Shigella dysenteriae Essays

Introduction Ethics are appropriate in all the fields of human activity. Ethics are important for us while dealing with others, environment and animals. It is vital for us to have an official statement or a national reference point for ethical considerations regarding human research, treatment of humans and healthcare for humans (NHMRC Act, 2007). The current essay focuses on various ethical and legal standards of healthcare treatment that has to be provided to the humans and the importance of such

Veterinary practices, much like any other job, come with a number of risks. There are strict rules, regulations and guidelines that are involved when running and working in a veterinary environment in order to keep employers, their employees and their patients safe and healthy during their time at the practice. Within a veterinary practice you will be made aware of a number of laws and regulations which will be very important. The first of these is known as The Control of Substances Hazardous to

the early 1940s and all Shigella strains were sensitive to this drug. In 1940s, tetracycline followed by chloramphenicol, were recommended for the treatment of shigellosis because sulphonamides became ineffective. Soon, resistance to these two drugs was observed and ampicillin and co-trimoxazole came to the rescue and were found to be clinically highly effective (Ross et al., 1972; Nelson et al., 1976). However, during the epidemic in 1980s in Eastern India, S. dysenteriae type 1 strains isolated

Paper: Shigella flexneri The genus Shigella includes four different species – Shigella boydii, Shigella dysenteriae, Shigella sonnei, and Shigella flexneri. Several serotypes occur for each species based on O - antigen variations (Jennison & Verma, 2004; Morona, et al., 1995). Members of the genus are gram-negative, highly infective facultative intracellular pathogens, recognized as etiological agents of bacillary dysentery (shigellosis) (Kotloff, et al., 1999; Sansonetti, 2001). Shigella ranks third

been contaminated by faeces or directly from another infected person. This causes infectious diarrhoea and the infectious agents can be bacteria, viruses or parasites. Common causative bacterial agents are Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Shigella dysenteriae and Clostridium difficile. Food allergies or food intolerance such as lactose intolerance. An adverse reaction to medication such as penicillin, antacids and laxatives. Intestinal malabsorption disorders such as coeliac disease. Inflammatory

Introduction: A microorganism is a microscopic living organism which is unicellular or multicellular. Microorganisms interact with human body continuously, but most tionof them do not cause any harm. Only few organisms are pathogenic to human beings. They may be a bacteria, virus, fungus or a parasite. Many of the bacteria are a part of the normal body flora and inhabit various areas in the body such as the oral cavity, nose, skin, nasopharynx, oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, genitalia, urethra