Final Exam
Why did Stalin forbid the release of Part II of Sergei Eisenstein’s film, Ivan the Terrible?
Joseph Stalin, a harsh dictator and leader of the communist party in the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1953, personally participated in the conception and production of Soviet films, most notably those directed, produced and written by Sergei Eisenstein, who won two Stalin prizes for his ability in capturing the importance of socialism and Russian nationalism in the big screen. Not only did Stalin use cinema as propaganda to promote communism and to reinforce his monopoly of power in the Soviet Union, but he also used film to portray great Russian leaders in a virtuous and strong manner. Since Stalin considered himself a great leader of Russia comparable to those in history, such as Alexandr Nevsky and Ivan the Terrible (the Great, in Russian), he was particularly demanding about how these figures had to be portrayed in Soviet films (Neuberger 90). Stalin forbid the release of Part II of Sergei Eisenstein’s film Ivan the Terrible, a two-part historical epic film about Ivan IV of Russia, because Ivan, who Stalin admired and identified with, was portrayed in an unflattering depiction, characterized by paranoia, destructiveness and cruelty.
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After his coronation at the age of sixteen, he began reforming, modernizing and centralizing Russia. The Tsar, a killer and a reformist, was a man with a complex personality that exhibited both intelligence and insanity. Ivan the Terrible was admired for his many successes, but feared because of his mental instability and violent outbursts, making the Russian term ‘groznyi’ applicable to him in both of its two meanings, “extremely and distressingly bad” and also “awesomely mighty and fearful
A ghoul is a being of pure evil, one with no soul, a foul disgusting thing that desires to be the most horrific being it can be like Ivan the Terrible. Ivan the Terrible was the Tsar of Russia from 1533 to 1584. He was a ruthless, cunning evil being who killed and brutally murdered hundreds of thousands of people. The Tsar ordered people to be beheaded, strangled, hanged, blinded, burned, stabbed, boiled, disemboweled, buried alive, impaled, and fried. The Villain would often force parents to watch the execution of their children.
He experienced the brutal losses of his family, along with everything he owns, his faith, and almost his sanity. Many hundreds of miles away in 1570, a Russian tzar named Ivan IV Vasilyevich, better known now as Ivan the Terrible from an arguably more accurate mistranslation of his title “The Severe”, waged a massacre on the independently-minded city of Novgorod, lasting only five weeks yet leaving thousands dead; though the city’s population could not have been more than 100,000, around 30,000 were murdered, leaving 20,000 more to perish from the aftermath (Erenow, “ Massacre- Ivan The Terrible”).
Throughout Russia’s history, there have been many rulers that tried to manage their country in different ways. Even though, all of these rulers had their own unique ways of ruling, all of them were seen as terrible by the people. This eventually led to a tipping point for the Russian citizens and the Russian Revolution took place. The goal for these people was to gain freedom from their oppressive czar but instead, they got an even worse leader. Joseph Stalin was a leader of the Soviet Union from 1929 to 1953 and he was known for his ability to strike fear into people.
Russia’s extremely rich history of the 9th to 13th centuries has led us to recognize prominent leaders of Kievan Rus like Oleg of Novgorod, or Vladimir the Great. But of the many leaders that have ruled over Russian provinces, few are as distinct, complex, and memorable as Ivan the Terrible following the rise of Muscovite Russia. Ivan IV was captivating not only in his conflicting reign, but in his tumultuous personal feelings of paranoia and ruthlessness. For years, Ivan IV has been debated as being identified as either a tyrant or a reformer. It is this extremely fine line between these two identifications that classify Ivan IV as distinctly both a cruel tyrant and an advanced reformer.
Ivan the Terrible was known as the Tsar of All the Russias from 1530-1584. His ruling was affected by his rough childhood, being abused and mistreated. The outcomes of his childhood resulted in him destroying his rivals and claiming the throne of Tsardom. During Ivan’s reign as an absolute ruler, he obtained large amounts of land through cold-hearted methods, which helped him create a centrally controlled government. Although Ivan was very smart and dedicated, his anger overpowered him.
