“There is some risk involved in action, there always is. But there is far more risk in failure to act” (Harry S. Truman). This quote by president Truman refers to the U.S policy of being proactive to contain communism from spreading during the cold war. Throughout the cold war, the U.S enforce their new policy of being prepared to stop the Soviets from spreading communism and instead spread the word of democracy.
To start off, The unsuccessful policy of a laissez-faire government during WWI, the Great Depression, and WWII made the U.S change to the new policy of getting involved and stopping problems immediately. Throughout 1914-1918 the U.S experienced WWI which was the world’s second most devastating war of all time and the U.S lost a good amount of soldiers. Following this was the world’s most catastrophic depression that lead the U.S citizens to unemployment and poverty. The U.S eventually get out of this because of the start of WWII. During this war our policy was to let the dictators make the first moves and then we would get involved. This policy didn’t go well and this war ended up having over 55 million casualties. Our government at the time did get us through these tough times, but we weren’t using a good policy and it ended up causing a lot of traumatic events. This then leads to the new policy of peace and prosperity that didn’t want another world war or another great depression. This policy was made so that we could learn from our past mistakes and defeat communism through being prepared and proactive, but not pre-emptive. This means
…show more content…
The cold war was mainly a war of thoughts of either being democratic or communistic. We won this because of how we out spent them by spreading democratic ideals which caused them to run out of money. This then lead to the collapsing of the Soviet Union which signaled the end of the cold
Although the United States and the Soviet's relationship had been strained before the war. During World War II, they collectively became allies when Hitler broke the Non-Aggression Pact. This was unlikely for the two countries because (refer to the issues they had prior to WWII). Even though this occurred they stayed allies through WWII until Stalin wanted a Western Front. What were the leading causes and factors that caused the Cold War?
Soviet Union and United States wanted to put the halves back together, but had different ideas of how the government should be run, which caused tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States to escalate. The United States thought that the Soviet Union wanted to spread communism to surrounding nations. The United States focused on communism, to start, President Harry S Truman created a foreign policy called the Truman Doctrine to defend the Soviet's political pushes. With the policy established, the United States would contribute any forces or supplies needed to those nations under fire from outside and in-house forces. The plan was set to defend areas anywhere from Asia to Europe.
This provides insight to one of the main causes for the strong isolationist sentiment in American foreign policy in the sense that they had way too many problems back home to be even thinking about another war. People were starving to death and unemployment rates were at an all-time high. This economic instability led to widespread opposition to any war and led to an increased support for neutrality and isolationism. Furthermore, Document 6 is an excerpt from current president, Franklin D. Roosevelt, during the Great Depression in 1937. This excerpt provides a strong isolationist position and very strong opposition to war.
The cold war was a state of political hostility between countries that used threats, propaganda, and other measures to fight against each other, instead of actually physically fight. The cold war is different from previous wars because they were ideological fighting, alliances depended on who they would fight, also known as the arms race. The cold war was all ideological fighting because, In document D there is an excerpt from the north atlantic treaty. It states that there was a group or an alliances called NATO.
With each President’s idea, the countries gained the strength to defend themselves from communism with the help of the United States. We did not want countries to fall to communism, due to the Domino Theory, the idea that if one central country fell, many others around it would
Canada has many factors that cause it to be the strong and independent country it is and is seen as today. The cold war is a factor that shaped Canada’s independence and why people see Canada as such a strong country. Canada joins the U.N( United Nations). The U.N was created Oct 24, 1945. The U.N is an organization of countries that work together to prevent war, improve living conditions in other countries, defend human rights etc.
