Lysozyme Essays

Introduction The purpose of this practical is to purify and detect lysozyme from a mixture of components. Lysozyme is a protein found in high concentration in egg whites and is found to be very useful in the pharmaceutical and food industry as it has a high anti-microbial, anti-viral and anti-parasite properties. In hens, it is said to account for 3.5% of the total protein in a hen egg white. In the food and pharmaceutical industry lysozyme is used to inhibit the growth of harmful microorganism and extends

Pharming Animals Over the recent years, scientists have been able to figure out how to genetically modify animals in the microscopic level. Before, scientist were able to modify animals in an aesthetic way like making them have multicolored strips of fur or making them bigger than they usually are. But now scientists are starting to modify animals by editing their genomes in order to help benefit from it. This has started a process called “pharming” which is when a scientist changes or modifies

The purpose of this experiment was to observe and conclude the impact of a higher alkalinity and increasing sodium chloride concentration had on the yield of lysozyme crystals through crystallization. The constants for this process were sodium acetate at a concertation 0.05 M for every well in both rows, along with the concentration of polyethylene glycol (PEG) being set at 10% for every well in both rows. The two rows of wells that were tested deviated in alkalinity, row A having a pH of 4.5 and

because the GFP was still present within the bacterial cells. When the lysozyme and TE solution were added to the bacterial pellet, the specimen continued to demonstrate fluorescent properties under UV light because GFP was still within the microtube, although the lysozyme had begun to degrade the cell walls during this

These plates would be those which were treated with RNase, protease, lysozyme and the plate with buffer only. The only plate expected to not have any growth was the plate which was treated with DNase. The DNase would have broken down the double-stranded DNA molecule into its nucleotides and thus, would have been unable to

When a baby is born various thoughts come up to the minds of the parents one of these thoughts is about breastfeeding. Breastfeeding is when the mother provides her baby with feed directly from her, this happens by the baby sucking from the nipple which is called sucking reflex and drinking milk. Many think that breastfeeding is a simple thing, but the truth is that it’s really not simple and it’s a very marvelous thing. Although there are various types of feeds for kids Breastfeeding is always

Supervised by   We certify that this thesis was prepared under our supervision at the College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University as a partial requirement for degree of Philosophy of Doctorate in medical microbiology. In view of the available recommendation, forward this thesis for debate by the examining committee. Crohn’s disease results from a complex interaction between susceptibility genes, immune system and microbes that can trigger disease pathology. This study

There have been many biologists throughout the years that have contributed a wealth of knowledge to the scientific community. One biologist in particular that was credited as having a major discovery in the world was Alexander Fleming. Sir Alexander Fleming was not only a biologist, but he was also a pharmacologist and a botanist in Scotland in the 1900s. During that time, he contributed to the major discovery of penicillin that still is making a lasting impact on many people in the world. Fleming’s

FCL10003 Winter Term 2014 Individual Oral Presentation Outline (2.5%) 1. Attention getter: • Good morning to everyone. • Does anyone know what penicillin is? I bet everyone know it and some even use it before. But, let me ask you, do you know who discovered penicillin? Well, the penicillin is discovered by my favourite innovator, Sir Alexander Fleming. 2. Introduction: • Profile/bio data/background of the innovator o Sir Alexander Fleming was famous as a Biologist and Pharmacologist. Fleming was

Compare and contrast the biological processes underlining the innate and adaptive immunity The complexity of the human immune system comprises of specialised cells(leukocytes), proteins (antibodies, lysozymes), tissues (lymphatic vessels), and organs (spleen) working together to fight off pathogens due to constant exposure. The first line of defence is the innate immune system which reacts rapidly to the pathogens. Whilst the adaptive immune system responds slowly to infection and also possesses

titel achterkant Voorwoord Samenvatting Table of Contents List of abbreviations 1 1. Introduction 2 1.1 Biobased products 2 1.2 RuBisCO 3 1.3 Isochrysis galbana 4 1.4 Tetraselmis sp 4 2. Methods 5 2.1 Size Exclusion Chromatography 5 2.2 SDS-PAGE 6 2.3 Bradford protein assay 7 2.4 Ion Exchange Chromatography 7 2.5 Soxhlet extraction method 8 2.6 Kjeldahl method 8 3. Materials 9 3.1 Size Exclusion

