Francesco Petrarch

Why is Petrarch considered the father of Humanism? Petrarch was a well known poet who lived from 1304 to 1307. Petrarch was very smart and had a very high, influential position. He was a cleric and went on to invent the concept of “humanism”. Francesco Petrarch is the father of Humanism because he was very smart and took influential action that laid down the foundation for humanism all together. Petrarch laid the foundation for humanism.

In the medieval period of 1050-1300, the Kingdom of France progressed and developed along many lines. A new culture developed, a central government emerged and new lines of thought began to come into fruition. With these developments, many problems began to emerge. The issue of violence in general emerged as a problem that needed to be addressed by the government. In addition, greed and corruption ravaged the church questioning its moral integrity, and thus, its authority.

Those who possess great knowledge are often praised among society. They are viewed as leaders of the future as they assume the raw knowledge will lead us towards a greater life. While the ignorant eyes focus on the intelligent, the wise become overlooked. Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave” portrays how philosophers struggle with others as they are often ignored or shunned for their different views. The “Book of Job” from the Old Testament also shows the ignorance that is apparent in the world as common people tend to stick to what they know.

He also provided enlightened education in the sources of early christianity, and criticized abuses in the church. No doubt that this movement and Erasmus’s work prepared people for the

The new form of Christianity played a major role during the Renaissance period. As people discover a new way of thinking, they began to question many of the teachings present in medieval Christianity. The new form of Christianity ran by Martin Luther’s was well known by the Protestant Reformation, however; with many Catholics and Protestants wanting a change in the church they campaigned for a shift from the medieval learning and medieval form of Christianity. However, a complete overview of the doctrines was not consented by all within the church. Many Catholics wanted to reform the church from within, but Martin Luther and his follower disagreement of church policies led him to break away from the Catholic Church.

Ryan Cho 8/26/16 AP European History 1-2 12.4 Assignment AP Euro- 12.4 Assignment (Vocab + Questions) Vocabulary Terms- Humanism, Petrarch, Neo-Platonism, Renaissance Hermeticism, Gutenberg, liberal studies, Guicciardini. 1) Humanism. Humanism is a philosophical stance/belief that emphasizes human values and benefits rather than supernatural beings or objects. Unlike previous beliefs, humanism stresses critical thinking and evidence (ex, rationalism) to support beliefs, instead of relying on superstition. During the Renaissance, humanism was huge throughout Italian city-states because it was a time when people changed how they thought about humanity, art and philosophy.

Van Gelder wrote that in the sixteenth century, and all subsequent centuries, it is important to differentiate Catholicism and Protestantism parallel with a third religious movement, well-defined as the “humanistic religion.” While profound, this is a bit difficult to accept, because generalizing the religious beliefs of humanists during the complex sixteenth century is not a simple task. Doing so might even be perceived as naïve to assume this generational shift had anything to do with religion. Any understanding of the Renaissance must rest on a certain selection of facts and how one has chosen to interpret them, and while Dr. Van Gelder’s ideas are difficult to agree or disagree with entirely, it is more probable that this humanistic split is somewhere in between Catholicism and Protestantism. (Weiss)

As said before, with perception we go to the ‘source’ and take our own conclusions of

They sought to balance religious faith with individual dignity and that wealth should be earned by individual achievements. As a result of a newly founded way of thinking that had won many scholars over Catholicism, the Catholics church and humanists sparked conflict. After the act of questioning the Catholic church’s authority, people began realizing the church’s various flaws which ultimately kick-started the Reformation. Humanism initiated in Italy as of renewed interests in classical culture.

The Human Race has always felt in need for having consensus and disagreement in what concerns to knowledge. “Robust” knowledge itself can be defined as a type of ability that allows humans to apply it in their own world of things and at the same time be able to make use of it. The Greeks referred to this type of knowledge as techne. This essay will focus on the knowledge requirements and how different areas of knowledge rely on both consensus and disagreement to achieve a robust knowledge. History and Arts both in general need so much consensus as disagreement, to create the common goal of achieving what is call a higher level knowledge.

Whilst the knower’s perspective is always essential in the pursuit of knowledge, it’s essence is greater in some areas of knowledge than others. Perspective shapes both what we pursue in knowledge and it affects how we interpret pursued knowledge. Whilst the latter has greater influence over subjective areas such as the arts and history, the former affects even the pursuit of knowledge in more objective areas such as the natural sciences and maths. What’s more, for knowledge to be knowledge, there must be a knower. Each individual knower gains knowledge through the ways of knowing reason and emotion (amongst others); these ways of knowing shape and are shaped by our perspective.

All throughout medieval European history, the church maintained a pivotal role in the progress of societies. In England especially, during the earlier medieval period, parishes acted as sources of income, rather than religious centres or economic centres, as in the local economy would not have been focused solely on the parish. Whereas in Scotland, parishes were still economically valuable, it was due to the smaller number of parishes being more important to the society’s economy. However, moving into the middle medieval period, people became more concerned with religious aspects of parishes rather than the monetary benefits. So as the involvement of people in the church grew, the desire for education on church conduct and practices grew.

Theory of Knowledge Essay Question #5: “Ways of knowing are a check on our instinctive judgments.” To what extent do you agree with this statement? Name: Mohammad Yehia Mohamed Selim Shawky Candidate Number: School Name: Hayah International Academy Date: Word count: May 2015 “Ways of knowing are a check on our instinctive judgments.” To what extent do you agree with this statement?

Because of distinct prosocial nature of Christian beliefs, we can more clearly observe the factors that modify these beliefs, as they have a lesser range of interpretations. This range became narrower with the arrival of Reformation and overall improvement in public education, as the abuse of religious power and beliefs decreased (Cameron, 2012). Even without a well-defined moral ideals

During the fourteenth century, religion was more important than anything else. The setting of The Canterbury Tales, people’s pilgrimages to the great Canterbury cathedral, signifies the strong practice of religion in the medieval society. Because religion was the center of the medieval society, People of all classes went in pilgrimages every spring to visit the shrines of saints. They went to the great cathedrals for spiritual renewal, and “…to seek the holy blessed martyr who helped them when they were sick” (15).