was then incubated for one week at 37 degrees Celsius. The first medication choice was Trimethoprim, this produced a zone of inhibition of 16mm, therefore being sensitive to the bacteria. Antibiotic number two was nalidixic acid, this too, has a zone of inhibition of 16mm but is considered intermediate. The next antibiotic was erythromycin which produced a zone of inhibition of zero and was therefore resistant. The last antibiotic that was chosen to be used in the experiment was ciprofloxacin.
Identification of bacteria within Unknown Culture #21 In this experiment, an unknown culture of two different types of bacteria was assigned to each person, a number of tests were performed to isolate and identify these bacterial cells. Based on knowledge from the previous experiments completed in lab, a basic understanding of each type of bacteria was used to create a flow chart that would aid the process of identifying the unknown bacteria within the culture. A gram stain that is performed initially will narrow down the types of tests certain bacteria will and will not respond to. In addition to the gram stain, some of the tests that were used include, a catalase test, an Eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar test, a bile esculin test, and a 6.5% sodium chloride (NaCl) test.
The purpose of this lab report is to employ a myriad of skills, tools and, methods learned throughout this semester to perform the appropriate tests for the identification of the assigned unknown bacteria. Add more background information here!!! The most important tools and techniques used during this identification include aseptic technique, microscopic examination and, the use of selective and differential media. Aseptic technique is an important tool for microbiologists. It is imperative that aseptic technique is maintained throughout the length of any test to avoid any cross-contamination that may lead to inaccurate results.
I expect to learn the biochemical differences in bacteria from this lab. Also, how to identify different species of bacteria. Material & Methods For the first day of the practical, an unknown specimen was provided
In the laboratory, identification of an unknown bacterium is often necessary. In the lab, a random sample consisting of three different bacteria was selected. The sample contained one gram-positive, one gram-negative paracolon, and one gram-negative coliform. The purpose of the experiment is to identify each of the three species that the mixture contained. After receiving an unknown mixture, the sample was streaked for isolation onto TSA, blood agar, and MacConkey plates.
Eubacteria Both Archaebacteria -Thick and
(keyword MOST) In addition to the boiling water, I poured about a 1/2 cup of Ultra Palmolive® Antibacterial dish soap which is approved to kill 99% of E. coli, salmonella, and staph on dishes( not ALL bacteria). I scrubbed the dishes harder then usual, using all my strength, trying to mentally overcome the fact that I didn 't have any bleach which kills ALL bacteria. The reality of it all is, I could have scrubbed those dishes until my fingers fell off , used the whole bottle of dish detergent and boiled them in water all day long, they would LOOK clean but its impossible for them to become truly clean, by killing ALL bacteria, without adding the bleach in my dishwater. Life works the same way.
Children under the age of five, the elderly, and people with impaired immune system are the most likely to suffer from illnesses caused by E. coli 0157:H7. The pathogen is now the leading cause of kidney failure among the children in the United States.” The use of logos in Schlosser’s book makes his declaration better because he is using reasonable facts and statistics. Logos makes Schlosser’s claim persuasive and serious. Nowadays, Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria is becoming a well-known threat that can be caught by consuming contaminated food (raw vegetables and certain raw meats) or water.
It is highly virulent with the high rate of resistance to the treatment and antimicrobial infectious agents. The mentioned above proves that the Epidemiology of Staph. Auerus as foodborne pathogen requires
Escherichia Coli 0157: H7 This paper will specialize on a specific type of bacterial foodborne illness caused by the bacteria Escherichia Coli. E. coli was discovered by Theodore von Escherich in 1885. E.coli is a natural found bacteria that lies throughout the intestinal tract of warm blooded animals and comes in many forms only one of which is deadly. This form is E. coli 0157:H7 which can be caused by direct exposure to fecal matter to kill this rouge
I think that it can be fairly said that the dog saliva was effective at killing bacteria as is most cases the application of dog saliva to the bacteria colonies resulted in the majority of the bacteria being killed. A visible reduction in the amount of bacteria in the petri dishes could be seen after the introduction of the dog saliva to the bacteria colonies. As one of the aims was to find uses for dog saliva as a disinfectant, if the dog saliva does not have its own pathogens or harmful bacteria it can be humanely gathered and used as a temporary disinfectant for human wounds in the more rural areas where it is difficult for people to afford commercial brands of disinfectant.
Astronauts will swab surfaces within the cabin, mix swabbed material in liquid form to the LOCAD-PTS, and obtain results within 15 minutes on a display screen. The study 's purpose is to effectively provide a rapid
Aseptic technique was initiated at the beginning of this experiment by cleaning the work surface with disinfected wipes. Personal protectives equipment was also worn. The material utilized in this experiment was: S. epidermidis culture broth, sterile cotton swab, streak plate, forceps in 70% alcohol, a lit tea light, and the three antibiotic disks (novobiocin, gentamicin, penicillin). The first step, I divided a plate into three quadrants and labelled them with the different antibiotic names. Using the lit tea light, like a bursen burner, I flamed the mouth of the S. epidermidis culture.
During the evaluation period in which we where to look at the clusters most petri dish did grow anything which caused most people to get most result form the their group members. The big picture of this lab was for us to understand that antibacterial soap in not good to use all the time and that there is beneficial to our skin and body. So the people that didn’t use antibacterial soap had greater grow in bacteria and fungus so the people that would just use water would have more to find. In the end we should not buy soap soaps or hand sanitizer just because it say that is going to kill bacteria on hands. It does more harm to your hand instead of good for
The presence of a suture in a surgical wound has been found to increase the tissue's susceptibility to infection.(10) (3) Occurrence of bacteria inside a wound does not always implicate an infection. Altemir and Culbert(29) have suggested that the infection risk depends upon the host resistance, bacterial contamination and virulence of the organism. In human volunteers, Elek and Conen(3) have noted that an injection of 106 Staphylococcus pyogenes was required to elicit a pus-forming clinical infection. When a silk sutures was introduced into the same conditions only 100 staphylococci were enough to form pus. The results of this study indicate that the introduction of staphylococci on a silk suture can enhance the development of infection as much as 10,000 fold.