Therefore, despite the horrors of Stalin’s regime, one could argue that the socialist realism paintings could ‘mould the consciousness of the people’ into believing that Stalin was a great and wise leader, a kind and humble man, and the father of all Soviet people, thus reinforcing his cult of personality that tries to portray him in that light. However, while art might have the power to do this, one must not forget about other visual representations of life such as photographs and posters. Their relative power and influence will be discussed later in the
Ivan the Terrible Ivan the Terrible, the Grand Prince of Moscow (until he gained the title of tsar) was an extreme absolute monarch. As a child, he faced cruel abuse and hostility from his mother. As he grew older, he accumulated countless enemies. When he gained full power of Moscow at 17, he began destroying his rivals and anybody he thought might be against him.
Post WWl, Russia was still not industrialized, suffering economically and politically and in no doubt in need of a leader after Lenin’s death. “His successor, Joseph Stalin, a ruthless dictator, seized power and turned Russia into a totalitarian state where the government controls all aspects of private and public life.” Stalin showed these traits by using methods of enforcement, state control of individuals and state control of society. The journey of Stalin begins now.
He started the trend of “czars” in Russian government and declared himself the czar or Caesar. He was also referred to as the “gatherer of the Russian lands”. He realized that there was a problem with having 5 princes govern the same area and made strives to gain complete authority. He used several different methods to take control away from his brothers and the author says that despite his skilled efforts (diplomacy, force) luck was a vital component to his gaining the power. 2.
Human’s fight for Justice (Film review on Battleship Potemkin by Sergei M, Eisenstein) It has been a long journey since human seeks for absolute freedom and justice. History of man tells a many story of many downfall of society. In Sergei M, Eisenstein’s Battleship Potemkin, a Soviet silent film that showed a great depiction of society’s disgrace. Released in 1925 after the Russian revolutionary, Eisenstein’s masterpiece is an appreciation for the early Russian revolutionary which is generally noted craft of international cinema.
At the turn of the twentieth century, Russia remained one of the few countries in the world under autocratic rule. This meant that the Tsar held almost unlimited authority over the country, and “granted the population no voice in government and severely punished any expressions of discontentment with the status quo” (Pipes, 18). In order to rule such a system effectively, it would require an autocrat not only in name but in personality, “someone who enjoyed the prerogatives of power and knew how to use them” (Pipes, 27). Ironically, Russia in 1900 would be governed by a man who “lacked every quality required of an effective autocrat except the sense of duty” (Pipes, 27). Nicholas II is described by Pipes to have “limited intelligence and a
The Czar’s heir, Alexei, had serious hemophilia that no doctors at the time could cure except of one man, Grigory Rasputin. By using his mystical invocation and hypnosis, he successfully saved Alexei’s life in March 1907. Nicholas II totally believed in that witchcraft and wrote in his diary: “We became acquainted today with Grigory, a man of God from Tobolsk province.” Rasputin quickly built a strong relationship with the royal family, and then he started to do a lot of inhuman and barbarous actions like raping other female priests and involving in corrupt practices. Therefore, many loyal officers tried to ask the Czar to eliminate this mad man as soon as possible.
The first aspect of Sorokin's satire is his use of historical allusions. The Oprichnina, the system of governance that Komiaga serves, is a direct reference to Ivan the Terrible's regime, which was notorious for its cruelty and oppression. The Oprichniki were a group of Ivan's loyal followers who acted as enforcers of his rule, executing anyone suspected of disloyalty. Sorokin uses this historical reference to highlight the parallels between Ivan's regime and the contemporary Russian government, which is similarly characterized by corruption and authoritarianism. By resurrecting the Oprichnina, Sorokin suggests that Russia has regressed to a medieval system of governance, where loyalty to the ruler is more
The culture and the arts are one of significant resources when studying history. They often give great hints and ideas to what the actual life was like in the periods being studied. Adding to that, they are not only a form of entertainments, but also have a strong political influence. Therefore, they are reviewed and treated carefully by historians. The USSR during the 1930s is no exception even though it was under a totalitarian regime.
Introduction A number of factors affected the quickly evolving film industry after the October Revolution of 1917 and until 1932 and interpretations of historians often vary. Unquestionably, the Soviet government action was a main factor and their first All-Union Party Congress on film questions in 1928 had a lasting effect on soviet cinema. A period of hope and experimentation after 1917 inspired revolutionary modernism in soviet cinema, which played a crucial role in the development of the world’s cinematography. However, soon the Russian Communist Party under Lenin began a process of creative repression and propaganda. The crux was reached in 1932, with Stalin’s solidification of socialist realism.