Oscar Kuo
JPN101 First Essay
Professor Gundry
November 4, 2015
Importance of Social Status
The Heian period was the highpoint of Japanese aristocratic culture, a golden age of peace and harmony. Upper class men and women were expected to dress well. Poetry was often used to communicate between men and women. However, even though aristocratic women had considerable freedoms during the Heian period, they were still not treated as equals to men. The Kagero Diary translated by Sonja Arntzen, and The Pillow Book of Sei Shonagon both depict the inequality of women and men and the importance of social status in the Heian society. The author of The Kagero Diary lived in the middle of Heian period, a time when Japan was peaceful and isolated from the outside world. Similarly, women’s society also had an isolated quality. Since the “aristocratic society within the capital was very
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Similar to the Kagero Diary, Shonagon’s Pillow Book also depicts the inequalities between women and men and the importance of material items with social status. There were many rules targeted towards women only. For example, it was “unpleasant to see a women of a certain age with a young husband; and it is most unsuitable when she becomes jealous of him because he has gone to visit someone else” (Morris 71). Clothing serves as an important symbol of social status and communicates one’s place in society. It is said in the story, “nothing can be worse than allowing the driver of one’s ox-carriage to be poorly dressed” (Morris 78). Also, a woman cannot be treated with too much respect and is addressed in a subtle manner by men: “it is looked down upon when a wealthy young man visits a woman of lower rank calls out her name...he should slur it slightly as though he had forgotten it” (Morris
Men didn’t respect women; they didn’t give them the value they deserved. Women played a big role in the eighteenth century in Europe. According to (Liberty Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution." Chapter 5 Page 3. N.p., n.d. Web)
Samurai and Knight society, beliefs, and training were very similar to each other during this time. In the late 400’s when there were rulers and a social class, Japan and Europe both had a relatable social pyramid. These two pyramids, have an almost spitting image of each other, excluding the names. In the Japanese society, as stated in Document A, the top of the society was the emperor, who had symbolic power.
(History.com, “Edo”) The people of Edo followed a strict caste system, greatly impacted by the Chinese Confucian values. The Feudal Japanese Society, people of Edo, was divided into four different castes: the Nobles, the Samurai, the Peasants, and the Chonin. The nobles included: the emperor; the figurehead of society, the shogun; the most powerful military lord, and the daimyos; lords who controlled their own region of Japan. The samurai were the professional warriors who were bound by a code of loyalty and honor to a daimyo.
The idea that women are viewed as “less-than” in society is expressed in this quote. Gender roles are the social norms that define how we should act, speak, dress, groom, and conduct ourselves. It’s common to see expectations placed on girls and women to act nicely, be accommodating, and be nurturing. Typically, men are expected to be strong, brave,
Women have found themselves at the bottom of society’s hierarchal pyramid for eons. Even though females make contributions that prove vital to the world’s function, they are still regarded as the weaker link. The female plight of constantly facing debasement is a pawn used to ensure compliance. It is a common notion that if one is demeaned enough, he or she will conform to the suggested persona. Society tests this notion through its treatment of women.
From the Kamakura Period of the late twelfth century to the Meiji Restoration in the nineteenth century, the samurai have held prominent positions as noble warriors in Japanese society. They have come to be famous in modern, Western pop culture as the fierce, stoic guards of feudal Japan, but their practices and rituals extended beyond wielding katanas and donning impressive armor. Samurai practices were rich and complex, with strict codes, ritual suicide, and a history of influencing culture and politics (“Samurai”). Samurai code was influenced by traditional Japanese culture, Zen Buddhism, and Confucianism. Bushido, or “Way of the Warrior,” was the code of conduct the samurai class were expected to uphold.
In Ihara Saikaku’s Life of a Sensuous Woman, the author illustrates various gender roles in both women and men. In the works Saikaku composed, he also demonstrates some parts of Japan’s developing cultural values with that of the European Enlightenment period. Japanese culture has a lot in common with that of the Enlightenment period because of the way that women are treated and the roles they should play to serve the man in the household. In Saikaku’s Life of a Sensuous Woman, he displays numerous similarities with Voltaire’s Candid and Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Women of the values that men share and also what the role women and society have in each of the different stories. Japan’s cultural values has various similarities with the European Enlightenment period.
