Enicostema Phytochemical Analysis
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Phytochemical evaluation of Enicostemma littorale Blume
2.1.1.1 PHYTOCHEMISTRY
Phytochemistry is concerned mainly with a wide variety of secondary metabolites which is biosynthesized by plants. The plant kingdom represents a broad spectrum of treasure house of bioactive compounds. A best medicine is the sum of their active constituents. The beneficial therapeutic and physiological effects of a plant depend on the combination of secondary metabolites present in the plant. The phytochemical properties of plant compounds are verified with the traditional uses of the plants. In addition, phytochemical are the plant secondary metabolites which are not directly involved in the growth and development of a plant but serve as
…show more content…
It grows throughout India and more frequently near the sea and grows up to 1.5 feet height, simple or branched at the base. It is called as Chota-kirayat or Chota chirayata in Hindi, Mamejavo in gujarati, Nagajivha in Bengali and Vellarugu or Vallari in Tamil, Vallari in malayalam, White head in English, Chikka chiraayuta in Kanada, Nalaguli in Telugu, Mamajjakah in Sanskrit and Kaviyatu in Hindustani [20].
2.2.1.2 Taxonomical status
The taxonomic position of Enicostemma littorale Blume is as follows
Kingdom: Plantae
Subdivision: Angiospermae
Class:
…show more content…
Qualitative analysis of Enicostemma littorale Blume had shown the presence of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, anthroquinones and sterols [34]. A new flavone C-glucoside named as verticilliside was isolated for the first time from this species [35]. Swertiamarin was isolated from the green viscous mass obtained from an alcoholic extract of the drug treated with ether followed by ethyl acetate [36,37]. Flavonoids and xanthones were found to be present in this plant. Six phenolic acids viz: vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid were also found [38]. Seven flavonoids were isolated from alcoholic extract and their structures were identified as apigenin, genkwanin, isovitexin, swertisin, saponarin, 5-O-glucosylswertisin and 5-O-glucosylisoswertisin [39]. Methanol extract of E.littorale was found to contain different aminoacids like L-glutamic acid, tryptophan, alanine, serine, aspartic acid, L-proline, L-tyrosine, threonine, phenyl alanine, L histidine monohydrochloride, methionine, iso leucine, L-arginine monohydrochloride, DOPA, L-glycine, 2-amino butyric acid and valine [40].
In Indian traditional medicine, the plant is being used as antiinflammatory, digestive, thermogenic and liver tonic and used to treat diabetes mellitus, rheumatism abdominal ulcers, hernia, swelling, itches and insect
Daphnia Lab
620 Words | 3 PagesAs a result, plants have adapted ways to protect themselves against their natural predators by implementing “defense mechanisms”. Such adaptations may be structural or chemical, where structural mechanisms are simply parts of plant structural arrangement, such as thorns. Chemical defense mechanisms are more complex, and involve production of retarding chemical compounds and toxins. These volatile compounds are often released when the plant is damaged, and have physical effects on the predator.
Analysis Of Marigolds By Eugenia Collier
293 Words | 2 Pages“So, like a forgotten fire, a childhood can always flare up again within us (Gaston Bachelard).” This quote means that even in our most mature times we can still act like a child. I know for a fact that everyone still has part of our childhood with us. Even if we think that we are all grown up we still have a child’s spirit. It even says in the bible that we should have the faith of the child.
Sunflower Nutraceuticals Summary
1939 Words | 8 PagesGrowth and Value Creation at Sunflower Nutraceuticals Sunflower Nutraceuticals (SNC) is a nutraceuticals distributor based in Miami, Florida. Prior to 2012, SNC had flat annual sales growth with total revenues of $10 million and had been experiencing financing issues due to its thin margins and high working capital intensity. Miami Dade Merchant’s Bank (MDM) was SNC’s previous financier, but refused to increase SNC’s line of credit of $3.2 million, which was limiting SNC’s ability to grow because of the working capital constraints. In 2012, SNC decided to accept an alternative financing option from Averell & Tuttle (AT), an investment bank. AT provided SNC with a line of credit of $3.7 million at a 10% interest rate for a 10% equity stake.
Lizabeth's Growth In Marigolds By Eugenia Collier
1184 Words | 5 PagesAcross centuries, characters have been an important part in carrying a plot. Animals, people and even thought-up species can be the main focus of the story, allowing the plot to move forward. Authors use character actions and thoughts as ways to illustrate the traits that each of them portray. These traits are important, as they assist the progression of the story. Throughout the plot of Marigolds by Eugenia Collier, Lizabeth’s growth is tracked through the traits she demonstrates.
Characterization In Eugenia Collier's Marigolds
250 Words | 1 PagesSome authors use transformations in stories to show readers how characters change for the better as they go through hard times or make bad choices. Eugenia Collier uses the transformation in her fictional short story, Marigolds, to show us the change of the main character, Lizabeth, as she changes from childhood to womanhood when she destroys Miss Lottie’s marigolds. The story flashbacked to when Lizabeth was about to turn fifteen in the Depression and took place in the poor neighborhood she lived in, where she and her friends picked on Miss Lottie for being the poorest. Collier uses characterization to show Lizabeth’s change from childhood to womanhood.
