Molecule Essays

than NaCl. Reason: Compare lattice energy. Type 3: simple molecule vs simple molecule Example: Explain why H2O has a higher melting point than H2S. Reason: Compare the relative strength of the intermolecular forces. Type 4: ionic compound vs simple molecule Example: Explain why NaCl has higher melting point than H2O. Reason: Compare ionic bond strength with weak intermolecular forces. Type 5: giant molecule vs simple molecule Example: Explain why SiO2 has a higher melting point than H2O

Due to water’s polar structure, ions in some compounds attract and form bonds with water molecules, forming hydrates. A hydrate is a salt that has water molecules trapped within its crystals. Every hydrate has a certain number of water molecules weakly bonded to the salt as follows: salt • number of water molecules Anhydrous salts are salts that can form hydrates but which have had all the water driven off, usually by heat. By heating the Copper (II) sulphate hydrate until its color changes from

act as a framework to generate planar molecules. A molecule is only considered aromatic due to the fact that it is cyclic, that it follows the Huckel’s Rule and lastly that each element must have a p-orbital. Antioxidants play and important role in health. It can be defined as a group of organic chemicals and have been used to hinder the process of oxidative degradation of food products, fats and oils and polymers. Antioxidant can be defined as forms of molecules that help to maintain the body’s chemical

The Mole is a unit of measure.² Its nearly exact value, 6.022x1023,represents a constant known in scientific study as avogadro’s number. This number can be used to represent a number of atoms or molecules.2 Similar to the dozen, a Mole represents an amount, specifically, the number of atoms or molecules of a particular substance. Furthermore, moles

Introduction to Stoichiometry What does stoichiometry mean? Before trying to understand what stoichiometry means, you first need to know what chemistry deals with. Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with matter and all the change in composition it undergoes. Now, along the long line of the history of chemistry, scientists have used symbols, formulas, and equations to indicate the elements present, the relative amounts of elements, and the variety of combinations of atoms during a chemical

Mariel Beauroyre 9-B A chemical bond is form with the joining of two or more atoms (when two atoms are joined they form molecules and compounds.) Which are being held together by the attraction (force attraction) of atoms through sharing as well as exchanging electrons. Chemical bonds are found in molecules, crystals, or in solid metals. They also organized the atoms in order structures. But why are they important you may ask? They’re important because every material or substance in the world

is to find out what is the identity of the unknown hydrate? To answer this question first, we should know what a hydrate, and how to identify a hydrate using the law of constant proportions. A hydrate is a pure substance because it contains water molecules embedded in its crystal structure that does not vary. By heating the unknown hydrate, we can calculate the mass of the hydrated, and the percentage of water in the hydrate. To begin this, experiment our group start to weigh three difference empty

Problem: How does the temperature of water used to dissolve an Alka-Seltzer tablet affect the amount of time it would take for the tablet to completely dissolve? An Alka-Seltzer tablet is a medicine tablet made with baking soda used as a pain reliever for “headaches, body aches, pain, heartburn, acid indigestion, and sour stomach” (Alka-Seltzer Tablets). It is put into water, left to dissolve and then consumed. When an Alka-Seltzer tablet is dropped into h20, a chemical reaction immediately takes

we look at a chemical bond and categorise it according to where the valence electrons are found in the molecules. As the valence electrons determine the chemical properties of the molecule, based on the properties of the molecule we can determine the type of bonding it falls under. The bond is formed by the electrostatic force of attraction between either the electrons or nuclei of the molecules. There are two categories of chemical bonds, Primary bonds and Secondary Bonds. Primary bonding has to

and quizzes we have accomplished in class have taught me how electrons affect the shape of a molecule, how to predict the products of chemical reactions, and how balanced equations are used in stoichiometric calculations. The molecular geometry pogil, types of chemical reactions pogil, and the stoichiometric quiz 1 helped me understand the questions above. The electrons affect the shape of a molecule because how many electrons there are. There are many different shapes of molecular geometry. For