Social class played a key role in the Elizabethan Age; without social hierarchy society would have fallen apart, the people did not know of anything else other than the role of classes. Each class had different situations of life, some were wealthy and had nice homes while others were poor and living off of the streets. The class rankings were given to each individual by situations such as birth, fame, wealth, and known skills(“Elizabethan Era.”). One could only move up a class by the Queen's approval, obtaining sudden wealth, going into debt, losing your job, and many other specific conditions(“Elizabethan Era - The Lost Colony.”). For instance, marriage between two people from separate classes could alter social class and was often frowned upon.
Thus, readers who focus and interpret the text through analysing Mikage’s lifestyle, and how she utilises kitchen as a source of alleviation to her suffering, may absorb the context of gender role and the duties that female gender encumbers within the Japanese culture. Readers who acknowledge the context behind Japanese culinary art can interpret how food preparations and culinary techniques are crucially rooted within the Japanese culture. The author emphasises how often Mikage spends quality times
The Heian period was denoted as the era of the aristocrats in Japan’s timeline. During this period, women created some of the greatest writing throughout Japan’s history, the most sophisticated and highly desired one being poetry. These poems allowed for an outsider to get an insight of Japan’s society and culture at the time. One of the celebrated author’s of this time was Sei Shōnagon, her most famous work being The Pillow Book. Although her work has been consecutively ridiculed as a poor depiction of the Heian court life, it has also been thought of as comical.
Women’s roles has changed dramatically throughout history. By looking at the lives of women, it would be possible to tell how the civilians at that specific period of time were living. In this paper, women’s lives in mainly three civilizations would be discussed, the Sparta, the Athens, and the Hellenistic era. In Sparta, women were needed to live at home, while their husbands remained in military barracks until the age thirty.
Throughout history women have challenged patriarchal norms, changing the standards. In the book, Homegoing by Yaa Gyasi, women are constantly told what they should do, and what they should want. Ness should want to work inside the house, Abena should want to marry for power, and Marjorie should want to be asked to prom. However, unlike other women characters in the book, these three characters challenged their assumed positions as women and in doing so gave their families and men in their lives a new perspective. Every generation made strides in women’s rights, but even as rights and laws adapted to new times, there were still limitations on women that they needed to overcome.
“Don’t let our modern society shape who you are and don’t allow stereotypes to define you. Live outside of labels we so often stick upon ourselves and allow your individuality to change the world around you.” (unknown). This quote by an unknown person shows how you shouldn’t allow the modern stereotypes of gender define or affect you because men and women can have just as much self control as the other. In the short story “The Dinner Party” by Mona Gardner, a colonel official and his wife are throwing a large dinner party with multiple people of high social standings from army officers to government attaches.
Over generations, the role of women in society has shifted and changed immensely, improving upon many aspects of rights and values that women have. The changes occurred gave women opportunities to provide ideas, to have the same rights as men, giving women freedom, leading to many contributions of many significant and valuable events. But from current roles of women being equal to those of men, how women stood in ancient society significantly differs and contrast with ours today. Throughout history, the role and significance of women were always outweighed by the dominance and influence of men. The role of women in ancient times varied throughout, depending on the place and area in the world, in which women had different roles and impacts on their own society.
What does it mean to be in complete control of your life, without fearing disapproval from your own husband? Nora Helmer sure would not know what that feels like. In the literary work credited to Henrik Ibsen, A Doll’s House, a clear distinction between the gender roles of Torvald and Nora Helmer was established through symbols. Through Ibsen’s use of symbols such as macaroons, pet names, and the Tarantella, such symbols help convey and compare the roles of men and women within the nineteenth century. Not only were the gender roles distincted through their character, but they exemplified the actual feminine and masculine roles of typical nineteenth century society.