At the start of the semester, I was given the task of defining psychology. All I could think of was how the brain works and why organisms do the things they do. The answer to this question is rather simple, Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. There are a few psychological concepts and theories that will be discussed, and how they impact my life personally in-and-out of the classroom. These theories include Groupthink, the Bystander Effect, False Memories, Asch's Conformity Study, and Erikson's stages of psychosocial development. Groupthink was a very interesting aspect that I use in my day-to-day. This theory is a phenomenon where people desire consensus within a group. Often than not, people will disregard their own opinion …show more content…
To be concise, people are more likely to act if there are little or minimal people around. This is important to know because we are typically in a group setting, and anything can occur to anybody, so knowing the psychology of the Bystander Effect is beneficial. False Memories are constructed or distorted details of an event that did not actually occur. I use this theory in my day-to-day because I can literally implant a false memory into someone’s psyche because memory is prone to distortion. Also, this made me think about court testimonies and how false memories impact people. Asch's Conformity Study was an interesting one. Similar to groupthink, this study looked at how individuals were willing to disregard their own answers and give an incorrect response just to conform to the rest of the group. The main theory being researched was conformity, which is a social influence dealing with a change in behavior in order to fit in with a group. This is usefully in my day-to-day because as stated above, a majority of human life involves interaction with others in a group setting, so this can help me spot out whether or not people are just trying to conform, or they are providing their actual genuine
According to Dictionary.com (2017), the definition of psychology is: “The scientific study of mental processes and behaviour. The behavioural and cognitive characteristics of a specific individual, group, activity, or circumstance.” Psychology studies human mental functioning and behaviour by the use of systematic, scientific study known as the scientific method. The scientific method is a standardised way of making observations, gathering data, forming theories, testing predictions and interpreting results. Courses.lumenlearning.com (2017) stated that the scientific method is based on the following process: 1.Ask a question.
Martian Luther King Jr. had people follow him to help get rid of racism. Adolf Hitler used groupthink by speaking to the crowd that didn’t like the Jews and thought that they didn’t have a reason to be on earth. He made people believe that was the right thing to do. David Koresh used groupthink by telling people he was the “Spiritual Heir” and people believed him so they thought it was the right thing. The adults that followed him had made their children follow him to.
The only real way to combat the negative effects of groupthink is to cast aside your surrounding society’s norms of what is ‘good’ and ‘bad’, and to take a personal stance against that society no matter what the cost may be. The Salem Witch Trials as represented in The Crucible by Arthur Miller are a perfect, if slightly extreme, example of what herd mentality can lead to if left long enough to fester and grow. John Proctor is the character who takes a stand against his surrounding society, losing his life in the process but also breaking the thrall of groupthink for the town of Salem, effectively setting them free from the Witch Trials. There are two main types of people affected by groupthink: those who unconsciously go with the crowd and are unaware, and those who are simply too scared to speak up.
Psychology is involved in our everyday lives. The definition of psychology is the study of behavior and mental processes. An example of psychology is talking to new people around you. You talk to each person differently than you do with your family and your close friends. Also, you can learn how to deal with different new situations that we can face.
What exactly is psychology? While it may seem like a very basic question, it is one of the most common questions asked by students new to the study of psychology. During your first lecture of an introductory psychology class, your instructor might spend some time going around the room asking students to explain what they think psychology involves. During my first psychology class, one girl made a dramatic point of waving her fingers over another student's head and pretending to read his thoughts. Unfortunately, such misconceptions about psychology abound and part of the confusion stems from stereotyped portrayals of psychologists in popular media as well as the diverse careers paths of those holding psychology degrees.
Writing Assignment Option 4 Psychology is defined by Merriam-Webster as “the science or study of the mind or behavior.” That definition may seem vague, but it is really the only way to fully define psychology as a whole. Over the Thanksgiving break, I looked at things from a new perspective now that I have some knowledge in this vast world of psychology and I even used psychology to my advantage!
Group think According to Janis, who coined the term; groupthink “occurs when a group makes faulty decisions because group pressures lead to a deterioration of mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment” (1972, p. 9) further group think often leads to a decrease in the mental efficacy perception of reality and moral judgement, as personages find themselves in a group system that seeks high cohesion and unanimity which delimits the motivation of the individual to realistically appraise alternate courses of action (Janis, 1972). A common trait of a collective experiencing this phenomenon, is an inclination to take irrational decision making in addition to members of the group being similar in background and further being insulated from external insight. Comparably the singularity of groupthink is present in the film 12 Angry Men, and appears anecdotally, early on the film, present in the expected unanimous vote of ‘guilty,’ that will send the defendant to the electric chair. Invulnerability Literature surrounding the concept of group think is greatly rooted in the writings of Janis.
One Example of groupthink I read about is the "escalation of the Vietnam War”, 1. Summarize what happened (explain the event in your own words). In August 1964, two U.S. destroyers stationed in the Gulf of Tonkin in Vietnam radioed that North Vietnamese forces had fired them upon.
In The Dangers of Groupthink, Naomi Karten provides the reader with a few of many examples on how they can avoid the dangerous phenomenon that is, Groupthink. Karten expresses her opinion by stating, “Diligently avoid a no-criticism culture and a no-criticism decision-making policy.” (The Danger of Groupthink, 2). Being able to avoid a nonconstructive environment is an extremely courageous step that can ultimately lead to one’s success. However, for one to achieve such a large task takes a tremendous effort, and requires one to place both their feelings and well being on the line.
1) Define psychology and trace its historical development. Psychology is the scientific research of the study of the human and animal behavior and mentalities. So in general the study is about how, what and why the human brain functions the way they do. As well as why mental illnesses exist.
Chapter 1 covers the definition of psychology and brief history of psychology. I learned that psychology is the study of the way people think, feel and behave. The goals of psychology are to describe behavior, explained, and predicted to control the behavior or change it. They are many types of psychological perspectives.
1.1First, we will discuss what is psychology. The name of psychology from the Greek language is the study of human and animal behavior as well as the disciplines of the theoretical and applied disciplines of psychological phenomena. Including theoretical psychology and applied psychology. Psychology involves many areas, such as perception, cognition, emotion, personality, behavior and interpersonal relationships, but also many areas of daily life - family, educational psychology, health and so on. Psychology attempts to explain the individual's basic and psychological functions and the functions of the brain, while psychology attempts to explain the role of the individual's mental functions in social and social behavior and social vitality.
Asch’s experiments proved that people will conform to a group’s actions or behavior even when they are clearly in the wrong. Milgram’s studies revealed people were struggling with making the decision to obey the experimenter or choosing to
Psychology is not a how-to guide. Its is not a crystal ball. It is not a lie detector. Psychology can be defined as "the discipline concerned with behavior and mental processes and how they are affected by an organism's physical state, mental state, and external environment." However, if I were to give my definition of psychology, I would say it is the study of the way the mind works in relation to the world around us and is based upon research and empirical evidence.
Have you ever been part of a team that made a terrible decision? You may have been part of a groupthink event. Groupthink is a term coined by Psychologist Irving Janis. He determined cohesive groups try to maintain unanimity rather than utilize all data to make a good decision (Whyte, 2000). Some historic examples of groupthink are the attack on Pearl Harbor, Iranian hostage rescue attempt, and the Holocaust.