Montesquieu's Declaration Of Independence

Arabs, Britain took Palestine from the Ottoman Turks in 1917-1918. Arabs rebelled against Turks, because Britain promised them the independence of their countries in 1915-1916 through correspondence with, the leader of Mecca, Sharīf Ḥusayn ibn cAlī. However, Britain made other conflicting commitments in secret through the Sykes-Picot Agreement with France and Russia in the 1916, pledging to divide and rule the Arab regions with its allies. In a third agreement, in the 1917 Balfour Declaration, Britain promised Jews to help establish a “national homeland” in Palestine. In 1917, the British defeated the Ottomans and occupied Palestine .

The Arab peninsula was under control of the Ottoman Turks. During WW1 in the time period of 1914-1918 it allowed Arab tribes to fight against the Turks. The Arabs fought on the side of the Allies. Arabs hoped to be freed from Turkish control and gain independence, TE Lawrence went to speak to Arab tribes to gain their support for WWI. France and Great Britain planned on taking Arab states as colonies. In November of 1917 a resolution calling for the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. This resolution caused anger amongst Arab community they believed Palestine would be a free Arab State. This declaration was made for one to influence US Jewish businessmen in supporting war. The Jewish population continued to support Russian involvement,

Australia is a country located between the South Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. It has a population of over 24 million people. Although Christianity makes up over 60% of Australia, there are only roughly 110,000 Jews in Australia whose History dates back to the 18th Century and has kept growing ever since. Today, the Jewish community in Australia, which only accounts for 0.5% of the population is very active and it is still a big part of Australia.

The enlightenment was a movement that occurred in several countries in Europe during the 18th century. Europe was divided amongst several different countries that were ruled by a king. Contrary to former monarchs in Europe in the centuries beforehand, these kings followed the example set by Louis XIV of France

Before the Enlightenment, europe ruled by an absolute monarch, which ruled by divine right (The idea that God gave them all their power and authority.) There was no freedom of religion or separation of state. The peasants, which made up the majority of the population being between seventy to ninety percent, had little to no money and had no concern about politics. Around the late seventeenth and eighteenth century the Enlightenment began also known as the age of reason. The Enlightenment was the time of applying reason to the human and natural world. The key ideas of the enlightenment were separation of powers,freedom of religion, women’s rights, and the spread of ideas.

The Philosophers in the Enlightenment With important ideas from important people comes great importance in change. A certain group of people who were well educated in Western Europe were called the Philosophes. They explored ideas on how to make society grow and how to make it a better place to live.

Looking back upon the origin of the Israel-Palestine conflict, one will see that Palestine once was a nation. For more than a century, the country has been occupied by other nations, though the conflict we today know as the Israel-Palestine conflict only started around the 1. World war. In order to fully grasp how actions made half a century ago, is able to have an impact so large on history that even today the Palestinian people are fighting for a Palestine. We have chosen to use Foucault's thoughts about power relations and Hannah Arendt’s thoughts on dignity in order to look at and analyse the power relationship between the Israeli government and the Palestinian people living on the oPt called the West Bank, further more we will be using the Danish radio programme “Arabic voices: As the Palestinians sees it” because we want to examine the conflicts young Palestinians can meet during their everyday lives.

“If my only other choice is to wash dishes and clean toilets and streets for these people, I’d rather be in their movies. At least I get to be some kind of Bedouin” (Lavie 340). The creation of the state of Israel and the ensuing wars and conflicts between Israel and other states have had and undeniable and permanent impact on the Bedouin of the Negev desert. This climate has resulted in the Bedouin losing part of their culture due to outside involvement. It has also forced them to adapt to form a new way of life that is both completely different and new; it is a contrived hybridization of western and Bedouin ideals. They face racism and bias based on historical interactions and western accounts in academia and the media. While Israel treats

These acts include; burning of Israeli flags, boycotting Israeli goods, and bomb threats on Jewish schools.

