Molecular Self-Assembly Seminar Report

1. INTRODUCTION Molecular self-assembly is the assembly of molecules in to a well-organized structure with the support of multiple intermolecular forces including relatively weak Non-covalent interactions, like hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, van-der Waals, ion-dipole, coordination and electrostatic interactions.1 The molecular self-assembly is an extensively viewed phenomenon that is yet to be entirely unstated. The molecular self-assembly is omnipresent in nature and has newly come into view as a new approach in material synthesis, polymer science, nanotechnology and engineering. It is feasible to generate a new category of materials at the molecular level via molecular self-assembly. The functional hybrid materials lying on this approach

The self-assembly can happen with constituents from the molecular to planetary level with the assist of various types of interactions. The molecular self-assembly phenomenon has fuelled many progresses at the interface between molecular biology, polymer science, chemistry, materials science and engineering.4 The molecular self-assembly has given proof to be a consistent approach on the basis of multiple weak intermolecular forces directing to the design of bulky, discrete, ordered structures from the relatively uncomplicated entities. The construction of colloids,5 self assembled mono layers, lipid bi-layers6 and molecular crystals 7 are models of the molecular self assembly. Ultimately, there is huge possibility for its aid in DNA assembly, protein binding, biological arrays, cell interactions, electrochemistry, corrosion resistance, smart materials, non-fouling properties, and molecular electronics.8 as a consequence, the self-assembly is playing vital role in a collection of fields including physics, biology chemistry, materials science and

In dynamic self-assembly, the interactions which is responsible for the development of patterns or structures between components only take place if the system is dissipating energy. Here, the components self assembling system cooperate with one another in complex (and frequently nonlinear) manner and their behaviour will regularly be complex. While the static self-assembly is a phenomenon in which ordered structures are formed when the system reaches a least energy and do not dissipate energy. Typical examples are liquid crystals,10 hierarchical supramolecular systems,11 nanoparticles,12 nanorods,13 and structured block copolymers. 14 Among these, the study of dynamic self-assembly is in its early life whereas the static type has found diverse applications. The phenomenon of static and dynamic self assemblies can be again separated into two additional variants, templated (T) and biological self-assembly (B). In a templated self-assembly, the interactions between the components and expected characters in their environment determine the structures that form. One example is crystallization on the surface, which establishes the morphology of the crystal. The feature of biological self-assembly is the variety and difficulty of the functions that it generates due to the