behavior, learning and memory of an individual ( 1). While Dr. Noble noted the more affluent children possessed larger hippocampuses than their disadvantaged counterparts (Brain Trust 47), Hanson notes that the lifestyle of less affluent families affect the hippocampus negatively. For instance, maternal separation can negatively impact the hippocampus, I.e. working mother's. The lower the income a household has, the more stress it faces. Outstanding stress can have long-lasting negative effects on the hippocampus (1.). Hanson found that poor children had less gray matter within the hippocampus (5). Hanson concluded that “higher levels of chronic stress” could result in small hippocampal volumes into adulthood and other “early environment” factors, such as …show more content…
In his novel, The Outliers, Malcolm Gladwell makes note of this several times. When discussing that practice was all that was necessary to reach to the top of their field, referring to it as the 10,000th hour of practice, Gladwell acknowledge that “You can’t be poor, because if you half to hold down a part-time job to make ends meet, there won’t be enough time in the day to practice enough” (Gladwell 42). Gladwell observes the different parenting style from rich parents to poor parents contributes to the struggle that children face. While low-income children were more independent,and discipline, they were never imbued with the sense self-importance necessary to thrive in modern society (Gladwell 104). In his autobiography, Black Boy, Richard Wright retells at several times how the poverty he was brought up in and the strict discipline and parenting he faced left him reluctant to challenge authority. And it’s difficult to develop self-importance in a country where key decisions on regarding your quality of life are often mismanaged and put off in place of something more