International Court of Justice Essays

1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 ABOUT ICJ The ICJ is not the first world court; it is the successor of the Permanent Court of International Justice. The PCIJ began operations in 1922, and at its peak in the late 1920s and early 1930s issued about two judgments on contentious cases per year. However, it gradually lost relevance for governments beset by the problems created by the worldwide depression and the rise of fascism. By the late 1930s the PCIJ, like the League of Nations, had become irrelevant and it was

International laws are, by definition “A body of rules established by custom or treaty and recognized by nations as binding in their relations with one another” (www.oxforddictionaries.com). International law is a very significant topic because it affects everyone globally. In this research report, I would like to explore the advantages and disadvantages of international laws and consider if they should be enforced in all countries. The modern system we use today was developed in the 17th century

of reducing crimes of human rights abuses internationally, the creation of the International Criminal Court was being discussed during a conference in Rome in 1998. Amongst the discussion was the Rome Statute, which was issued along with the International Criminal Court in 2002. The reason for the creation of the International Criminal Court was to attempt to prevent countries political leaders from breaking international law. The group was focused on preventing crimes against humanity and genocide

“The guilt of such individuals is so black that they fall outside… any judicial process” (Overy Making Justice). This was said by Anthony Eden, Britain’s foreign secretary, in 1942. He was talking about Nazis and major Axis leaders. In 1946, however, major war criminals did fall into a judicial process: The Nuremberg Trials. The Nuremberg Trials were a series of 13 trials that occurred during the years that followed World War II. The goal of these trials was to punish and convict major war criminals

presidents in Africa. In July 2008 the prosecutor of the International Criminal Court accused al-Bashir of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes in Darfur. The court issued an arrest warrant for al-Bashir on March 2009 on counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity but ruled that there was insufficient evidence to prosecute him for genocide and al-Bashir became the first sitting president to be indicted by the International Criminal Court for allegedly directing a campaign of mass killing

In this essay I seek to examine the nature of the relationship between the national courts and the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) under Article 267 of the TFEU. The level of cooperation between both the CJEU and the national courts under the preliminary reference procedure has been an area of discussion with an array of views. In theory the relationship between both the courts is said to be a horizontal partnership, with the CJEU merely providing assistance to national judges however

Imagine a man walking down the street suddenly getting robbed. The man who is pickpocketed will certainly detest such injustice and gain the sympathy of society. On the other hand, the thief will be looked down by society. People judge the thief based only on this incident and brand him as a disgraceful and spiteful member of the community. What the public has failed to realize are the internal strife and emotions that the perpetrator has to bear due to his crime. If he or she were given the choice

No, The United States Should Not Join the International Criminal Court, because the International Criminal Court (ICC) is an inter-governmental tribunal and an organization with headquarters located in Hague in Netherlands. It has the duty to prosecute individuals who have carried out genocide, atrocities, and crimes against humanity (Schabas 2). The court was formed in July 2002. It was the year when the Rome Statute was enforced. This document represented a multilateral treaty that serves as the

1. Crimes of genocide The terms genocide, first time, was innovated by Rafel Lamkin with combination Greek and Genos (in the sense of ethnicity or race) and Latin suffix side (in the sense of killing). In Article 6 of the statute of ICC, crimes of genocide are defined so; “the purpose of genocide in this statute is related to following committed acts in order to destroy all or part of national, ethnic, racial or even religious group of people because of having these elements: a. Murdering members

Darfur is where this genocide occurred and Darfur is located in Sudan. The time period when this started was in 2002 but officially started in 2003. In 2003, Africans in Darfur started a revolt against the government of Sudan. This eventually lead to the event known as The Darfur genocide. The Darfur Genocide was a horrific event that involved mass death, dieses, and was one the biggest civil wars in Africa. The government of Sudan retaliated back by hiring Arab Militia to raid Non Arabic villages

Thousands killed in the Leopold outbreak. King Leopold should be condemned for his brutal actions, and for making the population more then half in population, like in Lukolela “The population in the villages of Lukolela in January 1891 must have been not less than 6,000 people, but when I counted the whole population in Lukolela at the end of December 1896. I found it to be only 719… but judge of my heartache when on counting them all again on Friday and Saturday last, to find only a population of

In the last decade, progress has been made in establishing criminal responsibility for the recruitment and use of child soldiers. The Child Soldier Accountability Act is a positive next step as it would enable the US to prosecute military commanders who recruit or use child soldiers under the age of 15, whether committed here or abroad by either US citizens or non-citizens present in the United States. Human Rights Watch has investigated the recruitment and use of children as soldiers in over a dozen

The Genocide in Darfur, Sudan started in 2003. The genocide is being carried out by government officials known as the Janjaweed. The Janjaweed will enter a random village without notice. They will destroy the entire village by bombing schools, clinics, and hospitals. They will burn down homes and other buildings. They shoot the men and rape the women and children. Most women and children will then be captured and taken as slaves. The Genocide in Darfur has become so horrid that today, there are very

“What is the ‘Sudan Genocide’?” The “Darfur Genocide” indicates to the ongoing slaughter and rape of Darfuri women, men, and children in Sudan. This genocide is referred to as “the first genocide of the 21st century”, as the killings started to occur in 2003. In Sudan, trauma and violence still lingers. As thousands have been killed and over a million are injured no shelter, Sudan is now filled with famine and annihilation. “Where is the Sudan Genocide occurring?” The genocide is occurring in

“The preliminary reference procedure is central to the development of EU law, but its role has at times been constrained by the CJEU and national courts’ reluctance to engage with it.” The Preliminary Referencing Procedure: An Insight into its Functioning and Constraints Considered by some to be “by far the most important aspect of the judicial system of the [EU] community” , Article 267 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) and the preliminary reference procedure has been

The Ugly Christmas Sweater: From ironic nostalgia to festive simulation The Ugly Christmas Sweater is a cultural symbol that brings happiness to all ages and gives personal, familial warmth to those during the Christmas season. The Christmas season nowadays is one of the most busy and stressful times of year in terms of financial and emotional stress. The Ugly Christmas Sweater parties may offer an escape from the holiday stress. The best part about the Ugly Christmas Sweater parties though is it

What would you prefer a big unfulfilling Christmas or a small and joyful holiday with friends and family? The author Hugh Martin of the song “Have yourself a merry little Christmas” did a great job on demonstrating the the theme in every verse. The theme of the song is that you do not need a big Christmas to enjoy the holidays, that family and friend are what Christmas is about. This analysis will show the poetic devices used to carry the theme. The poetic devices that were used were repetition,imagery

A court-martial is a military court. A court-martial is empowered to determine the guilt of members of the armed forces subject to military law, and, if the defendant is found guilty, to decide upon punishment. Most militaries maintain a court-martial system to try cases in which a breach of military discipline may have occurred. In addition, courts-martial may be used to try prisoners of war for war crimes. The Geneva Convention requires that prisoner of wars who are on trial for war crimes

1. Outline the main characteristics of a common law legal system. “Common law dates from the 11th century when William I set up Royal Courts to apply a uniform (common) system of law across the whole of England” (Hughes & Ferrett 2011). Until that time there were laws that were differently interpreted from one city to another. “Common law is generally uncodified system. This means that there is no comprehensive compilation of legal rules and statutes. While common law does rely on some scattered

Opinion: I believe with the ruling. I am on the same page with Justice Samuel A. Alito Jr. I agree 100% with his writing for the court, which stated that family-owned companies like Hobby Lobby should not be enforced to recompense for insurance coverage for contraception for workers over their religious oppositions. I believe that this ruling is accurate