Mass Incarceration and Minority Communities Mass incarceration within the United State of America is a controversial topic in politics today because of the negative effects it has on minority communities. “The United States leads the world in the percentage of its population that serves time in prison or jail.1,2 As of 2012, nearly 7 million men and women are on probation, parole, or under some other form of community supervision, which means that nearly 3% of the American adult population is currently involved in correctional supervision,” (Hatzenbuehler, Keyes, Hamilton, and Uddin, 2015). How does it affect the minority communities? According to the NAACP’s website “African American and Hispanics comprised 58% of all prisoners in 2008, …show more content…
However, if one is brought up in an environment where education is not valued then there has to be other options one has to explore in order to achieve income and more than likely without an education, the income achieved will not be enough to support an entire family. This in most cases happens to be the difference between minorities who thrive and those who do not. This is not to say that there are not some minorities out there who are successful even without extended education. Considering that a business license does not require higher education, there are some family businesses and trade skills that have been taught to generations after generations that have kept some families successful whether they decided to pursue higher education or …show more content…
There should be a way of ruling with compassion where even those with authority should show a sincere desire to help because it lessens the amount of hostility when correcting one’s behavior. Also, there should be programs that will help convicts to function better in society upon release so that they do not go back to the same mischief. Mass Incarceration serves to be problematic within the United States of America, but there can be solutions and hopefully one day there will be a public official will come along and implement these
Over the last thirty years, the prison population in the United States has increased more than seven-fold to over two million people, including vastly disproportionate numbers of minorities and people with little education. For some racial and educational groups, incarceration has become a depressingly regular experience, and prison culture and influence pervade their communities. Almost 60 percent of black male high school drop-outs in their early thirties have spent time in prison. In Punishment and Inequality in America, sociologist Bruce Western explores the recent era of mass incarceration and the serious social and economic consequences it has wrought.
African Americans have faced injustice and discrimination for centuries. One major problem blacks had to overcome was the institution of slavery. Slavery in the United States began in 1619 and ended in 1865 with the ratification of the 13th amendment. This declared that all forms of slavery or servitude be outlawed. Yet even after the conclusion of slavery, blacks had to face discrimination and prejudice until they were viewed as equal.
Women of color are also 5 times more likely to get incarceration than their white counter parts. The era of mass incarceration is stronger than ever here are that facts and solutions to this problem. Let’s first
Minority groups are over-represented in both American Court Systems and Correctional Institutions. What role or actions should minority communities themselves play in reducing minority member’s criminal involvement with the justice system? Use current research or data to support your ideas. Studies have been around since the 1970s and 1980s that asked if African-Americans and Hispanics were sentenced more harshly than Whites. Newer research, including the study by Spohn (2013, p. 76), focuses on “identifying the circumstances under which or the contexts in which race matters.”
Bernie Sanders, a prominent social justice defender and U.S. presidential candidate, tweeted “Mass incarceration harms our society, pulls families apart. #JusticeNot4Sale Act will begin to turn that around,” introducing his initiative to rehabilitate America’s criminal justice system and reduce the nation’s prison population. In an interview with NBC, Sanders discussed the overwhelming disparity in the African American prison population relative to other ethnic groups. According to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, African Americans make up 13% of the United States population, and account for 60% of those in prisons. One in every 15 African American men are incarcerated, compared to every one and 106 white men.
