Human Biology________________________________________ Assignment of Ebola Virus Disease Name: Sintija Heidemane Student Nr: 14104320 Class: Diploma in Foundation Studies - Science, Technology and Engineering 2014/ 2015 (DFS) Module: Biology Lecturers name: Dr. Paul Anglim Overview of Ebola According to https://web.stanford.edu/group/virus/filo/history.html and who.com Ebola virus disease was first detected in 1976 in Nzara, Sudan and Yambuku, Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo, Africa). These two sudden outbreaks infected more than 284 people. Later in a village close to Ebola River more outbreaks started to happen and that’s where they named the virus after. Many scientists and researchers had …show more content…
Reddened eyes, joint and muscle pain. Headache, nausea and vomiting. There are also some other symptoms that may be included to this list such as: Diarrhoea, stomach pain and loss of appetite, cough, sore throat, and difficulty swallowing, rash, hiccups, chest pain and breathing problems. As the disease gets worse, symptoms can also include bleeding in certain areas outside and inside the body such as bleeding from the nose, ears and blood in stools. (who.com) According to http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/, it can be difficult to diagnose the disease as the symptoms are very similar to other infectious diseases such as malaria, typhoid fever and meningitis. To find out if it is the Ebola virus the following investigations are used: • antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) • antigen-capture detection tests • serum neutralization test • reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay • electron microscopy and virus isolation by the cell culture Mechanism of …show more content…
(2014). Questions and Answers on Ebola| Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever | CDC. [online] Cdc.gov. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/2014-west-africa/qa.html [Accessed 26 Nov. 2014]. Who.int, (2014). WHO | Ebola virus disease. [online] Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/ [Accessed 26 Nov. 2014]. Web.stanford.edu, (2014). Brief Ebola General History. [online] Available at: https://web.stanford.edu/group/virus/filo/history.html [Accessed 26 Nov. 2014]. Boyd, P., Sample, I., Kingsland, J., Purcell, A., Phipps, J. and Wyse, P. (2014). Ebola virus: how it spreads and what it does to you – video. [online] the Guardian. Available at: http://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2014/oct/22/ebola-virus-how-it-spreads-video [Accessed 26 Nov. 2014]. Prevention, C. (2014). Diagnosis| Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever | CDC. [online] Cdc.gov. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/diagnosis/index.html [Accessed 26 Nov. 2014]. Md-health.com, (2014). Recovering from Ebola | MD-Health.com. [online] Available at: http://www.md-health.com/Recovering-from-Ebola.html [Accessed 26 Nov. 2014]. Prevention, C. (2014). Treatment| Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever | CDC. [online] Cdc.gov. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/treatment/ [Accessed 26 Nov.
Nancy Jaax almost became infected when she tore her space suit while performing an autopsy on an infected monkey. Luckily she didn’t, but danger can happen around any corner. Even though Doctors new a lot about Ebola it was still very scary and unpredictable to work on. The beginning of the book gives the reader a very description of what Ebola is and does to its unlucky victims. “Ebola the slate wiper, did things to people that you do not want to think about.
In the Hot Zone, Richard Preston demonstrates how devastating Ebola and other filoviruses can be to large populations. In the book, Preston describes true events during an outbreak of Ebola virus at a Monkey facility in Reston, Virginia in 1980. He also gives background from other viral outbreaks in Africa in the 1970’s and 1980’s.
The Hot Zone follows the true events of an Ebola outbreak at a monkey facility in Reston, Virginia in the late 1980s. In order to contextualize the danger, Preston provides crucial background information about several other viral outbreaks, particularly in Africa in the 1970s and 1980s. The book begins in Kenya in 1980, where Preston describes the death of Charles Monet due to Marburg virus. He goes into great detail describing the vividly bloody death in order to provide the reader with an immediate sense of the virus as a predator with the potential to decimate a large population. He then provides information about the first Marburg outbreak in a vaccine factory in Marburg, Germany in 1967.
