Health Disparities Research Paper

In the United States, with an abundant, inexpensive food supply and a largely sedentary population, over nutrition has become an important contributor to morbidity and mortality in adults." In continuation, " As early as 1902, USDA 's W.O. Atwater linked dietary intake to health, noting that "that the evils of overeating may not be felt at once, but sooner or later they are sure to appear - perhaps in an excessive amount of fatty tissue, perhaps in general debility, perhaps in actual disease" (Atwater, 1894). Somehow, I told you so doesn 't get the message across when it comes to the previous statement given more than a century ago. The last part I underlined because it drives home a very important part of our challenge today, perhaps in actual disease. What obesity related diseases do we currently have today? High blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, high cholesterol levels, cancer, infertility, back and joint pain, skin infections, ulcers, and gallstones. Here are 10 health related diseases of obesity. Although there are several more, but hopefully this gets the point across that 100 years ago through patterns of data analysis studied predicted the outcomes we see today. This project too requires the collection of data in the form of various journals chosen to discuss socioeconomic patterns also helping

Health disparities are preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or in opportunities to achieve optimal health experienced by socially disadvantaged racial, ethnic, and other population groups, and communities (Healthy Aging, 2017). An example of a health disparity would be if women were more likely than men to die from pancreatic cancer. Anyone is capable of having a health disparity. Several factors such as gender, age, social class, race, and where the person lives can cause one to inhibit a health disparity, lessening his or her chances of obtaining good health.

Disparities in health are an inequality that occurs in the provision of healthcare and its accessibility across different dimensions including location, gender, ethnicity, age, disability status, citizenship status and socioeconomic group (Ubri & Artiga, 2016; Wallerstein & Durran, 2006). According to the health Resources and Service Administration of United States, health disparities are defined by population specific differences in the presence of disease, health outcomes and the accessibility to healthcare. Urbi and Artiga (2016) indicates that disparities in healthcare provision not only bring impacts to the group facing disparities, but also limit overall improvements in quality of care and population health as well as resulting

Health disparities are preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health that are experienced by socially disadvantaged populations. Populations can be defined by factors such as race, ethnicity, gender, education, or income, disability, geographic location orientation. Health disparities are inequitable and are directly related to the historical and current unequal distribution of social, political, economic, and environmental resources (CDC).

The rate of childhood obesity has increased over few years. There are 41 million children in the world are overweight or at risk of obesity. Childhood obesity is a serious health problem. It cause physical ,psychological , and social problems. This problem can effect on children's for the rest of their lives. Childhood obesity is one of the main reasons of adulthood obesity also earlier risk obesity-related disease in adulthood. Obesity is defined as the condition in which excess body fat accumulates to the point of causing adverse health effects. It is determined by the body mass index (BMI), a measure that corresponds to weight in length. The ( BMI ) is a formula that produces a score that will show if a person is underweight, a normal weight, overweight or obese.

Health inequalities are a result of unequal exposure to risk factors associated with socio-economic inequalities, such as social, economic and environmental conditions (Thomson, Bambra, McNamara, Huijts, & Todd, 2016).

The lecture, led by Dr. Christian Dimaano, discussed a variety of health disparities and then went into an in depth look at Henrietta Lacks, and the use of her cells in scientific research. He described health disparities as the differences of health problems between races, lifestyles, and mental processes. This was a very interesting topic for me, as a nursing major, I hadn’t really thought about health disparities before, so it was interesting to think about all of the potentially higher health risks that can occur simply because a patients race, or mental state. He also discussed the social determinants of heath and how things like your physical environment, economic stability, social community, and education can all influence your health.

