It is a figure of speech in which sound reflects the sense. In adds, it is mainly functions in meaning process, for example: Ring, Rip, Roar, and Retch. Hank hoots, hack, belch. Sometimes sound of onomatopoeia repeated many onomatopoeic words have developed meanings of their own. For example, whisper not only represents the sound of people talking slowly, but also describes the action of people talking slowly, another example of onomatopoeia in slogans.
Onset: It is always composed by consonants. Rhyme: It is divided into nucleus and coda. Nucleus: The nucleus is usually made up of a vowel; the sonorant consonants /m, n, ŋ, l, r/ can become syllabic in certain positions. The nucleus and a syllabic consonant can be related. Coda: Formed by consonants, is prohibited in some languages and can be optional in other languages.
Phonemes, on the other hand, are minimal distinctive linguistic sounds of a language that cannot be broken up into successive units: each phone in a string of phones corresponds to exactly one phoneme on the underlying level (Giegerich 32). They are non-predictable, independent sounds which change the meanings of words and “contest” against each other in contrastive distribution. Insert examples here This illustration highlights that the phonological structure of a language involves two levels. The first level is concrete which involves the surface realizations of a phoneme; intrinsically, the actual pronunciation or utterance which are the allophones. Whereas, the second level is the psychological, abstract sound category, the phonemes which are never
LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1. Sound Change Kiparsky (2008) believed that sound change is viewed as exceptionless since The process of phonetically conditioned rooted in the mechanism of speech production. He also argued that there is the existence of exceptionless sound change, which grounded in natural articulatory processes. 2.2. Phonetic and Phonemic Aryapitipun (2003) stated that a phoneme is the smallest unit of sound that makes a difference in a meaning of a language.
Notice, the plural form of most nouns is created simply by adding the letter 's ' to the end of the word. Unlike JC that has little exceptions to rules in JE they are a lot of exceptions. Nouns that end in -ch, -x, -s, -sh add '-es ' to the end of the word, for e.g fox – foxes, floss – flosses, bush – bushes church – churches. Nouns that end in a single 'z ', add '-zes ' to the end of the word. For e.g : quiz – quizzes.
Translation is a difficult and complex task. Some elements such as linguistic and socio-cultural differences in two languages make it difficult to choose an appropriate equivalent; the equivalent which has the same effect in the target language. In the present study one of the richest sources of the humor and satire is investigated. Humor is completely obvious in “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” by Mark Twain. He tried to laugh at social and cultural problems of his time by this novel.
• Copula retention, absence, locative, or equative. The copula is either retained – “Him a go”, left out (absence) “Him go”, locative (in the form of de), or equative (commonly replacing is). • Tense marker. Tense is not marked and has no context (most forms presented in present tense - “woulda make” ‘would have made’. • Negation Marker.
[vp[v kick] [NP[Det the] [N bucket)]] b. [vp[v sell] [pp[p down] [NP[Det the] [N river]])] These types of idioms are known as verbal idioms. Some idioms have an uncommon structure, such as “in the know”- usually, after a determiner follows a noun, but in this case, it is a verb; “have their ups and downs” – the prepositions occupy the positions of nouns; “wait-and-see attitude” – verbs occur instead of adjectives (examples taken from the Wheel of Fortune corpus). Many idioms accept passivisation, as in the following example: (12) The hatchet seems not to have been buried yet by those skaters. (Jackendoff:168) This idiom, “bury the hatched” can be passivised for the following reason: the N “hatchet” is connected to bury via its θ-role, so the hatchet is movable, while in the case of “#The bucket was kicked by him”, the bucket cannot move considering that it “has to be linked to kick syntactically because it has no
Derivational process is a morphological operation in which we are able to create a new word from an old word. In order to do that, we can add a prefix or a suffix to the certain word. For instance, by adding affixes like the suffix – ness or prefix – un, we create a new word like happiness or unhappy. Both words derive from the root word happy. Derivational process tends to take a word from a certain lexical category (part of speech) and change it to another category.
Apart from that, slang words can also be found in informal text. For instance, the word “btw” is the acronym for the phrase “by the way”. Moreover, the word “cuz” and “gotta” is a slang word for “because” and “got to” respectively. Apart from that, the use of contradictions tend to occur in informal text. Ehrlich (cited in Ong’onda, Matu & Oloo, 2011) states that a contraction is a shortened form of a word or groups of words.