The issue of cell ethics poses a vast number of questions as to who retains rights of cells once they are removed from a person, and who may benefit financially from this. As she breaks apart sections and places scenes in her book, Rebecca Skloot develops the ironies that consume the world of cell research and the ethics that supposedly govern it. Through her writing, Skloot makes readily apparent the trouble created by this, citing John Moore’s case where he cannot win ownership of his cells because Henrietta did not vie for the rights of hers after her death displays the issues brought forth by it. In her novel, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, Skloot carefully breaks apart her chapters and juxtaposes scenes in such a way that she may …show more content…
Despite the progress in medicine, doctors from the early 20th century and later neglected the rights of their patients and simply focused on research. Carrels work with the Nazis and the Jewish doctors refusal to work with Southam as a result of the Nuremberg Trials serve to strengthen Skloot’s point. While some doctors sought to be ethical in their work and uphold the guidelines for cell ethics, as a whole the standards are not upheld. This too ties back to the stories of Mo and HeLa, where their cells were taken and used in these unethical manners that Skloot so detests, and they are woven together in such a way that each story lends a historical basis to the next. In her writing, Skloot provides the details of the lack of cell ethics present in early cell research and makes evident the lack of growth in that part of the field. Though there have since become guidelines, for much of the first half century of cell research all projects were riddled with a lack of ethical treatment of the patients and the exploitation of them and their cells. Despite the gripes of the patients, especially those whom are mentioned by Skloot, they are largely ignored in favor of the money making giant that is the cell growing
Introduction In this book, author Rebecca Skloot sets out to give a biography of the late Henrietta Lacks. She had first heard of Henrietta Lacks in her freshman biology class at 16 years old. After only learning her name and skin color, Skloot became very much curious. Twenty-two years later, all her research was published as The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks.
“They certainly give very strange names to diseases.” - Plato Rebecca Skloot wanted to get this word across about how race, class, ethics, and other factors play a role in the science world today. Especially with the need of biological samples for research. When Skloot first found out about the cells, her father had gotten sick with an illness that was undiagnosable. Once it was determined he had brain damage, he had enrolled in a medical study.
Henrietta Lacks was a thirty-one year old African American who had five kids and married her cousin David Lacks. Henrietta was diagnosed with cervical cancer, the doctors never informed Mrs. Lacks that her cells were to be tested on. The Lacks family was certainly not advised that Henrietta 's cells were growing at an incredible rate. Because of this, the cancer cells were shipped and bought across the world. The last 8 months of Henrietta’s death became a piece of history nobody would ever want to forget.
All this of this testing on HeLa cells has led to thousands of new pieces of knowledge advancing scientific technology. The amount of HeLa cells that have been produced is so substantial that researchers estimate that if the cells were to be laid down all end-to-end, the cells would wrap around the planet at least three times. HeLa cells made it possible to expose the cells to conditions that wouldn't have been ethical if they were inside a human body. However it is quite strange that exposing cells inside a human body would be unethical, still there was no question of ethics when cells were taken and used from a dead body without the permission of the individual. At the time, the general standpoint of medical science is that cells are taken from an individual and used for research benefit the common good, therefore it is okay to use them.
The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks is a novel by Rebecca Skloot detailing the life of Henrietta Lacks and her family. In her 2010 narrative, Skloot explores the scientific discoveries made through the use of the so-called HeLa cells obtained from Henrietta in her final years, as well as the results of malpractice within segregated hospitals and the effects on the Lacks family. The importance of these topics was only amplified with each new advancement and each new onus transferred to the Lacks family. Consequently, strong held beliefs by both the scientific community and Henrietta’s ancestors clashed. The story of Henrietta Lacks began on a plantation in Virginia in 1920, but the most impactful years of her life came at the end of her time.
