Question 3
In absorption costing all costs that are involved in manufacturing are treated as product, doesn’t matter of whether it is variable or fixed. Direct labor, direct materials, variable manufacturing overhead and variable selling and administrative expenses are variable costs. Where the cost for a unit product under the absorption costing method consists of variable cost and a part of fixed manufacturing overhead. Because of absorption costing include all manufacturing costs in product costs, it is usually denominated to as the full cost method.
However under the marginal costing, just the manufacturing costs that changes with yield will be dealt with as product cost. This would normally comprise of direct materials, direct labor, and
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Absorption costing takes into account all of the costs of production, not just the direct costs, as variable costing does. Absorption costing includes a company's fixed costs of operation, such as salaries, facility rental and utility bills. Having a more complete picture of cost per unit for a product line can be helpful to company management in evaluating profitability and determining prices for products.
Absorption costing also provides a company with a more accurate picture of profitability than variable costing does if all of its products aren't sold during the same accounting period when they are manufactured. This can be especially important for a company that ramps up production well in advance of an anticipated seasonal increase in
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Besides, in managerial decision-making; the contribution is used as a tool. It is more trustworthy in decision making. In stock valuation of some proportion of current years fixed overhead, the illogical carry forward can be prevented. Marginal costing also shows more obviously the effect on profit of variations in the capacity of sales. It expenses off large amount of balances left in overhead control accounts which represents the trouble of determining precise overhead recovery rate. Furthermore, Practical cost control is prominently enabled. Determinations can be concerted on keeping a consistent marginal cost by preventing arbitrary allocation of fixed overhead. It is beneficial to several levels of management. Next, the dominant relationship between cost, selling price and volume are well explained in strong
These costs can be both personnel and non-personnel and both direct and
Matthew Yarian ACCT 515 Unit 3 9/17/2016 Chapter 4 4-15) Since many of the indirect cost occurred during a year are not known until the end of the year or accounting period companies use predetermined cost driver rates. In establishing predetermined cost driver rates one must choose a cost driver such as labor and/or machine hours for example. Using a predetermined cost driver gives a company a tool to help keep expenses in proportion with sales and production volumes which allows them to make important decisions about products. 4-18)
First I would need to review the previous controller’s closing process to determine areas that need improving. Next I would document every step of the closing process this will help itemize the nature of each task, who completes it, the time required to complete it, and any queue times that appear when a task is shifted to a different person within the process. I would also consider shifting work outside the period traditionally reserved for closing activities. I would review the closing activities to determine which ones could be shifted to the previous months and which ones can be delayed until after close. Implementing automation can also shorten the closing process.
Month # 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total Forecast demand 600 750 1000 850 750 700 4560 Planned Production 771 771 771 771 771 771 4626 Planned inventory (50) 221 242 13 -66 -45
The next six months of the marketing plan calls for increased marketing to match the growth in seasonal
The two factors that demonstrate that the traditional system may produce estimates that are different than that of the unit cost are high overheads and indirect cost
This drastic change occurred because of variable and fixed costs. Due to these costs, sales decline in small percentages which affect a more significant decline in profit. Furthermore, incurred cost within Home Depot is broken down into two different types. These two different types are variable costs and fixed costs.
Another external risk is a lost of a supply chain which is result in late or missed deliveries of inventory. A manufacturer of a product may discontinue making a popular item or cease business operations all together. Target can monitor external market conditions of its manufacturers however they cannot control their cash flows or business operations. Target should analyze and identify the potential consequences to potential risk situations (Popescu, Gherghinescu, & Ionete,
This reduced the company’s inventory costs by over 20% which improved delivery
Historical inventory “cost” is used in applying the lower of cost or net realizable value over the entire period that the inventory is held. Write-downs are reversed as selling prices rise. Over the entire period of an enterprise, the amount of expense and profit are the same in the income statement on US GAAP and IFRS. However, the inventory and cost of goods sold balances can vary dramatically in any given period.
Step 5: Allocate overhead costs to products. The activity costs should be absorbed back into the individual products by multiplying the predetermined overhead rate for each activity by the level of cost driver activity used by the product Total activity costs can them be added to labour and material costs as normal.
Also, various methods of controlling costs such as standard costing system and flexible budgets have close relation with the variable costing system, in turn making it easy to use those methods. 3. Companies using variable costing system are able to prepare income statement in contribution margin format that provides necessary information for cost volume profit (CVP) analysis. On the flip side, this data cannot be directly obtained from a traditional income statement prepared under absorption costing
Transaction costs take place every time a service or product is transferred from one phase to another, where new capabilities are needed to produce those products or
• Helps to track an improve time to deliver the products to
In terms of controlling, the management of Marks and Spencer has frequent reporting of expenditures with costs to provide a form of feedback. The reactions of managers to such type of data rely on the expectations or the formal budget or planned targets. The management believes in collecting and assigning cost data that is being shifted away from control. There is a recognition related to the repetitive exercise of planning and re-planning for creating a full time job for accountants. The assessment and evaluation of cost data in the aspects of launching new product by Marks and Spencer is about gaining insights and learning ways for achieving the goals of organisation in most effective manner.