Nonpolar covalent bonds are exactly the opposite they have a even attraction and the electrons are evenly distributed. Formulas can be used to make people understand the bonds between atoms and molecules. An example is structural formula which indicates the kind, number, and arrangement of atoms in a molecule. Another example could be F-F and H-CL these could be structural formulas. Lewis structures include an element's letter which represents the nuclei and dots surround the letters as do elements

non-covalent interaction between a halogen X and a negative site B (e.g., Lewis base). The halogen, X, is usually part of an R-X molecule where R can be another halogen, an organic or an inorganic electron-donating-group. Halogen bonding (XB) is in some ways analogous to hydrogen bonding (HB). In the latter, a hydrogen atom is shared between an atom, group or molecule that “donates” and another that “accepts” it.[1-3] In halogen bonding, it is a halogen atom X that is shared between a donor R and

Synthesis, molecular modeling and bio-evaluation of cycloalkyl fused 2-aminopyrimidines as antitubercular & antidiabetic agents 1. Introduction: o The target name and type: The target in this paper is the mycobacterial di-hydro folate reductase, alpha-glocosidase and glycogen phosphorylase The type of the targets is enzymes. o Diseases that associated with the target: The diseases that associated with the target are diabetes and tuberculosis. o Biological activity of the compounds: Minimum inhibitory

been reported by Johnson1. In this paper, the author discussed that the hydrogen birnessite contained structural water and either hydroxyl hydronium (H3O+), or both. Interlayered H2O molecules inside the birnessite play an important role to the structure. The interlayer H2O is strongly bound to the interlayer molecules, like Na+, K+ or H+. Typically, the H-Bir could be synthesized vial by a co-precipitation method developed by Golden2. The reactant were MnCl2, HCl (pH =2), NaOH, and O2. The XRD for

instance, table salt (NaCI) is a combination of salt and chlorine, in which sodium will give one electron to chlorine and create a fond to satisfy the octet rule for both. Therefore, the atoms that were formed will be different properties from the molecules. As a result, when combining sodium which is a pliable metal and chlorine known to be a poisonous gas together it creates table salt. In addition, the sodium is known to be a giver(cation) because it one electron and chlorine receives(anion) an electron(Daempfle

amine- the generic name for molecules that contain an amino group 3. amino acid- Molecules that contain both an amino group and a carboxyl group. 4. amino group- When a carbon skeleton has a nitrogen bonded to two hydrogens. 5. anabolic steroids- Man-made versions of testosterone. 6. carbohydrate- A macromolecule that includes monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. 7. carbon skeleton- Carbons, when bonded to each other, create the backbone of a molecule. 8. carbonyl group- When

water molecules captured by the ice per second goes down, therefore the rate of freezing goes down. The melting occurs faster than the freezing because it is not affected by the salt. Other foreign materials can also melt ice. Salt is commonly used on roads because it is cheap and easy to obtain. Sugar (C12H22O11) is known as sucrose, a combination of fructose and glucose. It is a carbohydrate that contains 12 atoms of carbon, 22 atoms of hydrogen, and 11 atoms of oxygen. Sugar molecules arrange

called as conformational isomers and sometimes they frequently interconverting rapidly at room temperature. Hydrocarbon alkanes usually present conformation isomerism due to the presence of C-C bonds. C-C σ bonds rotate to give different shapes to a molecule like eclipsed form, staggered and anti form, and staggered and gauche form. In conformations of non-cyclic alkanes, names are given to two distinct conformations, eclipsed conformation and staggered conformation. C-H bonds on each carbon fully overlap

Linus Pauling was born in Portland, Oregon on February 28, 1901. His father, Herman, was a pharmacist and his mother, Lucy, was the daughter of a pharmacist. Shortly after Linus was born the family moved to the town of Condon, and Linus started attending the local schools. Shortly after Herman died of an ulcer, the family had to move back to Portland and live in poverty. As a result of his family’s poverty, Linus had to work various jobs to help the family and eventually he had to drop out of high

Osmosis in potatoes Aim of the laboratory: The aim of this lab is to analyse the effect that the concentration change of sucrose has on the potatoes' osmosis rate. This can be investigated by using potatoes of the same shape, size and length that are placed in different beakers with different concentrations of sucrose. The potatoes must be weighed prior to as well as posterior to the placement in the beakers to measure the difference of the size, length, and eventually shape of the potato subsequent