This tug of war between Roosevelt representing an interventionist minority and the isolationists in Congress resulted in little effective headway made in either direction until the United States was once again forced into a world war. In President Harry Truman’s speech, The Truman Doctrine, given on the twelfth of March, 1947 before a Joint Session of Congress, Truman voiced, “I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.” After World War Two, the United States realized that a lack of involvement and aid for war torn countries allowed communism and totalitarianism to spread. The Soviet Union took control of many Eastern European countries, and this was called the Iron Curtain by Winston Churchill. Unlike in World War One and the beginning of World War Two, Truman had support from more well liked figures such as George F. Kennan and George C. Marshall. Kennan’s idea was based around providing economic and financial aid to struggling countries, and this heavily shaped the plan America would use.
The attack comes without warning and President Harry Truman, with the help of the United Nations, vows to defend democratic South Korea. The Containment Policy stated that the US would support any nation that are being oppressed by communism and cannot protect themselves from it. This became America’s major reason to intervene in the Korean War. However, the policy of containment came under attack due casualties and economic issues that the policy created. One of the major effects that over extended the powers of American foreign policy is that it gave the US a reason to interfere with any war they wanted as long as it involved communism.
In document H, George C. Marshall is giving his speech about foreign policy. “Our policy is directed not against any country… but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos.” He offered the Marshall Plan to aid in the aftermath of WWII. Now that the United States has become one of the stronger world powers, the effort to keep other nations afloat has become one of the priorities by top officials such as Marshall and Harry Truman. They created this idea of containing communism.
Especially since Eisenhower believed in massive retaliation, which was funding the stockpiling of nuclear weapons and less funding to the army. Eisenhower’s policy had backlash from both conservatives and liberals. As stated in Document E, “...whether a policy accepting the first blow may be the best one.” People believed that massive retaliation was not the best way to avoid nuclear war. Document E serves the purpose of showing the faults of massive retaliations and how in the grand scheme it isn’t a sufficient way to keep away from a nuclear war.
Some historians believe the Cold War was inevitable because of the hostilities from both America and the Soviet Union after World War II. America believed that the USSR was an expansionist country trying to spread an evil, communistic idea throughout the world. Although the countries never directly fought against each other, as they only fought in proxy wars, there was still extreme conflict. The United States responded to the Soviets actions in Germany, Europe, and their national actions. These responses were justifiable, or so many Americans at the time believed.
Some of the actions that the U.S. took was the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, going into nations that were controlled by the Soviets to fight back, and had the wrong motives. The United States actions during the cold war were not justified, because of the motives that they had behind their actions which were selfish and did not think about everyone else, these actions also caused more aggression. The U.S made the decision to drop a bomb on the city of Hiroshima, Japan. The U.S dropped the bomb because they wanted the fighting to be over in Japan and they wanted them to surrender without having to have any American soldiers step in and lose American lives.
After War World II, many countries need help with reconstruction, this was a chance for both the US and Soviet to make “friends” with these countries. President Truman announced a policy that was called later on the Truman Doctrine, the policy states that the US should help any country that will help any country that does not become communists which basically means become alliances of the Soviet (Doc 2), the goal of policy like this is to form alliances and prevent the other side from gaining alliances. If a side gain a powerful ally nation, it definitely makes that side stronger and that is the power of politics. As China turning into a powerful nation, US made a political decision that it would recognize the Government of the People’s Republic of China as the sole legal Government of China (Doc 11). The essence of alliance was showed that whether US wanted or not, to prevent China from getting even closer with the Soviet, US will have to “befriend” with China in order to earn this powerful
The plan itself brought about a lot of change and focus on industrialization. This would help the U.S. protect itself from the invasion of the USSR and communist ideas in
One of the most significant and prolonged conflicts in the 20th century was the Cold War lasting from the end of World War II until the early 1990s. This event shaped American political ideology and foreign policy, impacted the economy and impacted the lives of many individuals. This era marked a course of intense competition and rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union, as there were shifts in the balance of power, leading to new alliance formations and the creation of international institutions. The history of the end of the Cold War explains contemporary geopolitics in several ways: (1) the rise of international organizations, (2) the spread of globalization, and (3) the decline of Soviet power.