Equilibrium constant Essays

CHML 1046 General Chemistry 2 Laboratory Experiment Determining an Equilibrium Constant References: Experiments in General Chemistry by R.A.D.Wentworth, 8th Edition, 2005. Houghton Mifflin, New York, pp. 273-284. Objective: Experimentally determine the equilibrium constant for the formation of Fe(SCN)+2. Master dilution techniques and proper use of volumetric glassware. Practice calculation of concentrations and set up of ICE table. Use spectrophotometer to evaluate relationships of solution

The purpose of this experiment is to calculate an equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction by observing “Le Chatelier’s Principle” in a chemical reaction. Equilibrium is caused when a chemical reaction does not go to “completion,” but when both reactants and products exist. According to research students of the University of Oxford, “equilibrium does not imply that all chemical activity has stopped, only that forward and reverse reactions are proceeding at the same rate, so no further net change

To find chemical equilibrium, the following chemical equation is used in the experiment: Fe3+(aq) + SCN-(aq)  FeSCN2+(aq). When iron (III) and thiocyanate react, thiocyanoiron (III) is produced. When the concentration of all ions at equilibrium are known, the equilibrium constant can be calculated by dividing the equilibrium concentration of the reactant by the equilibrium concentration of the products. In this experiment, four equilibrium systems containing different concentrations of three different

Experiment 2: Preparation and Spectrophotometric Analysis of Copper(I) Iodide Abstract: This experiment aims to determine the concentration of “Purified CuI” sample. Crude CuI is obtained by reacting CuSO4.5H2O with KI and Na2S2O3 in de-ionized water. A series of decanting and centrifugation is carried out to extract the crude CuI. Crude CuI was later purified by dissolving it in hot KI solution. The solution was later transferred into de-ionized water and placed in an ice bath to allow for re-precipitation

Bromocresol Green Equilibrium System Post-Lab Discussion This experiment was conducted to determine whether the equilibrium constant is consistent at a constant temperature. The answer was found by comparing mixtures of a bromocresol green equilibrium system at different concentrations. A spectrophotometer and a pH electrode provided the means to ultimately determine the concentration of HIn, H+, and In-. From these values, we were able to calculate the equilibrium constant (K). The data supports

Determine the Solubility-Product Constant for a Sparingly Soluble Salt Abstract: The Solubility-Product Constant of a sparingly soluble salt was determined by using a calibration curve to determine the connection between the concentration and absorbance (y=1629.8x+0.0117). After the compounds had been prepared, the absorbance was measured using a spectrophotometer. The (CrO42-) ion could be used to calculate the solubility-product constant because of the close stoichiometric association between the

Abstract This assignment focuses on how deviance forms a part of major social institutions in our society i.e., religion, education, government, economy and family. It attempts to explore so, through different perspectives and live examples/ situations persisting in the India society. I have also tried to give examples of situations that I have witnessed in the agency I am placed, Crime against Women (CAW) Cell. What is Deviance? Though there is no exact or approved definition of Deviance but the

The Methanol Production Chemical equilibrium, it is simply defined as a reaction occurring at equal rates in its forward and reverse directions, so that the concentrations of the reacting substances do not change with time. It describes the characteristic of maintaining a balance of reactions, and can be applied to varying mediums, many of which are chemical reactions. One such example of chemical equilibrium that is representative in real life is the production of methanol through the combination

players cannot rely on their considerations about the outcomes. A Nash equilibrium is a state were no participant can gain by changing strategies as long as the players’ choices remain unchanged. In tree diagram (explained above) the Nash equilibrium is when both collude, because neither firm A can change and have more profit by changing their strategy, nor can B . In some games it may occur that there are two Nash equilibriums, for example when two firms are merging into two divisions of a large

Throughout history, dating back to 3600 BC, games of chance and gambling have existed ("Introduction- Gambling and Probability"). Since their invention, people have tried to decipher ways to predict the outcome of such games, thus a need to determine the likelihood of winning in games such as these evolved. The method created to suit this need is known as probability theory. Probability theory has been developed over hundreds of years, and is used to predict possible outcomes and assist in daily

