The Importance Of The Garden City

City life was changed drastically in the 1800s. “The most extensive urban renewal… took place in Paris in the 1850s. George Haussmann… built wide boulevards and splendid public buildings... Gradually, settlement patterns shifted” (250). Before, the streets were narrow and people didn’t have a lot of work to come by, and the reconstruction of the areas created many jobs. The poor began to live near the center of the city while the rich moved to nice neighborhoods on the outskirts. More improvements came about that made living in the city more appealing. “Paved streets made urban areas much more livable… Beneath the streets, sewage systems made cities healthier places to live… In large cities, single-family middle-class homes gave way to multistory

He also noticed that as the coil loops increased so did the voltage as read on a galvanometer. This process of moving the magnet in between the coil wire demonstrated electromagnetic induction.

The cause that lead to the Progressive era was the Gilded Age. Industrialization during the Gilded Age is what lead to urbanization and new ideas in the Progressive era. The Progressive era was a period of social activism and political reform across the United States during the 1890s-1920s. During this period, the Progressive movement was focused on eliminating corruption within the government. It covered social reform issues relating to female suffrage, education, working conditions, unionization, urbanization, industrialization and child labor. It also called for political reforms attacking bribery, corruption, political machines, regulation of Big Business and corporations. In the course of transitioning from the Gilded Age into the Progressive

The article that I chose to read is called “Absolutism and the Rhetoric of Topography: Streets in the Rome of Sixtus V” by Charles Burroughs. This article is about Rome under Pope Sixtus V. While Burroughs is also successful at presenting the broad idea of what he wants to portray, yet also uses specific examples and narrows his focus in on these.

Urbanization from 1850 to 1910 went from about 10% to 40% (Historical Statistics). The rise in urbanization led to the increasing need for industrialization. When industrialization came to urban places, it brought many social and economic problems. Jane Addams and Andrew Carnegie were two different people who were around during industrialization and had different responses of the economic and social issues that came with it.

In the documentary “The ten Town That Changed America” Geoffrey Baer illustrates the evolution of ten popular cities of the 21st century America. Done in chronological order, the documentary explores how these US cities were developed by visionary citizens who combined, urban planning, design, and architecture to change the way people lived. According to the documentary, these planners had passion and great insights for urban development, although driven by different inspirations and motivations. But one thing was central to these people: to build an environment that would change the way people live in America.

People love serenity (Basic). People love customisable items. People love gardens (Parallel). People around the world keep gardens. Whether their gardens provide them with food, beauty, or a place to hold parties, people keep gardens for many reasons. Japanese gardens are a large part of their culture and represent different aspects of the person who tends it. The beauty of a garden only reflects the diligence of its’ caretaker. In Gail Tsukiyama’s novel The Samurai’s Garden several of her characters tend their own Japanese-style gardens. Throughout her novel, she reveals the importance of the gardens present, and how they represent their caretakers inner selves.

Paris is much more than a name or a point on a map. To me, Paris is nothing like the other big cities of the world; it is my home town, and the greatest part of my life. I lived in Paris, my parents lived in Paris, my grandparents lived in Paris, and all the way back up the paternal side of the familial roots. As such, I have chosen this city to describe using the five themes of geography. Chicago is the third largest city in the United States, and one of the country 's leading industrial, commercial, transportation, and financial centers. This city combines several different cultures and, there is truly no place like it.

Planning is transforming socially, but to achieve change it has to bring together, politicians, planners, and residents (Sandercock, 2004). Citizen’s opinions and rights should be taken into consideration. It is the number one rule in the planning process for participants. It says, “recognize the rights of citizens to participate in planning decisions” (Ethical, n.d.). Cities cannot progress unless they change their ways of doing things. To find out how a city is actually doing it has to see itself from an outside prospective. They will most of the time see that what they though was normal is actually something they grew accustomed to. A way that can lead to planners being progressive is to use a therapeutic approach. This approach involves “the “whole person” to be present in negotiations and deliberations, but being prepared to acknowledge and deal with the powerful emotions that underpin many planning issues” (Sandercock, 2004).

A shock city is the urban place that represents a massive and rapid changes in social, economic, and cultural life (urbanization) due to many factors, including new models of transportation such as railroads, industrialization, and other factors. The first city that was considered the “shock city” was actually Manchester, England. It grew very quickly, and it was the world’s first industrialized city and the home of the cotton industry, cottonopolis - a metropolis centered on cotton trading. Same as Manchester, Chicago was also the “shock city” of North America because of its rapid growth. Both cities were industrial cities, Chicago rose from a struggling village sunk in the middle of a grassland creek to a metropolis city. Between 1830 to

Thomas W. Hanchett is a historian, who taught urban history and history preservation at Young Town State University and Cornell University. Hanchett is now currently working at the Levine Museum of New South in Charlotte as the staff historian and he is also the author of Sorting Out the New South City. Race, Class, and Urban Development in Charlotte 1875-1975. The book is filled with his remarkable outpouring ideas that talks a lot about Charlotte during 1875-1975. He breaks down the content of the book into eight different tables and fifty-eight figures to help reader to understand his idea with a broader sense. In order to encourage readers to make connections to his report, Hanchett leads the reader to focus on his responses of questions that he brings up for his own curiosity. Have African Americans and whites always lived in a separate neighborhood? Why the workers started to live apart from their owners? What factors determined the patterns of Charlotte’s growth? These are the questions that Hanchett brings up and he would answer throughout the book in a detail manner.

The Mall becomes a ‘utopia’ where time and space evaporate (Goss 1993) and creating the civic miracle of heightened safety, excessive cleanliness as well as a well-mannered populace, a process similar to Malcolm Voyce’s (2007) idea of ‘spatial purification’. The aesthetically laid sparkling Italian marble floor leaves a sense of slight consciousness with regard to the clinical and pristine nature of the surroundings. Perhaps, the wafting music of the grand piano (blocked from view by a crowd of onlookers surrounding the pianist) is meant to work as an antidote for the induced anxiety. The material and non-material presence of the mall forms its spatial representation and the conjured “image” plays a crucial role in determining the intended audience.

Throughout my review of The Geography of Nowhere by James Kunstler I gave assessments on many different issues. However, for Randal O’Toole’s The Best-Laid Plans I did not. O’Toole sees government as the problem to everything and thinks the whole planning industry should close its doors. However, there is some good to planning and while planning for up to 50 years is advance is a bit too naïve, there may be some good to have broad targets that can be adjusted every five years or so as town and cities grow and change. Additionally, there can be something said for the over-reaching regulations that don’t allow land and home owners the ability to do what they want on their own land. Furthermore, O’Toole has brought to light some troubling practices

Throughout my studies, expanding my research skills in Architectural has, with time, grown to be my long-standing passion and obsession. The Architectural field, therefore, stands out as the perfect career path for me. Progressively, I have come to realize that modern life is founded on innovations in architecture, with constant developments in the discipline making our lives more expedient and lively. It is such a realization that has motivated me to conclude that contributing to the professional evolution of architecture will provide me with a feeling of fulfillment and provide me with a meaningful

As cities began to grow with the population increase, the need for a sustainable development became more apparent as resources began to diminish in quantity and value.