As stated by the Bible, Israel is the name given by God to Jacob. The present day state of Israel comprises the Jewish, the Palestinian as well as two different nationalities. Each nationality is inextricable from its spiritual identity. The Palestinians are Arabs whose customs are founded in Muslim culture; their culture is defined by the Jews in large part around their faith at the same time. Each group identifies as portion of a bigger, international spiritual and ethnic community, and each one has a history in the area that goes back to ancient times. (Everyculture.com, 2016) (Pedersen & Møller, 1926)

The term “Zionism” originally encapsulated the longing Jews in exile expressed for Palestine and their desire to return and permanently inhabit their homeland as prophesied in the Torah. Zionism as an ideology did not form until the end of the 19th Century as Jews confronted anti-semitism , pogroms, and diasporic living conditions which could only be overcame by returning to their Jewish Homeland. Since the conception of the Zionist Ideology, there have been various movements who have created their own unique ideas on Zionism and their definition of a Jewish State. By comparing and contrasting the Hibbat Zion and Revisionist movements it demonstrates how the original definition of Zionism has been broken into sects which represents different

On 14 May 1948, David Ben-Gurion proclaimed the State of Israel, founded on the Zionist Movement, which supports the creation of a Jewish homeland. Directly after this declaration of independence, numerous Arab nations made it clear that they would go to extreme lengths to prevent the establishment of the Jewish state. A coalition of four Arab countries - Egypt, Syria, Trans-Jordan and Iraq - and Palestinian forces immediately attacked Israel, in what became known as the Palestinian War. Numerous wars followed and continue to, up until the present day. Apart from constant conflict with the Arab nations, Israel had also been the victim of unrelenting terrorist attacks, both within its borders and against her citizens throughout the world. After the defeat of the

According to our studies, the Enlightenment was a movement that prioritized the human capacity for reason as the highest form of human attainment (Lecture Insert Cite). The Enlightenment originally began in Europe and found it 's way to the colonies. Before the Enlightenment, people had always believed that the social class in which they were born into would be the one in which they would die. People would follow their leader 's words without daring to question them and believed that when they died they would either face eternal salvation or eternal damnation. There was no room for thought. They were told what to think and do and they did not dare question it. That is until in the 1500 's, a European scientist named Copernicus began questioning the foundational beliefs everyone had previously been lead to believe by their leaders. This led to a change in what the people believed. Thus, by the 1600 's, educated people were postulating whether natural laws governed society and the universe (lecture cite). Essentially, the Enlightenment challenged the role of religion and divine right. This assisted Colonial America is seeing that it was possible to challenge the King and divine right. The movement ended up taking a scientific approach to the world and human nature as it challenged the role of God. It allowed people to see that

Over the years, Israelis have had to defend themselves from foreign armies, suicide bombers and missiles. Over recent weeks, they’ve been facing a new threat: young Palestinians wielding butcher knives. Attacks have been occurring almost daily since the beginning of the month. Also last week, Palestinian youths set fire to Joseph’s Tomb in the West Bank. It has also been rumored that the Israelis plan to destroy the al Aqsa mosque, Islam’s third holiest site, which was built atop the more ancient Temple Mount, Judaism’s most sacred ground. Al-Aqsa Mosque is the third holiest site in Islam and is located in the Old City of Jerusalem. It is the site on which the silver domed mosque sits, along with the Dome of the Rock, or the Temple Mount, the

Over years as Pan Arabism and Arab Israeli evolved, they interconnected throughout history numerous amounts of times. The conflicts between Pan Arabism and Arab Israeli lead back way into the late of the 19th century. As political movements progressed across the Middle East, they got further introduced to Nationalism and Zionism and soon enough have been dispersed throughout the Holy Land, Palestine. After the rise of Pan Arabism and Arab- Israeli conflicts which had commenced during the time of the Ottoman Empire, they faced each other in variety of occurrences, which lead to consequences in the economical and political factors of each empire and it’s movement. Pan Arabism, the nonreligious Arab nationalist beliefs established by Michel