While reading one immediately gets a sense of the harsh symptoms and gruesome death that someone with Marburg would have to endure. A picture becomes painted in the reader’s mind of the horrifying capabilities of the Marburg virus which has the potential to eradicate entire populations. The next few chapters are when the author describes other outbreaks of Ebola which had occurred before Monet had contracted the virus. While describing one of these outbreaks the author, Richard Preston concentrates on one particular story, the story of Nancy Jaax. Nancy was a scientist which had a very close call to almost infecting herself with the virus while examining a sample trying to find the cure for Marburg.
The community is scared of patients in quarantine and health consequences occur such as the inability to get food from the grocery store, go to the bank or write cheques and the victims are encouraged to stay indoors. This puts victims at risk for mental consequences such as depression and mental illnesses related to isolation. Health care workers risked their lives to interact and treat the victims in the story as well as an anonymous nurse who showed Bruce their support by leaving groceries outside his door (CBC, 2013). 5. The Ebola virus is spread through infected body fluids that get in your mucous membranes or breaks in the skin and it is only contagious when the infected individual presents with symptoms know as droplet spread.
This presents how not only has virus been located in the US and West Africa but in another known location as
It is believed that the fruit bats first carried the disease Ebola. Being that it is contagious, scientists and doctors believe the disease first transferred to humans when people ate the fruit bats. With the Red Death, you died within thirty minutes. In those times, they were not sanitary. They could have had the symptoms for a long time and not known about it until it became severe, the day, or hour, they would die.
Despite the efforts of the greatest minds in the world, scientists were unable to explain why the virus acted the way it did. These unique characteristics contributed to millions of deaths and the growing fear of the
Once they understood the severity, people that were believed to have Ebola were put into isolation rooms and the staff that entered the room had to be in special suits. The hospitals were devastated at the loss of the patients and doctors. The book does not go into detail about hospitals doing research other than the isolation rooms and suits. The loved ones also did not understand that Ebola kills nine of every ten people it affects. Many times the people said if only they had gotten the person who died in a hospital sooner that they would not have died.
Try me, I thought. I was not prepared. In 1989, a new strain of ebolavirus wreaked havoc in a monkey house in Reston, Virginia, only a few miles from where I currently live. Ebola Reston has a 90% mortality rate and
The first part of the book included the first known cases of Marburg disease. The Marburg disease became available in Marburg, Germany in 1967. Also, the well-known stories of Yu G. who was the first person to die from Ebola Sudan in 1976, and Mayinga N., a nurse who became infected with Ebola Zaire after helping treat a patient who dies of the disease. At first, Mayinga was in denial about her abnormal symptoms and spent two days in the city around thousands of civilians exposing her infection to everyone around her before going to the hospital, she ended up dying just like Monet. Another story consisted of a Lieutenant Colonel, Nancy Jaax.
They did not dispose of them properly or sterilize the needles. EBO-Z was then spread throughout YMH, infecting staff members as well as patients” (Commission). This encounter shows how Ebola Zaire (EBO-Z) has been easily spread throughout the YMH and can ruin the human population. EBO-Z will eat its victim and lead them to a painful death. The earliest known outbreak was located at Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo, suggesting that all known outbreaks evolved from a Yambuku like virus after nineteen seventy-six.
When an individual has this disease, symptoms such as pyrexia, migraine, queasiness, upchucking, chills, and having pain on one’s back would appear. Yellow fever has no cure and treatment incorporates merely of endeavors in order for the convalescent to be consoled and at ease. Patients would recuperate up to three to four days but, about fifteen percent would enter another stage of this sickness after a respite. This stage consists of a reappearance of high fever, abdominal pain, the skin will turn yellow and there is a possibility that the eyes can become yellow as well, bleeding from the eyes, nose, mouth, stomach, heaving, and degrading kidney function. Yellow fever is known to exterminate thirty thousand people yearly.
Dealing With Conflict and Hard Times When it comes to dealing with tough times such as going to internment camps or hiding from Nazi soldiers so that they aren’t taken to centration camps, there are three important questions that come into play; What motivates people to move through hard times and moments? , What can people do to help others going through tough problems?, and Who can people go to to help them through tough times or conflict? I think that people can best respond to conflict by staying strong through courageousness and always having people in their life to talk to.
2. In the present day, how did the virus get to the U.S.? Who or what was the host of the virus? The virus got to the United States by someone buying a money illegally from a biotest facility.