Health disparities is not only a Clayton County issue but a national issue as well. Consequently, Healthy People 2020 initiated a decisive goal to reduce health disparities among all Americans by the year 2020. One of this goals of Healthy People 2020 is the reduction of infant mortality rate among Americans to a target goal of 6.0 deaths per 1,000 live births.1 In 2015, infant mortality rates for black non-Hispanics were 2.2 times that of white non-Hispanics. As it relates to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) black non-Hispanics mothers were 2 times greater than that of white non-Hispanics mothers. Furthermore, black non-Hispanics mothers were 2.3 times more likely to beginning prenatal care in the 3rd trimester, or seek no care, than white

Health inequalities are preventable and unjust differences in health status experienced by certain population groups. People in lower socio-economic groups are more likely to experience chronic ill-health and die earlier than those who are more advantaged. Health inequalities are not only apparent between people of different socio-economic groups – they exist between different genders and different ethnic groups (“Health inequalities,” n.d.).

Health disparity are avertible health status of distinctive group of people like races, skin color, language, socioeconomic resources, gender and age (Edelman, Kudzma, & Mandle, 2014). Health disparities are arbitrary and explicit to historical and present uneven distribution of political, economic, social, and environmental resources. A disparity can also be related to education, where dropping out of school occurs associated with various social and health problems (CDC,2017). Comprehensively, person with inadequate education are more likely to struggle number of health risks such as substance abuse, obesity, and traumatic injuries, compared to individual who receive more education. One of the main findings within health disparities in history

Racial disparities, the racial differences in discrimination, is an indicator of health status of a person. Large racial disparities can cause a decline in health in one type of racial group for example Blacks have an elevated death rate for 8 of the 10 leading causes of death. The mortality rate and infant mortality rate for Blacks is higher than for Whites and this is because there isn’t equality in society. There are many reasons for the large difference in health between Blacks and Whites, one of the reasons is the limit of housing options

Disparities in health care have been an ongoing issue for more than two decades. Evidence suggests that disparities in women and minority population continue to be problematic, with little progress being made to eliminate them. Ethnic and disparities exist for several different reasons. However, several national organizations have made efforts to reduce health disparities, including the Institute of Medicine, (IOM), and the Agency for Health Research and Quality (AHRQ) as well as Healthy People 20/20.

With the ongoing changes on policies in healthcare, it is imperative to consider the legal and ethical issues in health disparities and access to care based on the socioeconomic status. Research have shown over the past 25 years that disparities in the quality of care are highly influenced by individual characteristics such as race, gender, ethnicity, education, income, and age. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) recognized that providing care is not simply a “one size fits all” approach especially with the diverse population in today’s society. As healthcare professionals, we need to be alert and know how to properly intervene with such disparities so that the care provided is tailored to the individual.

One of the issues that the United States is currently facing is health inequality and disparity among minority groups. Health disparity focuses at the differences in health status between different social groups, gender, race, ethnicity, education, and income. Unfortunately, health disparities are affecting minority groups in society. These groups include African Americans, Hispanics, and American Indians/Alaska Natives. For people in these racial/ethnic minority populations, health disparities can mean lower life expectancy, and loss of economic opportunities. These groups have very minimal access to health services, which means that they are less likely to get proper medical care. All health care should be standardized, and everyone should

Population health social determinants of health inequalities (SDHI) is evaluated through a systematic approach, and is identified as non-linear, emergent and adaptive compared to a linear cause and effect relationship. Additionally, the generational health inequities arising from the social environments are social selection, social causation, and life course perspective which is also integrated into the population health complex system. First, social selection is defined as a person’s will determine their social and economic position in society. Secondly, social causation is the unequal distribution of resources, psychological stress from living in a lower socioeconomic society, and unhealthy behaviors practiced in impoverished communities. And lastly, life course perspective is a person’s lifespan effected by determinants such as malnutrition, lack of education, and high risk jobs susceptible to hazards and injury. SDHI, historically thought to occur from hierarchical power, has been limited in solving the disparities in health outcomes. According to system theory and complexity, SDHI cannot be explored through a linear microscope, evaluating the cause and effect one constituent part at a time. Instead, SDHI is described as the interaction between determinants; and, the nonlinerarity and emergence concepts illustrate the complexity in