(Hook). Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, follows the lives of Scout, Jem, and Atticus Finch in Maycomb, southern Alabama, during the Great Depression. Risking his reputation, family, and life, Atticus, Jem and Scout's father, defends a black man named Tom Robinson, in one of the biggest trials of Maycomb. In To Kill a Mockingbird there are many instances of foreshadowing throughout the book. Foreshadowing is used to provide clues to the reader about how events will play out in the future of how characters will develop. In her novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee skillfully uses snow, a white camellia, and a mockingbird as symbols to foreshadow events and people that occur later in the book. To begin, Lee uses the snow blanketing …show more content…
Dubose as a symbol to foreshadow Jem rejecting white supremacy. In chapter eleven Jem is gifted a box of white camellias after Mrs. Dubose’s death. She gave the flowers to him because Jem helped Mrs. Dubose battle her morphine addiction by reading to her after school in her final days. When Jem receives the flowers Scout describes, “Jem opened the box. Inside, surrounded by wads of damp cotton, was a white, waxy, perfect camellia. It was a snow-on-the-mountain…Jem screamed, flinging it down” (Lee 128). When Scout depicts, white, waxy, perfect camellia it shows how the flower symbolizes the white supremacist warped lense of Maycomb, that the white people of their town are untainted, pure, perfect. Jem screamed, flinging it down directly symbolizing his refusal of white supremacy from the people of Maycomb. Later in the book, Tom Robinson’s trial plays out as the finches hoped it wouldn't. The heavy biased and racism in Maycomb wins, and Tom is convicted guilty. When the Finches are leaving the courthouse, Jem says, “It ain’t right Atticus…How could they do it, How could they?” (Lee 242-243). This displays Jem's rejecting to follow along with the rest of the town's white supremacist ideals after hearing the verdict. Jem throws away the pure white, waxy verdict that most of the people of Maycomb happily …show more content…
In chapter ten of To Kill a Mockingbird Jem and Scout get shotguns from Atticus for Christmas. Upon this gift, Atticus wouldn't teach the kids to shoot but he did give one piece of wisdom to them, Atticus warns the kids, “...remember it's a sin to kill a mockingbird” (Lee 103). This is the first direct connection the reader gets to the title, To Kill a Mockingbird. This connection foreshadows that a character symbolizing a mockingbird will be killed. Later Scout asks Mrs. Maudie, the Finch's next-door neighbor, about what Atticus said and she explains, “Mockingbirds don't do one thing but make music for us to enjoy. They don't eat up people's gardens, don't nest in corncribs, they don't do one thing but sing their hearts out for us” (Lee 103). This means mockingbirds directly symbolize innocents, when Mrs. Maudie says they don't eat up people's gardens, don't nest in corncribs she means they don't do anything wrong. So it would be a sin to kill something or someone that is innocent. Later in the book after Tom Robinson is found guilty even though Atticus proves his innocence beyond responsible doubt and it is shown to the courtroom that Bob Ewell is the true perpetrator. Tom is sent to Enfeild Prison Farm 70 miles from Chester county and after a short while of being there something happens to him. Atticus discloses, “Tom's dead. They shot…seventeen bullet
Inside, surrounded by wads of damp cotton, was a white, waxy, perfect camellia.” (Lee 128). This quote symbolizes her passing racism down to Jem and him rejecting it and later on talking to Atticus about how racism is unfair. After the trial of Tom Robinson Jem is unsatisfied with the results. He even notices how Tom is innocent and mad that just because of skin color Tom is convicted.
In the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee uses the symbol of the mockingbird to portray a key coming of age scene where Scout and Jem learn that innocence should not be disrupted by preconceived notions and depravity. After receiving air-rifles as Christmas presents, Scout and Jem are taught by Atticus that “‘it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird’” (Lee 119). Scout later confirms the validity of this statement with Miss Maudie. She assures Scout that the statement is true, for mockingbirds do nothing but sing for everyone to hear.
To show, Atticus explains to his son Jem that the justice system is broken and favor white people no matter how strong of a case he could make, “There's something in our world that makes men lose their heads—they couldn't be fair if they tried. In our courts, when it's a white man's word against a black man's, the white man always wins. They're ugly, but those are the facts of life.” (Lee, Chapter 23). Atticus has experience with these cases before because of his job and he knows how it all works, no matter what he does, nothing he could do would help him win if he was defending a black person.
Foreshadowing is seen everywhere--in the world of today, and in To Kill a Mockingbird. In every story there's foreshadowing--hints of future events. Seemingly every page of the novel consists of foreshadowing in some form. Even the first page that is read gives clues of the ending to this story.
