Domestication Of Milk

Historical development of milk production

Milk

People first learned to frequently consume the milk of other mammals following the domestication of animals during the development of agriculture. The most important dairy animals—cattle, sheep and goats were first domesticated in Southwest Asia. At first animals were kept for meat. However it is believed that the exploitation of domestic animals for dairy, hair and labor, began later.

From Southwest Asia domestic dairy animals came to Europe and South Asia. Sheep and goats were introduced to Africa from Southwest Asia. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Milk_Production-_Dairy_Farming_in_Wartime,_Norfolk,_England,_UK,_1944_D20199.jpg And camels were domesticated in central Arabia in

He discovered that it is sufficient to heat a young wine to only about 50–60 °C for a brief time to kill the microbes, and that the wine could be nevertheless properly aged without sacrificing the final quality. In honor of Pasteur, the process became known as "pasteurization".

Butter

History

First butter was made from sheep or goat's milk. An ancient method of butter making is still used today in some parts of Africa and the Near East. It involves a goat skin half filled with milk, and then inflated with air before being sealed. The skin is hung and rocked until the movement leads to the formation of butter.

Back in the Middle Ages, in the cooler climates of northern Europe, people stored butter for longer before it spoiled. Scandinavia has the oldest tradition in Europe of butter export trade, dating from 12th century. After the fall of Rome and through much of the Middle Ages, butter was a common food across most of Europe. However its reputation wasn’t good and so it was consumed mostly by poor peasants.

Butter slowly became more accepted by the upper class, especially when the Roman Catholic Church allowed its consumption during Lent time. In olden days, butter was also used as a fuel for lamps as instead of oil.

Local milk collection centers, where milk is collected and cooled before being transferred to urban dairies. The good example for this is India.

Cheese

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheese

When it comes to production of cheese we can see that majority of the top 10coutries are European countries. Countries with production levels in parentheses are part of the European Union, and their output is also counted in the EU's total. Only Ireland, New Zealand, the Netherlands and Australia have a cheese production that is mainly export oriented: respectively 95%, 90%, 72%, and 65% of their cheese production is exported. Only 35% of French production is exported. The United States, the biggest world producer of cheese, is a marginal exporter, as most of its production is for the domestic market. On this graph we can see the countries which have the biggest consumption of cheese per capita. It can be connected with the fact stated above that the Europe has the biggest cheese