Fanconi Anemia Research Paper

Studies have shown that such a technique is very useful in regaining lost ability, because the patient is forced to use the affected extremity. Pulvermuller et al. (2001) argued that a similar approach could be made with aphasic patients, who tend to use the least effortful manner of communication—which is often gestures, drawings, and sometimes writing. However, these patients need to enhance their verbal communication skills, even more than just the simple utterances that they know they can

People with the disease have trouble behaving appropriately, even though they desperately want to appear like their normal selves, their brains aren’t up to it. Healthy individuals without Alzheimer’s or other forms of dementia still have that choice. Alzheimer’s is about change. It is gradual, but not as gradual as normal aging. It comes on more slowly than some kinds of dementias.

When a stroke injures the frontal regions of the left hemisphere, it can lead to Broca’s aphasia, which is a non- fluent aphasia. Characterised by laboured telegraphic speech (like a telegram without connecting words), reduced verbal content, phrase length is generally less than four words. The verbal repertoire is almost exclusively composed of content words (nouns and verbs), with a notable absence of function words (prepositions and conjunctions). Functional comprehension is present but patients have trouble following complex grammatical statements and can have great difficulty forming and understanding complete sentences. Aphasics can make mistakes in following directions like “left, right, under, and after.”

This can be because data does not transfer successfully from short-term memory into permanent long-term memory. It is often a permanent condition generally thought to be caused by damage to the hippocampus section of the brain. This damage can be caused by an accident, surgery, alcohol, and even an acute deficiency of thiamine known as Korsakoff’s syndrome. Which is a chronic memory disorder caused by severe deficiency of thiamine better known as the vitamin B-1.

Suffering from a closed head injury can either affect the cells and tissue throughout your brain or it is localized, meaning your brain is only affected in one area. Below, we have listed two of the most common closed head injuries sustained during a fall. Concussion A concussion alters the way your entire brain functions.

Ordinarily, most who hear this term believes it means seeing words wrong or reversing letters. Dyslexics ' are categorized as being unable to read, write, or spell (Schmitt & Clemens, 1994, Preface). The literal translation of dyslexia means “impaired words” (Schmitt & Clemens, 1994, p. 142), nevertheless dyslexia stretches far beyond reading and writing, although these are the most obvious handicaps, which Schmitt struggled with daily. Dyslexia causes a person to favor the right hemisphere of their brain than the left hemisphere, therefore “people with congenital or acquired dyslexia often have left-side handicaps that are so severe that most of their mental processes are delegated to the right hemispheres of their brains” (Schmitt & Clemens, 1994, p. 133). The left hemisphere of the brain is normally specialized in taking care of the analytical and verbal tasks, i.e. language skills, skilled movement, and analytical time sequence processing3.

These sounds give words their clarity. When your high frequency hearing is impaired, these sounds don’t come through very clearly. Most of the time, hearing aids do a great job at bringing these hard-to-hear consonants back for you, so speech can be heard clearly again. However, sometimes the damage to

MedLine Plus says “ A concussion is the mildest type of brain injury” which has many symptoms such as headaches that never go away or get worse, nausea and constant vomiting, weakness in the legs and arms, slurred words in the way you talk, seizures, dilation of your pupils and more. A moderate to severe brain injury may have cognitive difficulties with the way one concentrates making it hard for them to focus on most things. Memorizing things with neurological issues may also be hard due to the lack of damaged brain cells and nerves leading to confusion. There are many cons of having brain damage and one of the most issued problems may be language and the process of it. One may have problems with understanding words, being understood, speaking certain words, and difficulty with reading and writing.

The results showed that indeed the words at the semantic level of processing were remembered the best and the words of the structural level were memorized poorly. Nonetheless, it could be argued that the semantic level of processing would be different for all individuals depending on their background and life experiences, as perhaps some words are understood more widely than others. It also depends on the language used to present the words and if the language was the first, second or possibly even the third language of the

The blood flow can slow down, go in the wrong direction or to the wrong place, or be blocked completely. The sign and symptoms of severe defects in newborns include: rapid breathing, cyanosis (bluish tint to the skin, lips, and fingernails), fatigue and poor blood circulation. Although, many congenital heart defects have few to no signs and symptoms, they are not diagnosed until the child is older. Many don’t need treatment but some do.

This disease also breaks down brain cells, which are imperative for everyday functioning and intelligence. Symptoms of this disease include, developmental mental delay, seizures, stiff limbs, Optic atrophy: wasting of a muscle of the eye, resulting in vision difficulties, deafness, irritability, spasms, and ataxia which is the

Qualitatively, this disease can be seen with senile plaques on the brain, and neurofibrillary tangles that affect physical changes to the brain. Since there are so many branches of dementia, it can be hard to determine which type of dementia a patient is experiencing, needing to be looked at more closely. Some warning signs of this disease include getting lost, paying for bills and trouble managing money, retelling the same stories, repeatedly asking the same questions, and losing/ misplacing items, but not being able to recall how to find them (532). Though not all people progress through this disease at the same pace and times in their lives, these are just some of the few symptoms and abnormalities that those who have Alzheimer’s can display as opposed to someone their age with a normal functioning brain and having no dementia. Quantitatively, research has shown that Alzheimer’s disease accounts for 50-70% of all neurocognitive disorders (531).

People that suffer from head trauma like Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) have long term consequences but how does this affect their life and what are people suggesting to do about it? ALS and CTE are two forms of diseases to the brain that causes severe symptoms such as muscle weakness, memory loss, shortness of breath, and confusion. ALS is a rare disease with fewer than 20,000 cases per year found in the U.S. This type of disease affects nerve cells in the brain and in the spinal cord. CTE is some what similar to ALS but this other disease is commonly found in athletes with a history of repetitive brain trauma.

Some symptoms may include progressive muscle weakness, delayed motor milestones in children, difficulty walking in adults, respiratory insufficiency, weakened spinal muscles, swallowing/feeding difficulties, poor weight gain, general muscle pain, and headaches. While these may seem harsh, and there is no known cure, there are treatments to help lower the effects such as: Enzyme replacement therapy (Targets the underlying cause) , comprehensive care, and supportive therapies. Pompe disease affects the lysosome in the cell which normally aids the digestion in the