The book lays bare the painful history, what can be called as disquieting in present ethical views, on how tissue samples were obtained without consent and how the family was kept in the dark about HeLa cells for many years since Lacks’ death in 1951, which evoked questions and issues on privacy and ethics in the practice of medical and scientific research. Even so, during the that time it was not considered unethical to obtain living tissue samples from a patient without consent or to provide unauthorized medical
However, she along with her entire family had absolutely no knowledge of the use of her cells. This sparks the ethical controversy that surrounds the medical field, when and how should human
Ethics throughout science are very controversial as they are the model of distinguishing between right and wrong throughout all aspects of research. Throughout Honeybee Democracy and The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks we are given an insider’s perspective to the ethics, or the lack there of, regarding the ongoing research and the researchers conducting it. Although the books cover very different subject matter, there are divisions of their research and within their individual ethics that are almost indistinguishable. One of the most highly debatable and common questions of ethics stems from the idea of whether it is acceptable to sacrifice lives for science.
Deborah Lacks, eldest daughter of Henrietta Lacks, emphasizes the actuality that there needs to be a certain standard in medical ethics to protect one’s basic human rights, “Everybody knew black people were disappearing cause Hopkins was experimenting on them!” (169). Skloot implies to the reader that basic human rights were compromised because of the lack of clearly stated medical ethics. Thereby patients undergo unethical experimentation that can be harmful to them because medical ethics are not clearly stated and the doctors have found mischievous ways to perform unethical experiments. Thereby black people are disappearing because doctors are more worried about themselves than their patients thus allowing them to pass away when they are able to be saved.
4. During the whole story Ms. Skloot continuously presents situations in which the lacks family is interacting with some individuals from the world of medicine. In these instances the author’s tone of writing sometimes makes it feel as though she is unconsciously or cunningly siding with the family. Especially in the third section of the book immortality where an assistant to the president of Hopkins named Ross Jones replied to a Sociologist by the name of Barbra Wyche who had written the letter to William Brody who was president in the letter she discussed whether the decision to take the cells and what they did for science was right. In Jones’s reply he stated that he was “uncertain what role Hopkins might play I’m any plan to celebrate
“A Question of Ethics” by Jane Goodall and “Animal Research Saves Lives” by Heloisa Sabin presents two sides of the same coin in regards to Animal testing. Thereby, questioning the validity or necessity of animal research and testing today. In “A Question of Ethics” by Goodall she presents a scenery of the living conditions of the animals which are often isolated; posing the ultimate questions of, whether animal research is essential to medical research? Or How many tests are performed only to conform to laws and not out of scientific merit? The Suggestion was made that scientists should explore alternative options, such as testing on cell and tissue cultures.
The moral dilemma of the novel is the fact that “no one had told Henrietta that TeLinde was collecting samples” (Skloot 33). In addition, the cells were used, sold, and developed without the consent of Henrietta or informed consent of any family members. These cells, which were illegally obtained and the doctors “were sure Henrietta’s cells would die just like all the others,” that was not the case (Skloot 33). After her death, Henrietta’s cells “kept growing like nothing anyone had seen, doubling their numbers every twenty-four hours” and were coined as immortal (Skloot 40). The title might appear misleading because Henrietta is not immortal, her cells are.
Participation Portfolio 1 Asst 3: Henrietta Lacks Discussion Questions Please answers each of the following questions, and be prepared to discuss in class 1. Please outline the history of Henrietta Lacks 's tissue cells. Who did what with the cells, when, where and for what purpose? Who benefited, scientifically, medically, and monetarily?
The origination of HeLa cells, used in biomedical research for a potential cure for cancer, had made many ground breaking discoveries in science; all thanks to one woman, Mrs. Henrietta Lacks. The history of Mrs. Lacks’s contribution to these studies raised many ethical issues concerning healthcare practice. In the short film, The Way of All Flesh, we learn how these cells were revealed by direct violation of ethical principles. During the 1950s, matters regarding informed consent practices were in their beginning stages of implementation.
An essential part of modern society relied on trust, especially the trust of doctors and scientists. People had the right to make an informed decision about their bodies and body parts. People had a right to their body parts, both attached and cell samples collected by doctors. The actions that the medical professions made will continue to affect future generations in both positive and negative ways. In the contemporary biographical novel, the Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, Rebecca Skloot used logical opinions to argue about the importance of consent to reveal the lack of morality from those in the medical field which continues to persist today.