The Heterogeneous SB-SBA-15 Synthesis Technique

CER Labs 2-3 Figure 1. Friedel-Crafts Acylation. Claim: An acetyl group was efficiently introduced to ferrocene by Friedel-Crafts Acylation (Figure 1). We isolated our crude yield while comparing 2 purification techniques: column chromatography and recrystallization. TLC, NMR, and IR spectroscopy were used throughout the process to identify ferrocene and acetylferrocene in addition to evaluating the levels of purity.

Because it is a tertiary benzylic halide, the reaction is considered an SN1 type. To test the purity, the class then uses a TLC. When one places,” a spot of the substance on the absorbent surface of the TLC plate, the solvent (or solvents) run up through the absorbent,” (Zubrick223). The initial mass of the reactant, triphenylmethyl chloride was 2.006 grams. The experiment yield is 1.589g, which is a 80.3% yield.

Therefore, water and ethylene terephthalate are formed. 2. Mechanism between dimethyl terephthalic and ethylene glycol In this reaction, heat use as catalyst. Figure 10: Mechanism between dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol As we known heat is involved in this reaction. Figure 10 shows the reaction between dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol.

3. To purify and identify the product, recrystallization is used in order to purify the product, then melting point and TLC techniques are used to identify the product. Theory 4. In nucleophilic substitution reactions, there are two possibilities, either Sn1 or Sn2. In this particular experiment, an Sn2 reaction

CML103 - Term paper Methanol Synthesis Industrial process/chemical synthesized: Today in industries, generally the basis for the manufacture of methanol is synthesis gas (normally called as syn gas). Syn gas is a mixture of carbon-monoxideand hydrogen. By syn gas :- For the production of methanol to be independent of feedstock material, the three steps that can be followed are :- Syn gas preparation, Methanol synthesis and, Methanol purification that contain the reactions given below a.) CO (g) + 2H2 (g) CH3OH (g) H25oC = -90.79 KJ/mol b.) CO2 (g) + 3H2 (g) CH3OH(g) + H2O (g) H25oC = -11.90 KJ/mol c.) CO2 (g) + H2 (g) CO (g) + H2O (g) H25oC = 41.01 KJ/mol The above three given chemical reactions are reversible reactions that is why we must have to control the temp., pressure and syngas mixture for the production of intermediate or products.

The solvents DMF and methanol were distilled for purification. Other chemicals were used as obtained. 2.2 Preparation of polystyrene (PS) Polystyrene prepared by free radical polymerization of styrene monomer. Styrene (1 mole) was taken in a round bottom flask (RBF) fitted with a reflux condenser. DMF was used as a solvent and AIBN (0.5% w/w of total monomer) as free radical initiator .The reaction was carried out at 70±2° C for 6 hour with constant stirring.

2. Experimental procedure 2.1. Chemicals and materials Melamine (99%), titanium dioxide with anatase (99.7%), isoniazid (ISN, >99%), isopropanol anhydrous (IPA, 99.5%), 1, 4-benzoquinone (BQ, ≥98%) and ammonium oxalate (AO, ≥99%) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. The molecular structure and chemical properties of isoniazid are given in Table 1. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 99%) and methanol (MeOH, analysis grade) was purchased from Merck Millipore, Germany.

In addition, phenolphthalein was added as an indicator. The aliquots were titrated against sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution until end point was reached, after which volume of NaOH consumed was recorded. The value of the rate constant, k, obtained was 0.0002 s-1. The experiment was then repeated with 40/60 V/V isopropanol/water mixture and a larger value of k = 0.0007 s-1 was obtained. We concluded that the rate of hydrolysis of (CH3)3CCl is directly proportional to water content in the solvent mixture.

He described a cryoscopic method for synthesis and determination of molecular weight. He described the nature of glycosidic bond using changes in optical rotation and reducing power during methylation reaction of dextrins and ring conformation. He concluded that glucose was the only product of acid hydrolysis. However, he tried to prove the cyclic structure of dextrins [32, 33]. He also delivered the results of enzymatic hydrolysis, hydrolysis, and acetolysis with acetyl bromide pattern of dextrins.

Michael Bent Mohamed Mire CHEM 220-12 4/13/2016 Methyl Benzoate Labs The first part of the lab regarded an esterification leading to the formation of Methyl Benzoate (C8H8O2). The purpose of this lab was to convert benzoic acid to methyl benzoate by means of utilizing a reflux acid catalyzed reaction with methanol; purity of the final product was assessed by means of both proton and carbon NMR. The extent to which a reaction’s products are reverted back into the original reactants is denoted by the equilibrium constant. The esterification reaction that's taking place in this lab has a low equilibrium constant (about 2.3) which means that a very low yield of the methyl benzoate product would be generated. There are a couple of mechanisms that