Influenza pandemic Essays

Influenza Pandemic 0f 1918-19 The influenza pandemic killed more people than World War I. “According to Taber 's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary, influenza is “an acute, contagious respiratory infection characterized by sudden onset, fever, chills, headache, myalgia(muscle pain), and sometimes prostration”. Due to the lack of doctors knowledge, The influenza pandemic( Spanish Flu) spread fast. Conversely, military historians have paid little attention to a deadly disease which underlines the

The influenza pandemic of 1918 is truly one of the deadliest, if not the deadliest, pandemic in the history of human civilization. Casualty counts reached a greater total than World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War combined. Influenza is not something to be taken lightly. It is estimated that for every 100 people, one person did not survive the pandemic. This applies to the entire world. The impact that this disease made shocked the world, and advanced the importance of being

This paper reviews current idea on surveillance and studies in a pandemic in Europe and the experience in 2009 (influenza). WHO and ECDC (European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention) divided surveillance and studies in a pandemic into 4 component: early detection and investigation; comprehensive early assessment; monitoring and investigations concerning the effectiveness, safety and impact of pharmaceutical interventions. Pandemics represent exceptional challenges for surveillance because it has

The 1918 influenza pandemic circled the globe in three waves: the first in the spring of 1918, the second in the autumn, and the third in the winter of 1918–19, extending in some places into 1920. In the first wave it was the armies that suffered most severely. In the autumn and winter waves, soldiers and civilians alike died from secondary pneumonia infections which caused people to turn blue from lack of oxygen and cough up purulent, bloody sputum. . Those studying the social and military history

Influenza is a viral disease that exists worldwide. According to The World Health Organization, influenza kills between 250,000 to 500,000 people every year. In the United States alone, every year there are over 36,000 influenza related deaths. Though many countries have the advantages of treatment facilities and the ability to conduct vast research, regular seasonal flu is still a major, deadly problem. Pandemic influenza is even more detrimental, as it causes many deaths, economic issues, and places

Pandemics are events in which a disease spreads across the entire world. Many pandemics have become notorious for their lethality, symptoms, or historical events that surrounded them. Various notorious pandemics include the ‘Black Death,’ an event caused by the plague, Yersinia Pestis, that killed an estimated 25 million people (“Black Death”), or the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pandemic, an event that has killed an estimated 35 million people (“HIV/AIDS”)

The Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) is the causative agent of 2009 is the epidemiological outbreaks to be examined. The causative agent was the new H1N1 virus. On April 15, 2009, the H1N1 virus was first identified in a 10 year old in California and a second child, 8 years old, was confirmed two days later living 130 miles away from the first identified source. The CDC (Center for Disease Control) tested both viruses obtained from the children infected and concluded the viruses were “similar and different

the least affected people in sicknesses like this. However during this time men were always together, in the pub and at work so they were much more likely to receive the influenza, than those who stayed at home by themselves not risking the deadly virus. Geoffrey Rice was one of the main historians of the 1918 Influenza pandemic, he interviewed many survivors of the epidemic and published an informative book on the epidemic called Black November. Rice 's interviews were often very private and saddening

THEORIES, PREVENTATIVE PRACTICES, AND REMEDIES FOR THE SPANISH FLU PANDEMIC OF 1918 Chris Meier HIS122 – US History Since Civil War April 5, 2023 The Spanish flu epidemic of 1918 was an unprecedented and tragic time in history, not only in the United States but on the global stage. As the second industrial revolution came to a close, people were living in “communities knit closely together by mass transportation, mass media, mass consumption, and mass welfare… something profoundly new under

Summary The global influenza virus is a challenging wicked problem that has been wiping out millions of people for over a hundred years. The virus adapts and mutates the strains, making the flu problematical to eradicate with our current methods. The Wicked Issue The problem with Influenza started in 1918 when the Spanish flu broke out causing the first flu pandemic the world had ever faced. The BC Medical journal called the epidemic, “The greatest medical holocaust in history” (Skowronski and

