Translation has been an inseparable element of any communication process, since it's the vehicle which transfers cultures, civilizations and sciences between different languages and diverse societies. It was conceived by different scholars from different perspectives, but they were unanimous on that translation is a matter of attitude and a translator should have a potential to take decisions, aiming to produce an idiomatic, natural text. Translator's decisions occur along a spectrum of methods to
Translation is not simply a matter of finding other words with similar meanings but of seeking appropriate ways of saying things in another language. Maritime English and maritime Romanian use different linguistic forms, but these forms represent only one of the aspects of the differences between the two language systems in question. The most fascinating are the cultural meanings that are intricately woven into the texture of the language and it is the translator’s task to catch and render them accordingly
A translation constraint, following Darwish’s definition, is “any factor in the translation process that limits the realization of an optimally approximated translation”, both at the internal and external levels (209). External constraints comprise aspects that are external to the very act of translating, such as the working environment, time deadlines and national norms, but also aspects that are inherent to the very act of translating and its manifestation such as the “information medium, readability
According to Venuti (2008), translation is produced for many reasons: literary, commercial, pedagogical, technical, propagandistic, and diplomatic. The reasons have their special things to be concentrated in order that they can be translated with a good result. One of the most challenging in the reasons of translations is to translate literary work. It is because a translator has to translate metaphor that has exaggerated and beautiful words. Literary work, according to Venuti (2008), is an exploration
Literary translation is the translation of the literary works such as novel, drama, and poetry. Moreover, it is a difficult type of written translation. It is not only a translation of literary text, but also the translation of emotions and cultural nuance. Thus, the translator is biased either on the source culture or on the target culture. The issues of literary translation are related to the meaning, to the time of tradition literature, to translation loss, and the culture. Fictional works refer
The following diploma thesis aimed to examine the translation strategies used in the subtitling and dubbing translations of the animated film Bee Movie, based on three parameters: inserts, language variety, and omissions and condensations. Slovenian cinema-goers are able to watch animated films in the subtitled and/or dubbed version. Subtitling and dubbing are two types of audiovisual translation, whereby the linguistically diverse European countries can be divided into subtitling and dubbing countries
An “ideal” translation requires a natural sounding. According to Belloc (1931, 30), “natural and good translation must... consciously attempt the spirit of the original at the expense of the latter. Now this is much the same as saying that the translator must be of original talent; he must himself create: he must have power of his own, not just offer a one-to-one translation.” Naturalness implies not only the usage of certain words but also
CHAPTER TWO TRANSLATION SHIFTS 2.1. Introduction Translation is a complicated process which involves two different languages. Each language has its own linguistic, stylistic, and cultural system which makes it difficult, or impossible, to convey to the target text (TT) the exact features of the source text (ST). Translation shifts, accordingly, is a phenomenon that cannot be avoided. Eugene Nida (1964: 156) illustrates this point stating that: Since no two languages are identical, either in the
How is the translation of metaphor from source text to the target text considering intercultural translation? Method Source Materials The materials used in this article consisted of two texts, the English drama Macbeth by Shakespeare, and its translation into Farsi by Ashoury, D. (2012). Design This research is a descriptive-analytical one. Thus, the researcher sought to describe and analyze the intercultural relations between an English drama, and its Persian translation in a metaphorical
Journey of Translation from Source Language Text to Target Language Text: A Critical Study Furrukh Faizan Mir Research Scholar, Department of English University of Kashmir, Hazratbal. Abstract The present paper is an attempt to trace the history of translation right from the time when writing was not introduced to the present day century where translation has become an inevitable activity. The paper further critically teases out the process of translation, establishing it as
Audiovisual Translation Audiovisual translation (or AVT) also referred to as multimedia translation, at times, is a division of translation that involves the conversion of multimedia and multimodal texts to a different languages and cultures. The conversion process uses a multimedia electronic system. Audiovisual translation includes activities such as; subtitling, interpreting, surtitling or closed captioning. However, it can also involve conversion from one media to another. The main fields that
Translation is considered as more deeper than exchanging lexical and grammatical terms . A translator 's main goal is to convey the message of the source text with the same meaning and intention . He can achieve this goal when he applies pragmatic equivalence. Pragmatic equivalence can be defined as : the ability of the translator to convey the source language to target language with the same intention of the text producer and equivalent words and same affection to the reader . Mainly
The term “translation” refers to the process of transferring information encoded in the source language to the target language. The most important aspect of the translation process is to preserve the meaning in a way that will be as close as possible to that of the original message. The origin of the word “translation” derives from the Latin term “translatio”, which, in turn, is a combination of the words “trans” and “fero”, meaning “to carry across” or “to bring across”. However, there is also an
AUDIOVISUAL TRANSLATION AND TRANSLATING SONG LYRICS This chapter discusses audiovisual translation and translating song lyrics. The first section consists of general information about audiovisual translation, subtitling and dubbing as well as animation translation. I will also discuss the restrictions and challenges of audiovisual translation. The third part introduces different translation strategies and theories associated with song lyrics. 3.1 Audiovisual translation Audiovisual translation is used
strategies. • The first one is LITERAL TRANSLATION when translation into target language (TL) is very close to source language (SL). • The second is LOAN, CALQUE when individual terms or syntagma are borrowed. TRANSPOSITION translation strategy is very clearly described by Venuti: “Transposition involves replacing one word or class with another without changing the meaning of the message.” (Venuti, 2000: 88) According to Catford • UNIT SHIFT is “syntactic translation technique or strategy; a change of
Introduction The word translation means communication of one language text that is called the source language into another language texts that is called the target language, but it does not mean to change the meaning of it as a whole. The practice of translation started long back in the 17th to 18th century after the beginning of written literature. According to an English poet and translator John Dryden (1631-1700); “When [words] appear… literally graceful, it were an injury to the author that they
When we leave home base and the culture and security that we believe is universal, there are times when we need someone to show us and to keep us on the correct path. Language translation is sometimes the only thing that we consider, since we recognize that we do not understand even common words in other languages. Two comments: First, how do you know that the translator is actually saying exactly what you said? Make sure that the translator is from a reputable source, such as your local office
Definition: Translation Quality Assessment (TQA) has been defined by many researchers as a process whereby a translation critic examines a translated text .In such a process, the critic uses some kinds of criteria to objectively evaluate a translation. To ensure a high quality translation, evaluation should be based on high standards. But, first, it is a need to establish high standards of translation quality which have been expressed by many researchers. The evaluation of a quality of translation is the
It is not a secret that translation bridges inter-linguistic communication between people. It also plays a significant cultural and linguistic role in transferring messages between languages. According to J. Munday, translating "between two different written languages involves the translator changing an original written text (source text) in the original verbal language, source language, into a written text (target text) in a different verbal language, the target language"(2008:5). Friedrich Schleiermacher
Introduction: Translation is the process of rendering the meaning and effects of a text from one language into another. It is divided into two categories, which are general translation and specialized translation which this project will talk about. Specialized translation has many parts and fields in itself, so in this project we will talk about these different fields and the role of each of them. Specialized translation: We can say that the specialized translation is the translation of materials