Chartres Cathedral Essay

From 1100, begins a prosperous period for the stained glass. The first workshops moved to Chartres. Then Abbot Suger endows the Saint-Denis basilica, the first Gothic building, with a stained glass ornament. A Rhenish monk Theophilus, writing a book on the art of stained glass that will be the bedside book of master glassmakers to the present. The window

Rembrandt van Rijn was born in 1606 in the Netherlands and is considered one of the greatest Dutch painters of the era and worked during the Golden Age of Dutch paintings (Editor). It was then that the various genres of painting were created and arranged in order of their importance. History, portrait, and genre formed the top three while landscape and still life formed the lower levels (Gersh-Nesic). Rembrandts painting titled “Landscape with a stone bridge”, 1638, which was oil on wood is considered to be one of the few traditional landscape done by him.

In his early years his style was more focused on human figure than space, but later reformed to making plenty of small figures so the picture may seem more alive and elaborated. One of his prominent includes La Primavera, the Spring. The painting was painted for Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco de Medici, cousin of Lorenzo the Magnificent in 1482. The Medici were an important Florentine banking family who later were also the Royal House of Tuscany.

The Notre Dame de la Belle Verrière is one of the earliest European stained glass windows, it was created between 1137 and 1160 and survived the fire of 1194 that burnt its original church (Aubrey,2013). Because it survived it was considered holy, it is also a very beautiful window and therefore was used in the Chartres Cathedral that was built in the Gothic style some years after the fire. ( Aubrey, 2013). La Belle Verrière still exists in Chartres cathedral and is surrounded by Gothic stained glass pieces to fill the space of the enormous Gothic windows (because it was made for a much smaller Romanesque styled window) (Frankl,1963). It depicts Mary and child, as centered, front facing figures that are also looking straight ahead, which are all very typical Romanesque stained glass characteristics.

The most important manifestation of the Renaissance art and architecture is The Tempietto, which was designed by one of most renowned architect of the day, Donato d’Angelo Bramante in 1502. It’s funny how a small building such as The Tempietto could hold so much fascination. It stands to mark the crucifixion of St. Peter giving the message that the office of papacy began with St. Peter himself. The structure of this building entails a round dome which tells us that Bramante borrowed the idea from Early Christian tradition, bringing back the feel of the ancient round structures that had long been lost. The building brings to attention Bramante’s love for geometry.

The mosaics were painted over (as portrayals of people in art are considered sinful), the discs with quotes from the Quran were added to the pendentives under the dome, and four minarets were added. The grandeur of what used to be an Orthodox Christian Church was recycled and reinvented by the Ottoman Turks to have a new monumental meaning. In that way, Hagia Sophia was recycled completely as a building and was brought into its new life under the Ottoman

First, on the region of Classical Revival, Saint Pancras(London), Engalnd which was opened in 1868 by the Midland Railway as the southern terminus of its main line which connected London with the East Midlands and Yorkshire and was expanded from 2001 to 2007 at a cost of £800 million with a ceremony attended by Queen Elizabeth II. The station was designed by William Henry Barlow with 3.7 to 5.2 m high and was constructed with 8 cm chip baseket. Suspension bridge Clinfor(1830-1963) in Bristol, England would be the second. Brooklyn bridge on New York, American built across East River. Besides, architectural structure of Classical Revival in France following the image of the Roman, it must be reminded of Triomphe(1808) and name pillar Vendome(1806).

In 1180 the first mention of the Holy Grail was put into written text. Chrétien de Troyes’s French romance was called Conte del Graal, but the Holy Grail became more recognized when it was put into Christian text. Joseph wrote a poem called Joseph d’ Arimathie. In this poem Joseph talks about the Last Supper where Jesus drank from the Holy Grail. Also mentioned is how Joseph used the Grail to collect Jesus’ blood as He was on the cross (“The History of the Holy Grail”).

Tension started when King Henry VIII initiated the act to leave the catholic church, and create The church of England. The king then made himself head of the church which brought up problems with the catholic church. After King Henry died, his son Edward VI, took throne at age nine. Edward reigned as a powerful protestant king, He was a huge boost to the churches strength. King Edward VI did away with all the catholic statues, stained glass in the churches and introduce the common book of prayer.

The outline of the first chapter 1 Introduction 2 Terminology of the Holy Grail 3 Pre-Christian Holy Grail 4 The Holy Grail as a Christian symbol 5 The quest of the Holy Grail in literature Chapter 1: Once Upon a Time Introduction “The grail remains one myth that fails to die with the passing of time “(Griffin 6). From antiquity, there have been many mythical stories about great adventures, magic, romantic love and mystery, taking for instance, Robin Hood’s legend, and the famous love story of Cinderella, but none of these have approached the Arthurian legend for its endurance and popularity, one may link this to the Holy Grail which was described by Sandra Miesel, the co-author of The Da Vinci Hoax, in her article”

The Way of the Cross won an art prize at the World Expo 1893 in Chicago. The Pieta is three times bigger than that of Michelangelo. A John Paul II 's bust is located at the rear of the cathedral to commemorate his visit to New York in 1979. Francis Spellman, then archbishop and later cardinal, undertook a major renovation of the organization of the choir in the late 1930s and early 1940s .The former main altar of St. Patrick is now significantly modified and shortened.

Suger wanted it to be immersed in light, and so he first made thin columns and clustered them together to support the ribs. He then added large colourful stained-glass windows, whose angular designs created an eerie look. The renovations were finally completed on June 11th 1144.

What did it mean to be an American in the early 1800`s. Being an American means having pride and unity in one’s country and to care for his or hers country. In America they have weird and unusual art styles starting from folk art to portraits. They don’t know what art really is back in France we could make better art with our eyes closed.

Therefore, many French citizens were able to keep their French culture and carry on passing in down for generations to come. British and French people

A product of this meeting has become known as the Edict of Nilan, which extended toleration to the Christians and restored any personal and corporate property that had been confiscated during the persecution. The Council of Nicaea coincided almost exactly with the celebrations of the 20th anniversary of the reign of Constantine, at which, returning the compliment paid by the emperor’s attendance at their council, the bishops were honored participants. But Constantine’s visit to the West in 326, to repeat the celebrations at Rome, brought the greatest political crisis of the reign. These events set the course of the last phase of the reign of Constantine. After his defeat of Licinius he had renamed Byzantium as Constantinople, and immediately upon his return from the West he began to rebuild the city on a greatly enlarged pattern as his permanent capital and the “second Rome.”