Susan B. Anthony: The African American Civil Rights Movement

Often cited as the foundational period of the civil rights movement, this time period set the path for racial equality. The actions of Tommie Smith and John Carlos ultimately caused the engagement of the public in the “Black Power Salute” movement. Them and many other activists pursuing the dream of total equality have had long term effect on the United States’ policies. In the photograph “Black Power Salute”, the two African American men used the olympics as their opportunity to show the world what they believe in through civil disobedience, fearlessness, and unity.

A fellow student introduced Chapman to his father, Charles Koppelman, co-owner of SBK Records. He assisted Chapman in signing a record deal with Elektra Records. Chapman’s self-titled debut album, released in 1988, received major commercial success. More than ten million copies were sold. Despite her large-scale popularity in an era in which MTV defined pop culture, Ellerine Diengdoh, professor of English Language and Literature, argues that Chapman “recreated the image of an artist isolated from the sexual imagery associated with music video entertainers popular in that era” (182).

Malcolm rose quickly and became the prime minister of Temple 11 in Boston a temple in which he founded. He was then given the No. 7 Temple located in Harlem. Temple No. 7 was the largest and prestigious temple known for the Nation of Islam after the headquarters in Chicago.

“Huey Newton and Bobby Seale. The two leading revolutionary men created the national organization as a way to collectively combat white oppression. After constantly seeing black people suffer from the torturous practices of police officers around the nation, Newton and Seale helped to form the pioneering black liberation group to help build community and confront corrupt systems of power.” (Huff. Post, 2016)

They were both born into royalty. Mandela was imprisoned in 1964 and wasn’t released until 1990. He became a worldwide symbol during this time, then became the first black president of South Africa. Kamehameha was the first Hawaiian to unite all the Hawaiian islands. After the unification of the islands, he worked hard to trade and keep his kingdom under control.

led a march from Selma, Alabama to Montgomery, Alabama. The march is widely known and he also gave a speech just like his “I Have A Dream” speech in Washington, the speech was called “How Long? Not Long”. The Selma march and the March on Washington have a big relationship with the Black Lives Matter movement in which all movements involve African Americans fighting for their rights. The Selma and Black Lives Matter movement both were started when a Caucasian person wrongfully killed an African American.

Mandela was a leader in African National Congress. The story says that “he was in a political party that opposed South Africa’s policy of racial segregation.” Mandela became the world’s best-known political prisoner. In the story it says, “he was sentenced to life prison, but he never gave up.” In 1990 he was released, and became South Africa’s first black president.

He had been the leader of the 2nd biggest unity/equality rally over the entire American history. One of his famous quotes were “The common goal of 22 million Afro-Americans is respect as human beings, the God-given right to be a human being. Our common goal is to obtain the human rights that America has been denying us (MalcolmX.com). We can never get civil rights in America until our human rights are first restored. We will never be recognized as citizens there until we are first recognized as humans” (MalcolmX.com).

Alongside with the ANC Mandela became an image of freedom in the whole world and it was the start of a revelation of people that wanted to have the same rights as everybody. Slowly, with the help of international pressure, apartheid started to fall into pieces and with his persistence and leadership, in 1994 he finally destroyed Apartheid by being elected as the first black president in South African history. In all his years as a politician he became an image for millions of people around the world showing that persistence and commitment could do things that seem impossible. With all the things that he did South Africa had a fresh start. Everybody had a voice and the non-whites where the majority.

The best-known holebi-association today in Japan would be “Ugoku Gei to Rezubian no Kai” (Association of Moving gays and lesbians". In 1994 this organization won a lawsuit against the government when they were forbidden from obtaining a private meeting place. In 1994 Tokyo for its first gay pride that since then has become an annual event. Gay pride parades are now also organized in other regions of Japan. The largest parade of Japan, after the one in Tokyo, is in Sapporo, the capital of the most northern Japanese island of Hokkaido.

Who is Benjamin Jealous? Benjamin Jealous was the NAACP leader from 2008 until 2013. Ben also was the youngest NAACP leader in history and under his leadership, NAACP grew into the largest civil rights group in the US. Before Jealous was the leader of NAACP, he was a journalist for 15 years, and had a passion to fight for people’s rights.

The Death of Reconstruction With the Civil War finally over, the United states can now introduce the Southern citizens back into their society. 1876 just so happened to be the 100th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence. Sixteen African-American politicians were elected into Congress which is a huge step from where they were a less than a year ago. However, Reconstruction was killed by the North because Grant was too wrapped up in his reputation, racism towards blacks, and the Panic of 1873. 1876 was an exciting year for America because the Declaration of Independence’s 100th anniversary was happening.

Reconstruction Era I believe the Reconstruction era is considered a success in that it ended the separation between the North and the South and that it restored the United States as a unified nation. The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendment was added to the constitution. The 13th amendment outlawed slavery, the 14th amendment protected all Americans under the law and the 15th amendment extend suffrage to all men. The Freedman’s Bureau and the Civil Rights Act worked to get African Americans back on their feet. For the first time black men were elected to government positions such as governor and senator.

In his article ‘Movements before Stonewall need to be remembered, too’, Adam Dupuis discusses the fact that while the Stonewall Uprising was an important event in LGBT history, the events before it should not be dismissed as lesser. The author emphasizes the Annual Reminders, seminal protests which took place in Philadelphia every Fourth of July from 1965 to 1969. Not only were the Annual Reminders the first sustained LGBT demonstrations, but they were the first gay rights protests to have members from multiple cities, with forty activists from Washington, D.C., New York, and Pennsylvania participating. However, these events were discontinued upon the occurrence of the Stonewall Riot in 1969, when the organizers of the Reminders made the decision

The film, Milk, was a story about one man named Harvey Milk who changed history. He was the first openly gay man to be voted into major public office in America. This was a giant victory for gay rights and his courage changed a lot of people’s lives. Harvey Milk changed the very nature of what it means to fight for human rights and especially gay rights. When I was watching this movie, I was reminded about the #Black Lives Matter campaign.