Lee is referred to as Scout throughout the book with her father being depicted as a character by the name of Atticus Finch and her brother being Jem Finch. The interpretation of the trial itself is altered to be based around an African-American man named Tom Robinson, and the false allegations of him assaulting a white woman and his unlawful execution under incarceration. In her novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, Lee uses the symbolic significance of a Snowman, the Mad Dog, and a Mockingbird to foreshadow the events of an unjust trial in her novel. Harper Lee incorporates the symbolic significance of a Snowman to illustrate the institutionalized racism in the Southern U.S and foreshadow the treatment of Tom Robinson throughout the book. The Snowman itself appears in the story as first constructed of dirt and then covered with snow.
In Jem's view (like stated in the previous paragraph) his father is of moral perfection and therefore has never had any prejudice toward African Americans and has taught Jem always to respect them as equals. He has not seen Maycomb in its prejudice towards African Americans. Jem finds out that people don’t like his father and his actions because of his ties to those he represents. Jem’s actions are from a source of anger emitted by what he knows is wrong, because he is losing innocence he does not know how to deal with his anger from the Dubose's unkindness, so he takes it out on her “camellia buds”(119) and destroys them to release that anger. Atticus teaches the children they must
Yet, despite the distinct evidence of Tom Robinson’s innocence, the jury went against those morals and sinned, cruelly killing the harmless mockingbird. It’s apparent how this analogy affected Jem’s reactions as “his hands were white from gripping the balcony rail, and his shoulders jerked as if each “guilty” was a separate stab between them,” (Lee 240). When pairing the mockingbird symbol to Jem’s emotional reaction, his devastation and hopelessness at his town evident, it’s clear that Jem recognized just how unjustful and foul Maycomb really
The major theme in To Kill a Mockingbird is the loss of innocence. Not only do Scout and Jem lose their innocence, but other characters do as well. Scout and Jem grow up throughout the book, as they are exposed to the realities of racism, hatred and child abuse. They witness racism in the Tom Robinson case when Mayella Ewell claims he took advantage of her, when it was really Bob Ewell that did it. The court voted Tom Robinson guilty because he was African American, and most of the town would have been furious if a white man was convicted over a black man.
It is at this moment that Jem and Scout realize that as much as they want the world to be fair, it is never going to be in favor of them. The morals in Maycomb, no matter how unfair and biased they may be, will not change as the racism and prejudice present in the novel have been in Maycomb for as long as the people living there can remember. This incident is another example of a lesson learned for both Jem and Scout as they see that life is not always perfect, but they have to make out of it what they
In the town of Maycomb where the Finch’s live, there is an old woman named Mrs. Dubose. She is an extremely mean and racist old woman known for yelling at kids, harassing people, and tending to her White Camellia flowers. The White Camellia flower is the flower of the KKK, and is widely known to symbolize white supremacy. Not knowing this, Jem destroys these flowers in a fit of rage surrounding Mrs. Dubose's comments about his father. This leads to months of him reading to Mrs. Dubose as a form of punishment for his actions.
Atticus is described as being different from the other fathers in Maycomb. He is considered different because he didn't have kids until later in life, he didn't work a special job, and he didn't want his children to use guns for the wrong purposes. When speaking to Jem about the latter, Atticus famously states, "Shoot all the bluejays you want, if you can hit 'em, but remember it's a sin to kill a mockingbird." (Lee 119). When put into the context of the mockingbird as a symbol of innocence, the phrase "to kill a mockingbird" can stand for "to kill one's innocence.
As Sheriff Tate is reading the jury’s votes,”Guilty...guilty...guilty...guilty…,”(Lee 240) Scout describes Jem gripping the balcony railing so tight his knuckles turn white and wincing at every “guilty” he heard. The ruling ruling is very unfair. On the other hand , for many reasons, it could have been predicted. Then when Jem makes it outside to Atticus, he is saying,”It ain’t right.”(Lee 242) over and over again.
The Mockingbird is originally brought up as the only thing Atticus has ever called a sin, which is why Scout remembers it. Atticus says, “Shoot all the bluejays you want, if you can hit ‘em, but remember it’s a sin to kill a Mockingbird” (Lee 103). Later on, it is stated that it is a sin to kill a Mockingbird because they are innocent, and all they do is sing songs for other people to enjoy. As the plot thickens, we get introduced to a Mockingbird, Tom Robinson, someone who was innocent but got killed. Tom Robinson gets tried for rape and gets sentenced guilty, even though the story did not add up in the slightest, and quickly becomes a victim of overkill.
In her novel To Kill a Mockingbird, Harper Lee masterfully uses the symbolic significance of the snowman, the mad dog, and the white camilla flower to foreshadow events that occur later in the novel. To begin, Harper Lee uses the snowman to foreshadow how an innocent black man’s story is covered up and forgotten. Excited, Scout and Jem see snow for the first time. They decide to build a snowman with all the snow they can find.
Symbolism is used by many authors to convey a specific message that carries a deep meaning. In Harper lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird, the primary symbol is the Mockingbird. There are numerous references to the mockingbird in the novel, which can be seen through some of the characters. The allusion of the mockingbird is used to represent the idea of innocence.