In reference of sociological approaches and the one that captivated my attention in almost all chapters of text was of the Interactionalist. I analyze that while functionalists and conflict theorists study behavioral patterns on a large scale and throughout society, theorists who adopt the interactionist perspective “make generalizations about everyday forms of interaction to understand society as a whole” (Schaefer 16). The roots of the interactionist perspective was developed in the United States and the founder was George Herbert Mead (Schaefer 16). Importance is given to the consequences of the interaction, these are what define the group and the aspects related to the structure or social organization of the group. Interactions with certain members over a period of time and frequency can become stabilized and acquire a pattern. This pattern …show more content…
For instance, it underlines the key concept of face to face interaction and the symbolic examples of the role models in our society. For example, as the study reflects young offenders will be under the care and custody of familiar individuals and will have a face to face interaction. On the other hand, correctional systems offer more of a structural building that monitors criminals. In reality, correctional facilities do not offer any social interaction and is in most cases a jail cell is not a therapeutic, cultural and educational space for those that live in them. As a matter of fact, this article is fundamental to understand what the processes, patterns and forms of behavior are more normal in the configuration of young people who end up committing crimes and who, because of them, they end up in prison. For that purpose, it was found that keeping young offenders out of incarceration allows the understanding of the impact of social interaction as a solution to the
High rates of violence, unchecked gang activity, and overcrowding persist in Division of Juvenile Justice facilities where many youth sentenced as adults start their incarceration. Fights frequently erupt in facility dayrooms and school areas”. If the system continues to expose juveniles to more violence by sending them off to adult prison then problems get worse by slowing their development to
Prison is Violent for The Young Offenders Gary Scott a 17 year old man who was arrested at young age of 15 for a second degree murder and was served for 14 and a half years at a state prison in San Quentin California. In the article “Prison is Too Violent for Young Offenders” by Gary Scott he expresses that “Adult prison is not the appropriate level for young offenders”(P.2) Gary Scott writes in the article “Prison Is Too Violent for Young Offenders” that the incarceration of the young prisoners has an extremely destructive effect in the way that the young prisoners are developing negative behaviors due to the bad ideas the adult prisoners are showing them.
This program promotes a positive collaboration between offending youths, the justice system, and the community through the acceptance of responsibility, compliance with the disposition, and the completion of sanctions without a formal juvenile record. The intended outcome of this program is to reduce court backlogs, improve timeliness of case adjudication, cost savings, and accountability for first time, in some cases, second chances for misdemeanor offenders within the local community. Social learning theory proposes that youths learn deviance through imitation, cognitive definitions, differential reinforcement and association (Akers & Lee, 1996). Social influence theory contains conceptual elements of peer pressure, normative influence, and modeling (Maxwell, 2002).
The kids in the juvenile facilities often suffer from physical or sexual abuse and the staff provide them with a safe environment. They will form meaningful relationships with these juveniles and then they become willing to change their behaviors. In addition, these systems are built like homes and close to families. They will never be far away from their families. This system implements a group treatment model instead of isolating them and leaving them defenseless to other delinquents.
In sociology, there are three theoretical perspectives; symbolic interactionism, functional analysis and conflict theory. The major point of symbolic interactionism is to use symbols to help understand how we as a society view the world, and how we communicate with one another. In functional analysis, the major point is to look at society as a whole, constructed of various parts, or groups, that all have their own function. Lastly, conflict theory is the opposite of functional analysis. In this perspective, society is viewed as different groups, each competing for power, or dominance.
Furthermore, this essay will also discuss the social implications of these prison population trends in relation to criminal justice polices, other social policies related to
Emotions have largely been ignored by the classical theorists of sociology mostly due to its abstract, intangible and supposed ‘dangerous’ nature. It was only recently in contemporary times when a number of approaches on how to study emotions more closely were suggested. Out of all the different approaches suggested, I feel that the symbolic interactionist theory is the most convincing. This is because it ties in the aspect of individual agency and also overlaps with some of the other theories. While sociology revolves around the study of society, we tend to overlook the power one has over his actions.
Boot camps fail as an effective model to treat juvenile offenders because of the belief that the short amount of time spent in these programs can make a long-term difference in their behavior (Mitchell, 1996, p. 129). Even if an inmate graduates successfully from a boot camp, this is no assurance that he or she will reintegrate into society with the same success. It is most likely for juveniles to experience a hard time adapting to an environment without rigid authority and control. In addition, aggressive behavior may be reproduced outside of boot camps. According to the social learning theory, “behavior is acquired through modeling the behavior of others” (Shipley and Arrigo, 2012, p. 408).
Within the urban communities, negative perceptions are magnified. Adolescents are more prone to be a product of their environment, especially those whose parents are incarcerated. Because of this trend adolescents are being incarcerated at an alarming rate and sentenced to adult facilities. Lambie & Randall (2013) states, the United States have imposed harsher penalties on serious young offenders, and have consequently increased rates of incarcerated youth and made it easier for youth to be treated and incarcerated as adults within the justice
The prison community is one of best ones to be analyzed through the sociological perspective. It could provide insight into several unique characteristics of the inter-human relations, power, attitude toward money and wealth. Moreover, it gives an author a possibility to depict important social problems and concerns. The concept of power is the first sociological issue to be addressed in the novel.
Andrews and Bonta (1994) have given a list of factors that may increase recidivism rates. Firstly, offenders may lack the skills required for holding a job and therefore have to resort to crime to support themselves. Secondly, many of them are school dropouts. They therefore lack the social skills that are learnt in schools such as conflict resolution, empathy, and team building. Thirdly, they often belong to dysfunctional families where they do not get much
Juvenile delinquency is a growing social problem in the world today, as worldwide, about 200,000 murders occur among youth 10–29 years of age each year (more than 500 deaths a day), which is 43% of the total number of murders globally each year (WHO, 2016). It is defined as major or minor law breaking (e.g. murder, rape, robbery, and theft) by youth (Berger, 2000) and the United Nations defines ‘youth’, as those persons between the ages of 15 and 24 years. Consequently, juvenile delinquency is a critical problem in the society, which could lead to social instability by violence and insecurity perpetrated by and against young people. These problems are caused by various influential factors ranging from peer and parental influences, environmental, and strain. It also affected by family process variables (e.g. parent-child involvement, communication, parental monitoring), indeed parenting is one of the important factors among them.
(1994). JUVENILE OFFENDERS: WHAT WORKS? A Summary of Research
While Goffman was studying social interaction he postulated that there are seemingly irrelevant types of social interaction, which are majorly important and should not be snubbed in sociology. Social interaction comprises of a vast number of behaviors, which necessitate that social interaction be broken down into categories. The types of social interaction include: competition, coercion, exchange, conflict, accommodation and cooperation. Types of social
While studying sociology, every individual will have a distinct perspective and depending on the particular subject, not everyone will have the same viewpoint on the topic at hand. With this, Sociology consists of many different approaches, commonly known as “Sociology theories” These theories are distinctive and diverse, providing a different perspective for understanding different situations in society. With there being a wide variety of approaches such as “Feminist,” “Labelling,” and “Critical,” for instance, the top three major approaches representing Sociology are, “Structural Functionalism,” “Conflict Theory,” and “Symbolic Interactionism.” This paper will be comparing the differences and similarities between “Structural-Functionalism” approach and the “Symbolic Interactionism” approach. To start