6. Explain Why Evolution Often Selects Traits That Promote Genetic Diversity

Hemophilia (A and B) is a rare disease that experienced an abnormal bleeding within an internal or external in the human body due to lack of blood clotting factor VIII (Hemophilia A) and IX (Hemophilia B). It is genetically inherited disease or a mutation those two factors. An individual has a two pairing sex chromosome which is the X and Y, to determine whether the individual is a female (XX) or male (XY). The gene

The struggle for existence is a widely known concept, and a term famously used by Charles Darwin in his writings. The struggle for existence refers to the many organisms on Earth and their constant competition with each other. One of the many ways life struggles with each other is overpopulation. Overpopulation is when one species grows rapidly or more than normal, over some short amount of time. In one of Darwin’s writings, we have to “... give it some advantage over a different set of competitors or enemies.”

If one of the parents has a deformed or unfavorable gene, a child may acquire it leading to health problems and deformities. Some complications of inherited

This includes marriage, employment, and insurance. Insurers have a strong interest in treating a genetic predisposition as a pre-existing condition and to exempt it from coverage. But this would be manifestly unfair since there is nothing that a person can do to avoid being affected by such a predisposition. The positions in the literature vary, nonetheless, with respect to the degree to which the differentiation between, and the use of, classifiers are deemed offensive, Somek (2003). Marital Discrimination is also a form of genetic discrimination.

Alan Boyle stated that, although, the cloned offspring shares the genetic blueprint of the original, contained within nuclear DNA, researchers say different variables would make the clone not quite the same as its parents. This statement proved that cloning has lack of gene variation. Although cloning it has non beneficial it should not be banned. Cloning should not be banned because it helps infertile couples to have kids. Having kids brings an increased sense of meaning into people’s lives.

The inaccuracies for the steps they take is all kinds of logically wrong and makes no sense. Once the dinosaur blood was successfully extracted from the mosquito, they threw in some frog DNA to suture up the gene gaps to make up a dinosaur genome. Then after those steps, they dunked the embryo in an ostrich egg and waited for a raptor to hatch. None of those steps makes sense, and that is because they do not make no sense and it does not work that way. In real life, even if we forget the idea about the dinosaur genetic material that survived in liquid blood form, the frog DNA would be a terrible choice to use as a filler.

Risks of Genetic Engineering Although the benefits of genetically modifying organisms may seem vast, it is important to consider the fact that this is a very new technique, and the risks involved are not fully understood. Since the reason behind genetic engineering is basically to improve the quality of human lives, it is important to discuss the potential adverse affects that genetic engineering may have on human beings. One risk associated with genetic engineering is that it is based on the idea that each trait of an organism is encoded in a single gene, and that the transfer of that specific gene will also cause the transfer of the favored property. However, genes cannot be regarded as separate entities.

Some rare symptoms are premature ovarian failure, infertility, and seizures. Infertility is the inability to have children. Cause of the Disorder Triple-X is caused in two ways, mosaic and nondisjunction. Mosaic is when “incorrect cell division caused by a random error event in the embryo’s development.”(www.mayoclinic.org)

This helps organisms adapt to their environment and therefore giving these evolved organisms a higher chance of survival and producing more offspring. This inevitably causes these new offspring to be born with their parent’s helpful traits which would result in the population consisting of mostly these evolved offspring; those who don’t adapt will have a lower chance of survival and reproduction. Additionally, Darwin had four key points to prove his theory of evolution which are called the evidence of evolution consisting of the fossil record that helps determine how old a fossil is, geographic distribution of living species which helps explain how different species of an organism are located across the world, homologous body structures that are the same body structures that are the same organ or physical trait that are the same embryonic tissue, but become much more mature structures. Similarities in embryology when the early stages of organisms are very similar (especially in animals with backbones). Darwin also believed that evolution does not follow any particular pattern and is not predetermined.

A sheep named Dolly, the first animal cloned from a so called somatic body cell, came into the world as an innocent lamb. However, soon after the announcement of her birth in 1997 she caused panic all over the world. People started wondering; if the cloning of sheep is possible, will scientists soon start cloning humans? And if they did, would this be wrong, stupid, and dangerous for humanity? Most people despised the cloning of Dolly, as she was the first dangerous step towards human cloning, which is something a lot people still agree should never be done.

In “The Birthmark,” before Aylmer attempted to remove the birthmark from his wife, she started second guessing him, asking questions like, “Perhaps its removal may cause cureless deformity…” (Hawthorne 2). She was wondering if his solution would make her “flaw” worst, which it did in the end. The problem is, clones do not have this option, even though clone deformities are

Race and Ethnicity Race and ethnicity are used interchangeable by society but they are two very different things. One is used to describe science and the other sociology. Race describes physical characteristics and ethnicity describes culture characteristics. “Race is associated with biology, whereas ethnicity is associated with culture” (LiveScienceStaff, 2012). Race uses biological characteristics such as skin color, hair color, and eye color to separate it from one population to another.

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a disorder that is both mentally and physically challenging. Duchenne Syndrome is caused by the mutation of a gene on the X-chromosome. A muscle protein, dystrophin, is affected by this mutation. The damaged gene cannot make enough dystrophin to work right, so it will result in DMD. Dystrophin is a protein that is associated with muscles in the heart, bones, and some in the nerve

Mercola states how a gene transfer could frequently generate uncertain offsprings; “Horizontal gene transfer involves injecting a gene from one species into a completely different species, which yields unexpected and often unpredictable results” (Mercola 2). How exactly does the cloning process work? The process involves the removing of a mature somatic cell from a species then transferring the cell into an egg cell, from a donor, which contains no nucleus. This cloning process shows the certainty of the outcome cannot always be a hundred percent. Furthermore, the outcome of any cloning process cannot be a positive situation.

He also states “the fetus, or unborn baby, is a distinct individual. Even though it resides inside its mother, it is a separate entity genetically (Johnson).” Bringing science into the controversial topic, Johnson implicates that women doesn’t have a right to her own body because the baby is essentially a human of itself, with its own DNA and blood types. So, saying that women should have a right to their own body means that the baby doesn’t, meaning that the baby isn’t a human to some people and therefore shouldn’t be considered when it comes to abortions. Johnson also claims in an unfortunate situation such as rape, incest, or medical reasons the decision to abort the baby should be between the mother, family and doctor.