Lifespan Development: Attachment Theory

Summary: The researchers believed that children’s disorganized attachment “is characterized as the absence or breakdown of an attachment strategy (Van London, Juffer & Van Ijzendoorn, 2007, p.1250), which would lead to cognitive dysfunction and externalizing actions. Thus, in order to get deeper understandings of the relationship, the researchers were targeting on the relationships between types of attachment (secure, insecure and disorganized) with oversea adoptees’ developmental functionality. Mother’s sensitivity—capabilities of recognizing children’s needs and response to the needs suffciently—was also taken into account simultaneously. To be more specific, the hypothesis was comprised by three components: adoptees’ attachment was less secured and organized compared to nonadoptees; adopted children’s mental and psychomotor abilities were developing slower compared to peers; association between attachment and mental and motor development (Van London et al.). 70 adoptive Dutch families and their internationally adopted children were in the study, and all of the adoptees were having history of being institutionalized.

They can do this through: setting a good example; being positive; building up children’s confidence by focussing on the things that they’re good at, setting them achievable goals and targets; helping children to learn through their own experiences; reflective listening and giving the children confidence and positivity through love and affection. If a child is not confident they may find it hard to interact with other children, have a negative outlook on life, be less motivated and have behavioural problems. Overall, if a child lacks confidence, self-esteem and resilience their health and well-being will be hindered.

As for me, the transition into adulthood was troubling and challenging, yet rewarding. Every transition varies depending on the individuals social location, social maturity and how they are raised. According to Ciabattari (2017), changing relationships with parents, changing family patterns of family formation, the uncertainty economy and the expansion of higher education all play a major role in young people’s transition into adulthood.

A child suffering emotionally from their parents' divorce could develop new personality traits as coping mechanisms in an attempt to deal with their deep and lasting emotional trauma. Usually, the most common personality traits that children develop in response to the split of their parents are negative. For some children, the divorce of their parents shatters their sense of security, and makes them question their confidence in the parents' abilities make decisions that are truly in their best interest.

Several themes are demonstrated in the course of lifespan development. Although each child develops individually, common themes can be seen throughout the development. The following are explanations of four universal themes of human development, including the continuity-discontinuity issue, nature versus nurture, the active-passive issue, and the development across domains issue, and how my personal experiences relate to the understanding of each theme. Early Development is Related to Later Development but Not Perfectly Shaffer and Kipp (2010) describe a pervasive theme in lifespan development, in which our early development during infancy and childhood correlates to how we later develop as adults, known as the continuity-discontinuity issue.

Homelessness in Children Homelessness in children is a serious widespread problem that causes vulnerability and anxiety in children due to the lack of stability in life. Children without permanent homes are also more susceptible to severe and chronic health problems. In the novel Dicey’s Song the journey of four young children who were neglected by their mentally ill mother and forced to fend for themselves is described. The plot examines the challenges the Tillerman children faced while being homeless, and issue that still exists today. Therefore, in the novel Dicey’s Song Cynthia Voigt explores the issue of homelessness in children, and issue that is still significant in today’s society.

Parent and Child Personality Characteristics as Predictors of Negative Discipline and Externalizing Problem Behaviour in Children. Retrieved from: http://goo.gl/nhx3lY Savi, F., & Akboy, R. (2010). The personality traits of parents and parents reports of adolescents problems. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 5(3), 152-166. Trifan, T. A., Stattin, H., & Tilton-Weaver, L. (2014).

Many families living in a state of depression, because of their children, and what people talk about them. View compassion and sadness on children’s non-natural difficult for them more than their condition (Patrick). Moreover, families felt guilty because they gave birth to a child with defects, and they cannot save them. Furthermore, their genetic diseases children will also develop other illnesses such as: Autism, schizophrenia, and depression. Schizophrenia, often it falls under genetic disease, but there are also environmental factors than can cause this disease, it has been found that life factors possible increase in the infection rate for schizophrenia personality, and autism disease (Progress in Neurobiology, 2011).

Psychologist wrote many research papers on middle child through observations and gave it a more depressing label namely “Middle Child Syndrome.” Psychologist says that being a victim of this syndrome have various negative impact on the child. As most of parent’s attention goes to oldest and youngest siblings so

This type of family will greatly affect the behavior of the child because the parent’s (either mother or father) attention will be shifted to their new spouses and sometimes forget their children. This will give a big impact to the behavior of the child because he or she feels neglected or loneliness. But the major composition of a family that surely gives a big impact to the child is a broken family. The family can be broken in a variety of ways; Divorce, annulment, separation, desertion, and death mean that the family is structurally incomplete. When children are placed in institutions or in foster homes, family ties are broken.

Children of incarcerated parents may face a number of challenging circumstances. They may have experienced trauma related to their parent’s arrest or experiences leading up to it. Children of incarcerated parents may also be more likely to have faced other adverse childhood experiences, including witnessing violence in their household or exposure to drug and alcohol abuse. (Children of Incarcerated parents, 1). Analyzing data from 2011-12 National Survey of Children’s Health, a representative sample of children seventeen and younger, and the study found higher rates of attention deficits, behavioral problems, speech and language delays, and other developmental delays in children of the incarcerated.

We now know that there are long-term effects on children whose families face economic depression. If the know this information and study these effects we can help combat the effects of poverty on children. Whether that be in a school or church setting there are things that adults can do to help fight the effects. The book Children of the Great Depression: Social Change in Life Experience was found through the article used it the Rhetorical Analysis paper which was a review of the book. For the second source the library has a plethora of database, after finding the one’s for child development, the terms children, great depression, and racism were typed into the search box which resulted the finding of the source by Vonnie Mcloyds called “Impact of Economic Hardships on Black Families and Children: Psychological Distress, Parenting, and Socioemotional Development” which was included in the book Child

TheHuffingtoPost.com Web. 14 Oct, 2015. Catherine McKenzie compliments what Kline has done in the Orphan Train; she compares the traumatic event two different children have gone through. Kline certainly makes the experiances each girl went through very different and shows the reader how they shape their lives. The attention getter was the fact that Niamh has to be exposed to situations that should not be given to children.