Enzymes are “proteins that help lower the energy necessary to do chemical reactions within the body”. They are considered biological catalyst. When the environment changes, the ability of an enzyme to catalyze a reaction decreases. Very high temperatures can denature enzymes by destroying their bonds and their shapes. Low temperatures, can cause enzymes to slow down and decrease their rate of interaction with substrates. The structure of an enzyme are chains of amino acids, and have a specific shape

Enzymes are very valuable to the metabolic process. Enzymes are protein catalyst that lowers activation energy and speed up chemical reactions. Knowing what conditions affect enzymes will help further knowledge in what enzymes are and how they work. Catecholase was used in both experiments. The absorbance rate of each test tube was measured at 420 nm. The first experiment showed how pH affects enzyme reaction rate. This experiment found that the optimal pH for catecholase is pH 10. However, catechol

Introduction: There are a number of environmental parameters that can affect enzyme activity and its process. Enzymes are substances made in by an organism that serves as a catalyst and quickens the biochemical reaction to occur. When a catalyst is brought into the picture, it speeds up the time needed for said reaction to occur, making the enzyme a “helper” for reactions. Enzymes and substrates are closely related in the sense that both join together to help bring the end result of the reaction

interaction of the Allies and the Axis during WWII. Finally, some of the crucial developments of game theory were brought by the work of the late John Nash, who in his 1950 treatise on non-cooperative games introduced a concept of equilibrium which we now know as the Nash equilibrium . Before we

The origins of the Poverty measure While studying the impact of minimum wage increases on poverty, it is of significant importance to understand how poverty is measured. According to the definition of poverty – “The U.S. Census Bureau determines poverty status by comparing pre-tax cash income against a threshold that is set at three times the cost of a minimum food diet in 1963, updated annually for inflation using the Consumer Price Index (CPI; see the last section of this FAQ for an explanation

There are many corrupt things in the world we live in. At times, we are oblivious to the fact that these corruptions exist. There are some who even get involved and easily influenced by these immoral things or people. There is always that little voice in your mind that advises you to not follow the wrong path. It could be at that moment you where have to decide or later on as a dream. Connie, in Joyce Carol Oates’s “Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been,” encounters this experience, and falls

Believe it or not- We all need a little bit of astrology in our lives! Astrology is a peculiar yet intriguing science that has baffled many enthusiasts. Be it for a work related scenarios or everyday travel, it is not unlikely that a lot of us flip through channels or scour through newspapers just to find out how the day is supposed to pan out. A positive prediction and we are happy beyond limits. A negative one, probably exercising caution should work out! In any case astrology has become an integral

Game Theory and the Prisoners’ Dilemma Strategic Rationality In this chapter, Daniel Little indicates that under circumstances of uncertainty and risks, decision-makers attempt to maximize utility through collecting information of the utility and analyzing the probability of each feasible choice. Finally the maximum expected payoff of outcomes is given to the decision-maker since all other decision makers also made the rational decisions. Also strategic rationality is embodied on interactive social

Essay #2 Progressing through life, view the twist and turns on the path that must be followed. Why must these obstacles be placed where they are and what makes it different from a perfectly straight path? Playing a board game is just the same as the journey of life. It wouldn’t be the same if all of it was just one simple path. There would be no point of playing. There would be no way to challenge yourself and make it competitive. It would be nearly impossible to learn anything from it. Just as without

Enzyme assays are performed to serve two different purposes: (i) To identify a special enzyme by proving its presence or absence in a distinct specimen. (ii) To determine the amount of the enzyme in the sample by monitoring the disappearance of substrate or appearance of product. Enzymes speed up reaction rate by decreasing the activation energy required to start the reaction. Activation energy is the energy required to break certain bonds in the substrate so that other bonds can form. The formation