Analysis Of Nanberry By Jackie French
1413 Words | 6 PagesNanberry by Jackie French outlines the attitudes and perceptions between the two diverse cultures of the indigenous Aborigines and the British during early contact in a manner of historical context. French portrays the initial impressions of the British from the perspective of a young Aboriginal boy; describing the incoming British as mysterious, unknown are creatures. The historical fiction gives insight that the early interactions between the two diverse cultures were approached with caution and curiosity, however no hostility. Nanberry provides insight on early interactions in an emotional and psychological level, of which promotes ideas of the different cultures attitudes and perceptions of each other. Written Primary Source: Vocabulary
Ap Biology Research Paper
1818 Words | 8 PagesFurther, in order to absorb water and other nutrients from the soil the roots were developed to anchor the plant to achieve this purpose. Material transportation: In the water, different parts of the plant get nutrients and water directly from their environment,
Pete Anderson Case Summary
340 Words | 2 PagesHowever, after investigation through gel electrophoresis, the three kinds of plants were not identical. This relates to the
Brief Biography Of Agrippa Hull's Integrative Advant
63 Words | 1 PagesAgrippa Hull was a black Patriot who was born a free man. He was born on March 7, 1759 in Northampton, Massachusetts. His mother name was Bathsheba Hull and his father name is unknown because he died when he was an infant. His mother raised him until he was six years old, when she sent him to live with a free black family.
Geeta Kothari If You Eat Analysis
793 Words | 4 PagesArticle “If You Are What You Eat, Then What Am I?” was published in 1999 in the Kenyon Review. The author describes her childhood life growing up with Indian immigrants. She feels a deep separation from not just her parents but her culture as well. Writer Geeta Kothari explores her personal identity through food. Kothari uses unique writing structure and personal stories to form a well-written piece.
St. John's Wort Research Paper
531 Words | 3 PagesHerbal products have been used for treatments since ancient times, before the exploration of synthetic industrial drugs. Since herbs are natural, most of the consumers believes herbal products are completely safe and the product use continuously increased and is reported 10-19% growth in United States. In U.S.A any botanical product affects the structure and functions of the body belongs to either a drug or dietary supplement and FDA regulates the dietary supplement. The author of this paper selected St. John’s wort ,as the herbal supplement for this assignment of patient educational flyer. Product Description: St. John’s wort (SJW) is a yellow flowering plant, grows in the wild used for health purpose for long time .The
Sunflower Nutraceuticals Case Study
1937 Words | 8 PagesGrowth and Value Creation at Sunflower Nutraceuticals Sunflower Nutraceuticals (SNC) is a nutraceuticals distributor based in Miami, Florida. Prior to 2012, SNC had flat annual sales growth with total revenues of $10 million and had been experiencing financing issues due to its thin margins and high working capital intensity. Miami Dade Merchant’s Bank (MDM) was SNC’s previous financier, but refused to increase SNC’s line of credit of $3.2 million, which was limiting SNC’s ability to grow because of the working capital constraints. In 2012, SNC decided to accept an alternative financing option from Averell & Tuttle (AT), an investment bank. AT provided SNC with a line of credit of $3.7 million at a 10% interest rate for a 10% equity stake.
Advantages Of A Dominant Sporophyte
771 Words | 4 PagesThe answer- plants have developed many important behavioural and physiological methods not shared
Loreal Pestel Analysis
1016 Words | 5 Pages. STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS a. PEST Analysis: i. Political: L 'Oreal faced issues in the dermatology branch led by Galderma due to new legislations governing drugs. The EU law affects L 'Oreal and restricts their use of certain kinds of carcinogenic chemicals, such as Phthalates. L 'Oreal is obligated to produce safe products that do not contain any harmful substances.
Importance Of Plants Essay
2023 Words | 9 PagesIntroduction Plants are a major necessity in the balance of nature, people’s lives, and our terrain. We may not realize it, but plants are the ultimate source of food for almost 95% of the world population so says the National Group of Food. It’s a fact that over 7,000 species of plants are being consumed today. Plants are one of the reasons that we get clean water; as they help regulate the water cycle.
More about Enicostema Phytochemical Analysis
Daphnia Lab
620 Words | 3 PagesAnalysis Of Marigolds By Eugenia Collier
293 Words | 2 PagesSunflower Nutraceuticals Summary
1939 Words | 8 PagesLizabeth's Growth In Marigolds By Eugenia Collier
1184 Words | 5 PagesCharacterization In Eugenia Collier's Marigolds
250 Words | 1 PagesAnalysis Of Nanberry By Jackie French
1413 Words | 6 PagesAp Biology Research Paper
1818 Words | 8 PagesPete Anderson Case Summary
340 Words | 2 PagesBrief Biography Of Agrippa Hull's Integrative Advant
63 Words | 1 PagesGeeta Kothari If You Eat Analysis
793 Words | 4 PagesSt. John's Wort Research Paper
531 Words | 3 PagesSunflower Nutraceuticals Case Study
1937 Words | 8 PagesAdvantages Of A Dominant Sporophyte
771 Words | 4 PagesLoreal Pestel Analysis
1016 Words | 5 PagesImportance Of Plants Essay
2023 Words | 9 Pages