patterns to carry out agar spot technique, resistance to lysozyme, acid, bile and hydrogen peroxide as well as their ability to inhibit E. coli O157:H7. Five Bifidobacterium isolates were identified and characterized on the bases of morphology, fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase (F6PPK) assay, and polymerase chain reaction by using bifidobacterial 16S rDNA specific primers. Infant isolates showed greater resistance to acid, bile, and lysozyme and had greater antimicrobial activity against E. coli

animals can be created to have better food quality. For example, pigs have been genetically engineered to express the fatty acid desaturase gene from spinach for higher levels of omega-3 and goats have been genetically engineered to express human lysozyme in their milk. Such advances may add to the nutritional value of animal-based products.” as can be seen in the article by Elisabeth H. Ormandy. Farm species are genetically engineered unnaturally in order to make them less pollutants Genetic engineering

researcher, but his laboratory was often untidy. One day, Fleming noticed that some of his staphylococci were contaminated with a fungus. He proceeded to show it to his to his former assistant Merlin Price who told him, "That's how you discovered lysozyme” Fleming could have easily stopped at this stage and threw the mould out and continues his research, but Fleming took that little “what if” and questioned the general stigma at the time that moulds only had negative purpose. From that day on Fleming

Biology Internal assessment The digestion of starch by salivary amylase Personal engagement I was led to this topic two weeks before introduced to the IA. One night, I woke up because I was hungry; I walked into kitchen and ate a piece of rice cracker, the taste was very dull and unflavoured. The next day, during the afternoon, I ate another rice cracker, but this time the taste was different, it tasted slightly sweet. I wanted to investigate why this was the case. I contemplated about it and concluded

Materials and Methods Cloning E.coli Library Bacteria and Mysterious Bacteria The gradients of the media used for cloning E. coli bacteria included nutrient agar, ampicillin and arabinose sugar; X-gal was an extra gradient in unknown bacteria media. X-gal is an organic compound that consists of galactose linked to a substituted indole, it is used to detect β – galactosidase activity by yielding a blue compound. A purified E. coli library bacteria, containing a DNA fragment of the pG10 plasmid, was

They form between 25–50% of the protein-coding genes of the multicellular organisms. The chicken lysozyme gene is an example of a solitary protein-coding gene with four exons and three introns. A genes family, on the other hand, is a group of genes bearing similar features as DNA’s building blocks (nucleotides) (Galluzzi 126). They contain instructions

Sir Alexander Fleming was born August 6th 1881 in Lochfield, Scotland. He was born to Hugh Fleming and his second wife Grace Morton. At the tender age of seven Alexander’s father died and it fell upon his mother and oldest brother, Thomas, to keep both the family and the farm afloat. From here on Fleming showed a natural intelligence, uncommon for both his age and upbringing. At the age of 13 Fleming moved to London following his brothers John and Thomas, who were physicians.There he attended Regent

Introduction It has long been said, even in biblical references (Luke 16:19-31) that dogs have somewhat of ‘special powers’ with regards to their healing abilities. (Patching, 2008) In some areas of the world dog saliva would be used as an antibacterial because it contains some similar properties to that of disinfectants, which would theoretically be able to kill harmful bacteria in wounds and aid in the process of the healing. If a dog has an open wound, the dog is likely to lick the wound in order

Analysis and Discussion Factor: Change in Enzyme Concentration According to table 1, test tube 2 contained 0.146g of rennin and it took the longest time (237 seconds) for the milk to curdle. Test tube 5 contained 0.365g of rennin and took the least amount of time (95 seconds) for the milk to curdle. For test tubes 1-3, a small, light, yellow spot appeared at the bottom of the test tube and a light precipitate forms above the solution. For test tube 4, a large, yellow spot appears at the bottom