According to, WHO, “If current trends continue, 1 of every 3 African American males born today can expect to go to prison in his lifetime, as can 1 of every 6 Latino males, compared to 1 in 17 White males” (p.88). According to WHO, “Most of us don’t know
In 2009,black males comprised less than thirteen percent of the U.S. population,21 but accounted for almost 40% of the male jail and prison population.22I African American men, with an incarceration rate of 4749 inmates per 100,000 U.S. residents, were incarcerated at a rate more than six times higher than that of white men (708 inmates per 100,000).25 This trend extends to juvenile delinquency courts. For example, in2007, juvenile arrest statistics showed that while African American youth accounted for only seventeen percent of the general population, they comprised fifty-one percent of arrests for juvenile violent arrests and thirty two percent of arrests for juvenile property arrests.29 It is well-documented that “youth of color enter and stay in the system with much greater frequency than White youth” in nearly all juvenile justice
Unfortunately, there are racial disparities in the United States in the legal system. Prison sentences imposed on African American males in the federal system are nearly 20 percent longer than white males convicted of similar crimes. The 1994 Crime Bill signed by President Clinton established mandatory minimum sentences. African American and Latino offenders sentenced in state and federal courts face greater odds of incarceration than white offenders who are in similar situations and receive longer sentences than whites in some jurisdictions. Research has shown that race plays a significant role in determination on which homicide cases resulted in death sentences.
According to a report by The Sentencing Project, black Americans are incarcerated at a rate that is five times higher than white Americans. Furthermore, Hispanic Americans are incarcerated at a rate that is 1.4 times higher than white Americans. The report also found that black Americans make up 40% of the prison population despite only representing 13% of the overall population. One of the primary factors that determine a prison sentence is the severity of the crime committed.
Racial inequality is an American tradition. Relative to whites, blacks earn twenty-four percent less, live five fewer years, and are six times more likely to be incarcerated on a given day. Hispanics earn twenty-five percent less than whites and are three times more likely to incarcerated.1 At the end of the 1990s, there were one-third more black men under the jurisdiction of the corrections system than there were enrolled in colleges or universities (Ziedenberg and Schiraldi,
Something will always need to be fixed in society because society is a reflection of us, and we are not perfect. Recently, there’s been many issues that have caught the attention of people living all across the world. Things such as police brutality, sexual assault in the workplace, and immigration law, just to name a few, but there’s also been an underlying issue that people are becoming more informed about, and that I believe matters - prison reform. Prison reform matters because in many instances, prisoners are treated inhumanely when they are locked up, and aren’t treated as humans when they have served their time. I believe we can bring about change in the prison system by changing the way we punish people who do commit crimes and focusing more on actual rehabilitation.
This statistic could steam from since 1980 to present the prison system has quadrupled in population from a half of million people to roughly 2.5 million people(NAACP,2015). Some would say that this is the reason for the downward trend of violent crimes in America, Because more of the people are locked up and not on the streets in order to commit crimes. Which may be the case, but the question still remains why is the statics of race in the prison system still a overwhelmingly different. For Example African Americans are locked up 6 times more than white offenders, As of 2008 the prison system is predominantly (58%) made up of African Americans and Latinos (NAACP,2015). From these statistics, it could possibly be assumed that the socioeconomic status from where a person is from could lead to a answer as to why this is happening all over
whose family is originally from the three mentioned areas. The criminal justice system in the U.S. has discriminated against the Latino over time. Many proposals and strategies to address the disparate treatment of Latino/as within the criminal justice system remain unimplemented Latinos constitute the second largest ethnic and racial group in the US whites with a population of 50.5 million meaning that one in every six people in America and one in four children aged 18 years and below are Latino. Despite the fact that Latinos represent a similar proportion as whites, they are dramatically overrepresented as crime victims in our courts, jails and prisons. According to research, they receive harsher treatment in arrests, pretrial proceeding and sentencing than whites charged with same offenses (Morin & Delgado, 2009).
African American now are nearly 1 million of 2.3 million incarcerated population. They are being incarcerated six times the rate of whites. Together, with Hispanics, they are covering prisons by 58 percent as of
The United States has a larger percent of its population incarcerated than any other country. America is responsible for a quarter of the world’s inmates, and its incarceration rate is growing exponentially. The expense generated by these overcrowded prisons cost the country a substantial amount of money every year. While people are incarcerated for several reasons, the country’s prisons are focused on punishment rather than reform, and the result is a misguided system that fails to rehabilitate criminals or discourage crime. This literature review will discuss the ineffectiveness of the United States’ criminal justice system and how mass incarceration of non-violent offenders, racial profiling, and a high rate of recidivism has become a problem.