Let us examine the realist and constructivist approach to anarchy. Realism focuses on the theory self preservation and that rules are created by governments to protect its people which would also help prevent conflict. However international politics can not be credited with this. (Lebow, 2007) Waltz argued that the continued lack of ‘world government’ leads to violence between states. It seems to be the common belief among realists that because there is no clear authority that governs states on a global level, thats where anarchy exists; violence is always a constant possibility as each state strives for self preservation.
Totalitarianism is a one of the most brutal form of political tyranny and is based on the assumption that there is a single and exclusive truth in politics. The main aim of totalitarian regime can be considered as elimination of freedom and individuality, establishing a centralized system that controls public and private lives of its citizens. The economic depression in 20th century after World War One led to the rise of different totalitarian systems in various places. The transformation of Russian Empire from a rural country to a Socialist dictatorship, the imperial ambitions of Germany under Hitler’s leadership and thus declaration of one party state- National Socialism, Mao Zedong’s Cultural Revolution which transformed face of China were
Surveillance is used as the eye over the population. In 1984 it is Big Brother who sees and hears every step you take, while in America it is the National Security Agency (NSA). By governing the people with lies and limitations, a government can do as it pleases. If the people do not know what is right and wrong, they can easily be fooled. The first point is doublethink, in 1984 the party uses the idea of continuous war as an act of doublethink.
Closed society is a totalitarian autarchy based on the established set of constant and unquestionable rules. It does not interact with other states or enter into the trade relations with them, remaining economically and culturally independent. In the closed society, all the political power is accumulated in the hands of the certain group. Moreover, there are a very specific conditions for upbringing of the new members of that group, cultivating in them adherence to the ideology, while for the other groups access to education is under oppression and control. The fate and interests of the ruling group is compared with the fate and interests of the society in general.
Censorship is the suppression or prohibition of any parts of books, films, news, that are considered obscene, politically acceptable, or a threat in security. Censorship is the control of the information and ideas circulated within a society. It happens whenever some people succeed in imposing their political or moral values on others by suppressing
As one of the most celebrated novels of the 20th century Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby has attracted critical attention for candidly portraying “about America, American character and the American Dream” (Miller 252). Few critics have comprehensively examined the American Dream that permeates the text. The novel reflects some of the images of horror of modern life in America. The reader can gauge the deeper psychology discovering the universal malaise of ‘sickness’ and common darkness in the individual gloom personified for the generation of twenties. It suggests much about the sterility, aridity, vacuity of modern life.
The earliest form of dystopian is “The Time Machine” by H. G. Wells in 1895, but more recognized ones were George Orwell’s writings such as “1984” (1949) or “Animal Farm” (1945), and Aldous Huxley’s “Brave New World” (1932). The societies portrayed in these books are commonly about letting the government hold all the power and its citizens dehumanized, intimidated, and under constant surveillance. It usually tells a story about a certain individual’s life in a dystopian universe. Most of the writings are satirical towards the government, mainly conservative, right-winged politics. Though this is not a real era, two noteworthy examples are North Korea’s totalitarian political system and the privacy “dystopia” due to the National Security Agency spying and gathering information from people who use the internet in 2014, in which people stated that their methods were “Orwellian”.
1984 is author George Orwell’s satirical take on the German Nazi Party, which held control of Germany from 1933 to 1945, according to History’s article “Nazi Party.” The Nazi Party “ruled Germany through totalitarian means” just as the Party ruled Oceania as a totalitarian oligarchy in 1984 (History). Both the Nazis and the Party in Oceania tried to control every aspect of their citizens’ lives. The Nazis promoted German pride and tried to force citizens to conform and relinquish their freedom with the threat of labor or death camps and through constant monitoring (History). In 1984,
Without any true method of advocacy, the members of the social classes lack all idiosyncrasies associated with themselves, developing to nothing more than puppets for the government. Extreme as this may be, the other processes are equally severe. Rather than manipulating just the mind, the body is chosen to undergo similar alterations to achieve a manipulative mind set. Social
Totalitarian governments, such as Nazi Germany, and their use of controversial techniques in order to rise power are significant influences on literature, creating parallels between it and novels such as 1984 by George Orwell. The system deployed by the Nazi regime in order to rise to power was undoubtedly, while immoral, very effective in eliciting the results desired by its enforcers. State sponsored murder or execution, prevalent in both Nazi Germany and 1984, were utilized by the government to incite hatred within its citizens. Big Brothers overbearing presence in the citizens lives strikingly resembles the relationship that dictators such as Adolf Hitler held with countries through implementation of similar propaganda techniques seen in 1984. A presence so oppressive that its self-serving existence has torn apart the psyche of the citizens it represses to the point they are no longer human enough to question why they are being treated like animals.