Emerging influenza is a seasonal viral disease caused by influenza A virus (H1N1). It spreads rapidly and costs society a considerable amount in terms of health care expenses, reduction in productivity as well as loss of life. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the outbreak to be a pandemic because of growing worldwide cases [5]. It cost the society a huge amount in terms of morbidity and mortality and monetary cost as well with a typical flu pandemic. The existence of influenza virus

The 1910s were marked by several health issues, with one of the most significant being the devastating influenza pandemic of 1918-1919, commonly known as the Spanish Flu. This essay will provide an analysis of this health crisis, compare it with the modern-day issue of the Covid-19 pandemic, and explore the evolution of healthcare approaches over time. In the 1910s, health issues were prevalent, and one of the major challenges was the stigma surrounding mental health problems. Unlike today, mental

The influenza pandemic of 1918, otherwise known as the “Spanish Flu’ was responsible for the deaths of 20 to 40 million individuals, resulting in a higher mortality than World War 1. More specifically, 675,000 Americans died, with the virus infecting close to 25% of the American population. As a result, studies have found the American lifespan during 1918-1919 had lowered 10 years due to the Spanish Flu.^1 The location of origin for the Spanish Flu is widely debated. However, three locations are

INFLUENZA INTERNET RESEARCH: What is the influenza virus? The influenza virus is the flu, and there are three different types of the virus. Type A and B are human influenza that cause the seasonal spread of the virus. It comes almost every winter and fall her in the United States. Type A and B can cause an influenza pandemic because the always new and different types of the virus to infect people. Type C of the influenza virus causes mild respiratory illness and is not known to cause an epidemic

adaptation and the extent of the natural reservoir of influenza viruses. The key to predicting future viral pandemics is the required depth of historical, epidemiological, and biological knowledge surrounding the 1918 flu pandemic. For a number of years, the prediction of a new influenza pandemic of large-scale proportions, namely the Avian flu, has become a global concern. With extreme population mobility it is more important than ever for global pandemic preparedness to be emphasized. With cross-continental

assess the need to update CVV for preparedness against pandemics caused by zoonotic influenza viruses. The article thus describes the genetic and antigenic characteristics of these viruses. Influenza A viruses are categorized by two proteins they carry on their surface; their HA (hemagglutinin) and NA (neuraminidase), resulting in subtypes like four viruses mentioned in the article viz. Influenza A(H5), Influenza A(H7N9), Influenza A(H9N2), Influenza A(H3N2) variant (v)^5. Many of the combinations are

Influenza is a viral infection which is highly contagious. As it is transmitted through respiratory droplets the virus can spread quickly by coughs and sneezes. The symptoms last for about a week’s time on any healthy individual. There are three types of Influenza virus categories A, B and C (CDC.GOV 2015). Influenza A viruses can form different strains based on hemagglutinin (H) and the neuraminidase (N). There are 18 different H subtypes and 11 different N subtypes. Influenza B viruses doesn’t

The Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918–1920 was one of “the most destructive influenza outbreaks in history and one of the most severe disease pandemics ever encountered” and had a significant effect on society due to its impact on health care and other important aspects of life (Britannica 2023). Millions of people died because of the Spanish flu in the 20th century, making it one of the deadliest pandemics in global history. The Flu resulted in a large impact on public health as well as the economy

By Siddharth Voona- Spanish flu The Spanish Flu, or H1N1 virus, was a pandemic that occurred between 1918 and 1919. It is estimated to have killed over 50 million people worldwide and affected one-third of the world’s population. The Spanish Flu had a profound impact on public health, technology, medical research, education systems and around the world. What made this virus so deadly was its ability to cause severe respiratory distress and death within hours or days after infection. This caused

The implementation of the history of New Mexico’s events and peoples is important to better your understanding of the book, Bless Me, Ultima. The novel, Bless Me, Ultima, is a fictional story written by Rudolfo Anaya, who writes the story from the point of view of a young boy named Antonio Marez. He based his novel on his own life, people he knew, and the history of New Mexico. Because he implements parts of real New Mexican history in the novel, we will be able to relate the state's past to the