Ideological Stances

Brinkley (2012) wrote they envisioned a society of sturdy, independent farmers, happily free from the workshops, industrial towns and city mobs of Europe. They promoted a cultural outlook that emphasized localism, republican simplicity, and proposed a limited government power (p. 183). Jefferson faced political conflict because he opposed a strong federal government and favored states rights just like in the Articles of Confederation. Both Federalists and Republicans believe their policies are better for the people, Federalist wanted more federal government power and for Jefferson’s case, Republicans wanted less federal government power and more power given to the people and the states. Jefferson and his followers envisioned different changes to America through economics, education, culture, and politics.

President Roosevelt's idea of the three “R’s”(relief, recovery, and reform) did bring a significant impact to American society and it overturned the public’s thoughts about government intervention. Before the New Deal people preferred a free-market economic system and limited government ,but after they realized that government intervention was as important as freedom. Due to the New Deal, Americans believed that they had the strength to pass challenging situations. They did not loose hope as shown by President Roosevelt’s statement “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” ("Franklin D. Roosevelt) This statement was a response to the problems caused by Great Depression, and The New Deal and its aims effectively exemplified the idea that although the situation was worse, we still had the determination to overcome

Social mission and their success laid a good foundation, but is necessary to ensure that their effects fully reflected in the economy, particularly in that part of the non-oil sector. There is a tangible lack of investment. It is necessary to increase the capacity of the economy (watch the efficiency of public investments, reduce bureaucracy and corruption). Is possible to consider Chavez as successful? He managed to grasp the real power because they upset the traditional political party system, lambasted liberalism and capitalism as such and turned the masses against corrupt political parties.

In the article, Limbaugh characterizes environmentalist into two groups, socialist and “enviro-religious fanatics”. The socialist thinking environmentalist favor an intrusive government and central planning. Whereas, the enviro-religious fanatics are willing to sacrifice wealth and live in poverty like third world countries. Limbaugh acknowledges the understanding on average americans and the want of a clean planet, it is easy to understand that someone does not want to destroy where you live. Later in the article, he even agrees that the environmental hazards that really worry environmentalist are that are caused by businesses and man-made things.

Some would agree with this saying, but others feel it is only a modern version of “robin” hood. As Henry Hazlitt, author of “Old and Right,” expresses his opinion on redistribution of wealth, he brings up that: “Is the proposed measure intended primarily to help the poor, or to penalize the rich?” Hazlitt hints throughout the article, by quoting famous writers and some political people, that calling of redistribution of wealth is only the poor’s envy of the rich. Hazlitt also indicates that the “‘idea of equality is merely idealizing envy.’” Hazlitt expresses that if we go down this road that it will keep from positive ambition. Alessandra Stanley, author of “Silicon Valley largesse overlooks income inequality; The entrepreneur/philanthropists of the San Francisco-area tech industry are as conservative as benefactors of the past,” would agree with Hazlitt’s point that forced redistribution of taxes is not the answer. Stanley feels that income inequality and poverty is an engineering issue and not a tithe.

Supporters of hard money, the gold standard, believed that a strong currency with a stable value was needed for economic growth, while supporters of soft money, bimetallism, believed that silver would help American farmers and factory workers . Wall Street was a strong supporter of the gold standard, believing that soft money would only reduce foreign investment and prevent manufacturers from being able to compete with foreign producers and that the inflation accompanying soft money would weaken purchasing power . Wall Street preferred deflation, often a result of the gold standard, since it was advantageous to them as creditors; moreover, a strong US dollar, a byproduct of deflation, would be beneficial to Wall Street when participating in international trade . Bryan was a fierce supporter of bimetallism, mentioning in his infamous Cross of Gold speech that the currency debate was “a struggle between the holders of idle capital and the struggling masses” . Bryan believed that the free coinage of silver would help the struggling farmers in rural areas who were affected by the low prices that deflation from the gold standard brought.

The most crucial factor that maximizes the benefits of privatization is market competition. As Moore claims, “it is competition that creates efficiency and innovation, because competition punishes inefficiency and inertia”. Knowing they could be replaced if they fail to deliver, private firms would have strong incentives to provide quality service. Moreover, another key element that can drive private firms to maximize efficiency and quality are financial rewards. This argument is supported by Peter Kyle in “Contracting for Performance: Restructuring the Private Prison Market.” He affirms that “quality improvements are neglected by private prison companies faced with an absence of financial incentives.” As Kyle notes, federal and state governments should “turn to performance-based contracts that incentivize quality improvements by rewarding positive

The concept of entitlement was of an unconditional income. It showed the responsibility that had been long accepted and display the support among the support. The adequate income Act of 1972 came about because of the poverty had come from inadequate revenue. There is also the new liberal orthodoxy it showed a different concept then what the economic opportunity act show. Around the 1960s, the Liberals were showing that they associated dignity was self-deficiency by 1972 the Liberals define dignity as freedom.

It helps provide a free market economy system that enables citizens to have financial freedom. Limiting government also increases everyone 's freedom, but limiting the power of government also limits the ability to take action on its citizens. The government is too weak so there is a risk of citizens having their freedom violated.

By addressing that the upper class has a moral responsibility to help the less fortunate, Carnegie is admitting there is a major class division issue in the United States, which Addams would agree with. Carnegie believes philanthropy is a one-way street leading wealth from the upper class to the lower class, while Addams explains that everyone has something to offer to society and philanthropy is a two-way street. Addams attributes inequality to external factors, like social services and education, but Carnegie is focused on subconscious societal decisions that pick who is the most suitable “to administer [wealth]… to produce the most beneficial results for the community” (Carnegie, 20). To conclude, the Progressive Era was a time of great social change in the United States. Andrew Carnegie and Jane Addams both examined their personal position in society and decided to use their resources to improve society overall, despite taking different stances on how to do